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G banding karyotype analysis of peripheral lymphocytes in 217 patients with azoospermia or severe oligospermia were performed and the Y-chromosome AZFc region from seven cases with Y chromosome abnormality was amplified by polymerase chain reaction.

对217例无精和严重少精症患者外周血淋巴细胞染色体核型进行分析，并采用聚合酶链反应对7例Y染色体结构异常患者的AZFc区进行检测。

G banding karyotype analysis of peripheral lymphocytes in 217 patients with azoospermia or severe oligospermia were performed and the polymerase chain reactions for AZFc of Y-chromosome in the blood from 7 cases with Y chromosome abnormality.

对217例无精和严重少精症患者外周血淋巴细胞染色体核型进行分析，并采用聚合酶链反应对7例Y染色体结构异常患者的AZFc区进行检测。

Results Chromosomal changes were detected in 4 cases by high-resolution G-banding: one case with t(4;6)(q23-24;p21), one case with longer p arm of chromosome 21 (21p+), and two cases with pericentric inversion of chromosome 9 inv(9 which was confirmed by C-banding.

结果用G带分析观察到有染色体改变的4例患者，分别为1例t(4；6)(q23-24；p21)、1例21p+和2例9号染色体臂间倒位。

There appeared prominent signals on pericentric regions of all the other chromosomes besides chromosome 4. The signals were strong on most of the chromosomes and weak only on one chromosome pair.

这一克隆除在第4染色体近着丝粒区显示明显的信号外，其它染色体的近着丝粒区同样具有信号，多数染色体为强信号，仅1对染色体信号较弱，还有3对染色体具有像着丝粒两侧异染色质块(pericentric heterochromatin block)的信号，中间有一个缢痕。

The giant panda-rabbit interspecies reconstructed embryos were constructed by injection of giant panda somatic cells into the perivitelline space of the enucleated oocytes and fused by electrical stimulation, and the reconstructed embryos can develop to hatched blastocyst stage in vitro. We demonstrated that the nuclear genetic materials in reconstructed blastocyst cells were the same as that of giant panda somatic cells by chromosome count and the existence of characteristic chromosome, which was confirmed by microsatellite DNA analysis later In order to determine the fate of mtDNA of giant panda-rabbit reconstructed embryos, we analyzed the cyt b sequence of embryos at 1 -cell stage, 2-cell stage, 4-cell stage, 8 cell stage, morula stage, blastocyst stage, expanded blastocyst stage and hatched blastocyst stage.

异种克隆大熊猫重构胚是通过将大熊猫成纤维细胞移入日本大耳白兔去核卵母细胞透明带下后经电融合构建的，可在体外发育至孵化囊胚阶段，我们应用一种简便、快速的异种重构胚的鉴定方法，即通过染色体数目和特征染色体的存在初步鉴定出大熊猫-兔异种重构胚的核遗传物质来源于大熊猫供核体细胞（后经昆明动物研究所通过微卫星DNA分析验证了该结果的可靠性）。

Ninety-three patients with forty-two azoospermia and fifty-one severe oligozoospermia were recruited in present study. Y chromosome microdeletions were screened by detection of four locus SY84, SY134, SY255 and SPGY1 gene spaning the AZFa, AZFb and AZFc subregions of Y chromosome. The total incidence of Y microdeletions was 16%( 15/93 )in present study. Eight men in 42 patients with azoospermia had Y microdeletions, of whom 6 were AZFc deletion and 2 were AZFb deletion.

通过对93例男性不育（42例无精症和引例严重少精症）患者，Y染色体 SPGY基因、AZFa－SY84、AZFb－SY134和 AZFc－SY255位点缺失情况的研究，我们发现男性不育患者 Y染色体微缺失的发生率为 16％（ 5旧3人 42例无精子症患者中，有8例存在Y染色体微缺失，其中6例为AZF。

Chromosome observation of the male sterile line and fertile line, parents of hybrid combination and F1 indicated that the chromosome number of the male sterile line is the same as that of fertile line 2n=2x=24; Pollen parent (Tagetes putula PHBO029) is tetraploid 2n=4x=48; the F1 is triploid 2n=3x=36 with hybrid vigor.

通过对不育系、正常可育系以及杂交组合父母本、子一代的染色体数目观察发现：万寿菊雄性不育系的染色体数目与正常可育系相同，均为2n=2x=24；孔雀草PHBO029为四倍体2n=4x=48，它与万寿菊不育系杂交、其杂种为具有杂种优势的三倍体2n=3x=36。

As part of an international effort to completely sequence the rice genome, we have produced a fine bacterial artificial chromosome-based physical map of the Oryza sativa japonica Nipponbare chromosome 4 through an integration of 114 sequenced BAC clones from a taxonomically related subspecies O.

国际水稻基因组测序计划(International Rice Genome Sequencing Project)采用以物理图为基础的随机测序战略，作为该计划的一部分，中国科学院国家基因中心承担了水稻第四号染色体精确序列的测定任务。

Department of Resources and Environment, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, China Abstract: Chromosome section is the base for us to do the chromosome teratogenic research.

新疆农业大学资源环境学院，乌鲁木齐 830052 摘要：染色体制片是对染色体畸变进行深入研究的基础。

Using CCA, karyotype abnormalities were found in 18 (37.5%) of 48 cases, among which complex karyotypes were found in 4 (8.3%) cases, a deletion of chromosome 5/a deletion of the long arm of chromosome 5 (-5/5q-) in 5 (10.4%) cases,-7/7q- in 5 (10.4%) cases, trisomy 8 in 8 (16.6%) cases, 20q- in 2 (4.6%) cases, unconsistent translocations in 3 (6.2%) cases.

细胞遗传学分析检出染色体异常18例(37.5%)，其中复杂异常4例(8.3%)、5号染色体缺失或5号染色体长臂部分缺失5例(10.4%)、7号染色体缺失或7号染色体长臂部分缺失5例(10.4%)、8号染色体增加8例（16.6%）、20号染色体长臂部分缺失2例（4.6%）、不一致的易位3例（6.2%）。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！