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Primarily, the thesis assays the condition of network framework, the network was divided into three levels in terms of network management in order to establish the distributed method ,and still pointing out the intention and denotation of studying the Topology Discovery.Next, the thesis analyzes SNMP protocol minutely, including its development, principle, and the Network Management system that established on the SNMP protocol. Have analysed MIB in detail and the application way of MIB in network management .The thesis also assays the ICMP protocol, describing its working principle and the format of datagram minutely , and describing two important tools of ICMP- Ping and TraceRoute in detail. On the base of upper analysis, the thesis expounds a kind of distributed Topology Discovery project, and book it in one autonomy system. Topology Discovery was divided into two levels in terms of network management, and analyses the way of linking up between the two level. The thesis minutely assays Router-Level Topology Discovery technology basing on SNMP and Subnet-Level Topology Discovery technology basing on ARP and ICMP. According to these analyses, the thesis explores the specific methodology and the technology of XML data object which using the WinSNMP API to achieve topology discovering system on the development platform of Visual C++, and also analyses the technology of topology analysis and topology graph minutely. Moreover, the thesis assays the technology of basic firewall and Topology Discovery response strategy. Finally, the thesis analyses the underlying blind problem of the topology finding, and also analyses the reason that the blind problem produced and the way that reduced. The distributed algorithm that this paper puts forward has a certain directive significance in wireless network or other fields.

本文首先分析了网络结构状况，将网络从网络管理的角度划分为三个层次，为分布式的方法奠定了基础，同时还指出拓扑发现研究的目的及意义；接着本文分析了SNMP协议，详细分析了SNMP协议的发展状况，协议的工作原理，以及由SNMP协议基础上建立的SNMP网络管理体系，详细分析了MIB，以及MIB在网络管理上的应用方式；本文又分析了ICMP协议，详细描述了ICMP的工作原理和数据报格式，并详细描述了ICMP的两个重要工具-Ping 和TraceRoute；然后本文在结合上述分析的基础上，提出了一种分布式的拓扑发现方案，将拓扑发现拟订在一个自治系统内，将拓扑发现从网络管理角度划分为路由器级和子网级两个层次，分析了两个层次之间的衔接方式，同时从拓扑地域的角度将拓扑发现过程分布化，分析了分布式算法的具体方法和分布式结点之间的数据通讯方法，本文详细分析了基于SNMP的路由器级拓扑发现技术和基于ARP和ICMP的子网级拓扑发现技术；根据这些分析，本文利用XML数据对象作为分布式算法中的数据对象，分析了XML的技术，本文使用Visual C++开发平台实现网络拓扑发现系统，详细分析了使用WinSNMP API实现基于SNMP的路由器级拓扑发现和基于ARP的子网级拓扑发现，分析了使用Winsock编程实现基于ICMP的子网级拓扑发现，本文还对拓扑分析和拓扑图的绘制技术作了较细致的分析；本文最后还分析了基本防火墙技术，分析了几种类型的防火墙对拓扑发现带来的影响，以及在拓扑发现时的应对策略，本文还分析了拓扑发现中可能产生的盲点问题，分析了盲点产生的原因以及拓扑发现中减少盲点的方法。

Actually, the development of genetically-modified products is a double-edged sword: On the one hand, it contributes to the enhancement of the world crop yield, as well as the quality, and reduction of chemical fertilizer and the pesticide use, helps solution of the famine and undernourishment in developing countries. Besides, it also promotes the development of certain related industries like pharmaceutical and chemical industries; On the other hand, it also brings the unprecedented threat for human beings. We are unaware of the potential effects in human bodies, or any unknown injury to the next generation, caused by genetic modification. Nor can we forecast what kind of influence to the extant gene will emerge.

而事实上，转基因生物技术的确是一把双刃剑：一方面，转基因技术可以提高世界农作物产量、提高质量、减少化学肥料和杀虫剂的使用、解决发展中国家的粮食缺乏、饥饿和营养不良的问题，另外，基因技术的飞速发展在很大程度上也促进了医药、化工等相关行业的发展；另一方面，它也为整个人类带来了前所未有的威胁，人们无法得知基因序列的改变会在体内引起何种潜在的变化，无法确定转基因产品是否会对下一代产生任何未知的伤害，无法预测转基因产品对现存基因会产生何种影响。

Studied the solid particles cyclone separation under structural parameters and operating parameters of different hydrocyclone, the results showed that major factor influence split ratio is in the ratio of entrance to exit pressure of hydrocyclone. Exit pressure has a certain influence on the split ratio, the various of the diameter and cone angle of hydrocyclone (in the ratio of entrance to exit pressure is constant) have no influence on split ratio; With diameter and cone angle increase, the separation granularity gradually increasing and recovery ratio decreasing; With entrance pressure increase, the separation granularity of hydrocyclone decrease, the split ratio of underset will increase slowly; With the diameter of overflow pipe increase, the separation granularity of hydrocyclone increasing and recovery ratio decreasing; With the diameter of underset pipe increasing, the separation granularity of hydrocyclone decreasing and recovery ratio increasing.

在不同的水力旋流器结构参数和操作参数下，对固体颗粒的旋流分离进行了分析研究，结果表明：旋流器的排出口比是影响分流比的主要因素，进口压力对分流比有一定影响，水力旋流器的直径变化和锥段角度变化对分流比基本上没有影响；随着直径、锥段角度的增大，分离粒度逐渐增大，回收率降低；随着入口压力增大，水力旋流器的分离粒度变小，底流的分流比会缓慢增加；随着溢流管管径的增加，分离粒度增大，分流比明显减小，回收率降低；随着底流管直径的增加，分离粒度减小，分级效果明显下降，回收率会增加。

The object of understanding is text and the goal of understanding is to grasp the meaning of the text so as to serve the understander. Understanding is creative activities as well as historical activities in a certain historical condition. The conditionality of understanding determines relativity of understanding as well as possibility, objectivity and absoluteness of understanding.

理解的对象是文本，理解的目标是把握文本的意义，从而为理解者服务；理解是一种创造性活动，是在一定历史条件下进行的历史性行为，理解的条件性不仅规定了理解的相对性，同时也规定了理解的可能性、客观性和绝对性。

It is my belief that much unnecessary perplexity can be avoided if we limit ourselves strictly to the two units, money and labour, when we are dealing with the behaviour of the economic system as a whole; reserving the use of units of particular outputs and equipments to the occasions when we are analysing the output of individual firms or industries in isolation; and the use of vague concepts, such as the quantity of output as a whole, the quantity of capital equipment as a whole and the general level of prices, to the occasions when we are attempting some historical comparison which is within certain limits avowedly unprecise and approximate.

我相信，当我们论述整个经济体系的行为时，如果我们将自己的讨论严格限定于使用两种单位，即货币和劳动，那就可以避免很多不必要的困惑和混乱。当我们孤立地分析单个厂商或单个行业的产出时，可以在这种情形继续使用特定产出和设备的原用单位。当我们试图进行某种历史比较时，可以在这种情形使用诸如总产出数量，总资本设备量和一般价格水平之类含糊不清的概念，这是因为在一定限度内，历史的比较本来就是不精确的和粗略的。

To continue） If you look around at the men and women whom you can call happy, you will see that they all have certain things in common The most important of these things is an activity which at most gradually builds up something that you are glad to see coming into existence Women who take an instinctive pleasure in their children can get this kind of satisfaction out of bringing up a family Artists and authors and men of science get happiness in this way if their own work seems good to them But there are many humbler forms of the same kind of pleasure Many men who spend their working life in the city devote their weekends to voluntary and unremunerated toil in their gardens, and when the spring comes, they experience all the joys of having created beauty

只要你观察一下周围那些你可称之为幸福的男男女女，就会看出他们都有某些共同之处。在这些共同之处中有一点是最重要的：那就是活动本身，它在大多数情况下本身就很有趣，而且可逐渐的使你的愿望得以实现。生性喜爱孩子的妇女，能够从抚养子女中得到这种满足。艺术家、作家和科学家如果对自己的工作感到满意，也能以同样的方式得到快乐。不过，还有很多是较低层次的快乐。许多在城里工作的人到了周末自愿地在自家的庭院里做无偿的劳动，春天来时，他们就可尽情享受自己创造的美景带来的快乐。

Difficult factor that this text obtains employment through structuring model analysis university students of QCC; Analyse university student's imbalance between supply and demand in terms of demand theory; Analyse the symmetry of talent market and influence on university student's employment of unsymmetry in terms of information theory, have offered certain theoretical foundation for promoting the sound development of university student's employment work of our country.

本文通过构建QCC模型，试图探析大学生就业难因素；从需求理论角度来分析大学生供需矛盾；从信息理论角度分析就业信息的对称性和不对称性对大学生就业的影响，为推动我国大学生就业工作的健康发展提供了一定的理论依据。

The results of the rule of law with ordinary methylation by formaldehyde Veratryl three groups the average weight of 2.5609g, the average yield was 91.31%, the melting point of the three groups were 42.4 ~ 44.8 ℃, 41.5 ~ 45.2 ℃, 41.7 ~ 44.3 ℃, from the results of we can see that the three groups of the melt from the melting point greater than that which the product of the by-product of the detection of the melting point have a certain impact; and the legal system with microwave radiation by an average of Veratrum aldehyde quality 1.4016g, the average yield was 93.23 %, melting point of the three groups were 41.8 ~ 43.2 ℃, 41.3 ~ 42.6 ℃, 41.6 ~ 43.5 ℃, melting away from the three groups as compared with ordinary methods of measuring the melt-out from the small.

结果 用普通甲基化法制出来的三组藜芦醛平均质量为2.5609g，平均产率为91.31％，三组的熔点分别为42.4～44.8℃，41.5～45.2℃，41.7～44.3℃，从结果可以看出，三组熔点的熔距都比较大，证明产物当中的副产物对熔点的检测有一定的影响；而用微波辐射法制出来的藜芦醛平均质量为1.4016g，平均产率为93.23％，三组熔点分别为41.8～43.2℃，41.3～42.6℃，41.6～43.5℃，三组熔距较普通方法测出来的熔距小。

This paper has no intention to put forward the ubiquitous educational principles, but has the intention to look for the educational significance in the situation. Against the way so called "top to down" by which most of the educational study deduct the certain theory, this paper prefers to use the collaboration of the way of "top to down "and the way of "bottom to up", but the preferable way is "bottom to up": I go near the world of the teacher's life, listen to the voice of the teacher, I make an attempt to keep the teacher's real situation, motion, chance and feeling, I welcome to invite readers to give an ear to their stories and understand the teacher's personal practical theory, also, expect me to do tiny but deep-ground task for verbalism in the educational study by standing the position on the Chinese reality.

与当前教育研究中大量的从既有理论框架中推演出某种论点并加以论证的所谓"自上而下"的方式不同，本研究更倾向于采取"自下而上"与"自上而下"相结合并以前者为主的策略：走近教师的生活世界，倾听教师的声音，用叙事的方式尽可能保留实践中的情境、流动、机缘、感受，邀请读者一同倾听故事，并以此为基础展开对教师个人实践理论的理解，也期望通过立足中国现实土壤的研究为教育研究本土化做一点哪怕微不足道却是扎实的工作。

The first, do the research on pressure automatically generating device and control method, put forward a kind of standard pressure method of certain steps, and could occurrence pressure accurate, fast, stabilize and have no super adjust of creation which is pressure calibration instrument need; The second, aim at present conditions that a great deal of transducer and pointer gauges are all of applied, the automatically read system is researched, the automatical read system of pointer gauge become true by the method of image processing; The third, do the research on the temperature drift of standard pressure sensor, and carrying on the temperature compensation by linear of vicariate interpolation for improving measure accuracy.

采用图象处理的方法实现了对指针式压力仪表示值的自动判读；三是对标准传感器的温度漂移特性进行了研究，采用二元线性插值法进行补偿，以提高标准传感器的测量精度。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。