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Monocellular Raman spectrums of normal liver cell line (LO2) and carcinoma liver cell line (SMMC-7721) were studied with laser tweezers Raman spectrums system and each cell was investigated in three different points, the result of which showed; significant differences of average Raman spectrums were found between the normal cell and the carcinoma one; And, the spectra line of carcinoma cell became weak at the whole; Additionally, the spectral peak intensity ratio of normal cell at 1658cm^(-1) and 1450cm^(-1) was 0.63 while that of carcinoma was 0.99; Moreover, the structure and the amount of protein; nucleic acid, lipids and other such molecules had also changed.

本工作利用激光镊子拉曼光谱系统研究了人正常肝细胞株(LO2)和肝癌细胞株(SMMC-7721)的单细胞拉曼光谱，对于每个细胞在不同部位测三个点。实验结果显示：正常细胞和癌细胞的平均拉曼光谱存在显著差异；癌细胞谱线强度整体变弱；正常细胞的1658cm^(-1)处峰和1450cm^(-1)处峰的强度比值为0.63，癌细胞的为0.99；癌细胞的核酸、蛋白质、脂类等重要生物分子在结构或含量上都发生了不同的改变。

Furthermore,the changes of cell organelles realized different cell functions, which fiber for mechanical support,parenchyma cell for preservation and vessel for transportation.3.FE-SEM and DCR technique revealed the arrangements of CMfs on cell wall of fiber, parenchyma cell and vessel.Firstly,fiber cell formed multilamellate concentric structure with thin and thick lamellae alternate.

纤维、基本薄壁组织细胞、导管分子的终端分化就是PCD；并且PCD过程是一个具有较长周期的过程，周期长短比较为基本薄壁组织细胞＞纤维＞导管分子；三类细胞最后的凋亡决定于细胞内原生质体完全降解的时刻。

The results demonstrated that, by comparison with un-transgenic Roselle cell or callus, the critical plating cell density and critical initiating cell density of transgenic cell line were cut down 60% and 50%, respectively,the growth cycle of transgenic cell in suspension culture was shortened from 16 days to 12 days, and the specific growth rate of transgenic Roselle callus was raised 75%, the content of flavonoid compounds in transgenic Roselle cell line or callus was hardly altered.

研究结果表明，所获得的转基因玫瑰茄细胞系的临界植板细胞密度和临界起始细胞密度分别降低了60%和50%，悬浮细胞培养周期由16d缩短到12d，转化愈伤组织的比生长速率比对照提高了75%，转基因玫瑰茄细胞和愈伤组织中的花黄素含量与对照相比没有发生明显变化。

The efficiency of selection was monitored by comparing the number of phage recovered from the acid elution and cell lysate in each round,and by testing EGFR binding specificity of polyclonal phagescFv on CHOEGFRGFP1 and CHOK1 cell with cell ELISA. Bacterial PCR was used to select clones containing a 1 kb insert. Cell ELISA was used to determine EGFR binding specificity of monoclonal pscFv on EGFR positive and negative cell. The number of individual EGFRbinding clones was determined with nucleotide sequencing. Results 500fold enrichments were observed by tittering phages in the cell lysate after five rounds of selection.

以稳定转染的CHOEGFRGFP1细胞和未转染的CHOK1细胞分别作为EGFR阳性和阴性细胞，采用负筛选的方法进行筛选；通过比较每轮投入及洗脱出噬菌体的效价比以及细胞ELISA检测多克隆pscFv与阳性、阴性细胞结合情况对筛选过程进行监测；采用菌落PCR挑选含有全长scFv片断的菌落，进一步用细胞ELISA检测单克隆pscFv与EGFR阳性及阴性细胞结合特异性；挑选EGFR特异性单克隆pscFv采用DNA测序法确定克隆多样性。

More materil as took from resected specimen is helpful for finding more small cell carcinoma,there is poor prognosis in small cell carcinoma concomitant with squamous cell carcinoma compared with squamous cell carcinoma alone,it is suggested that primary small cell carcinoma of esophagus might be derived from a totipotentiality primitive cell in the basal region of the squamous mucosa of the esophagus.

对手术切除标本足够取材有利于发现肿瘤的异源性成分；小细胞癌合并鳞癌者，预后较单纯鳞癌者差；本文结果支持食管小细胞癌起源于原始多潜能干细胞的观点。

Result and contrast group quite, active of CD4+T/CD8+T value and cell of the CD4+T before observing group method, NK cell is reduced apparently, and CD8+T cell is elevatory, after concerning; technique in installment with TNM 2 weeks relatively active of CD4+T/CD8+T value and cell of the CD4+T before art, NK cell is apparently elevatory, and the 4 A after CD8+T cell reduces; art is followed visit discovery, after afore-mentioned index change trends are the same as art 2 weeks, lift without recrudescent transferrer or reduce scope more remarkable.

结果和对照组比较，观察组术前CD4+T细胞、CD4+T/CD8+T值及NK细胞活性明显降低，而CD8+T细胞升高，和TNM分期有关；术后2周较术前CD4+T细胞、CD4+T/CD8+T值及NK细胞活性明显升高，而CD8+T细胞降低；术后4 a随访发现，上述指标变化趋向同术后2周，无复发转移者升高或降低幅度更显著。

In Part 1 of our research, BGSCs were sorted through immunomagnetic beads marking by CD133 and cultured in vitro, and character as a stem cell was identified by stem cell markers (CD133 and Nestin) and differentiated cell markers [ microtubule-associated protein 2(MAP2), glial acidic fibrillary protein and myelin basic protein] , ultrastructure observing with electron microscopeand engrafting to severe combined immunodeficiency mice for tumorigenesis test. The results were as following: Only a small subset of CD133+ glioma cells in glioma cell lines and fresh specimens from various pathologic grade could express stem cell markers CD133 and Nestin, view ultrastructure of a stem cell and be capacity of serial passage in culture. These CD133+ cells possese a marked capacity for multipotent differentiation and could differentiate into tumor cells expressing MAP2,β-TubulinⅢ, GFAP and MBP; When engrafted into SCID mice, they can generate and form tumors that phenotypically resembl the tumor from the patient.

在本课题中，在第一部分实验中采用以CD133为标志的免疫磁珠法从人脑胶质瘤组织和细胞株中分离脑胶质瘤干细胞并进行体外培养，通过免疫荧光技术检测干细胞标志物CD133、Nestin，诱导分化后检查分化细胞标志物MAP2、GFAP、MBP以及电镜超微结构观察和移植SCID鼠致瘤实验，对其干细胞特性加以鉴定，得到如下结果：不同病理分级的新鲜胶质瘤标本和胶质瘤细胞株中存在一小部分CD133+的胶质瘤细胞，能表达干细胞的标志物CD133和Nestin，符合干细胞的超微结构特点，体外培养能连续传代；具有多向分化潜能：诱导分化后能产生MAP2、β-TubulinⅢ、GFAP、MBP染色阳性的细胞；移植SCID鼠后能形成与亲本肿瘤表型一致的移植瘤。

Its main features are: algae body as a single cell or even into a variety of groups; cell walls composed of silica and pectin, but also by the structure of the shell and the shell under the combined set of the Cheng, vertical section view was "soap-box"-shaped; in the upper and lower shell surface of the shell are patterns arranged in patterns on both sides of the main mode of symmetry and radial symmetry is divided into two categories, for the classification of the most important basis; be able to campaign Type in the shell has a shell side seam, can not be changed no shell seam types; pigment body sheet or ribbon, 1 or 2, or for multiple small discoid, yellow green or brown, containing chlorophyll a, c, also contains fucoxanthin and silicon A flavin and other photosynthetic pigments; storage material mainly for oil droplets; reproduction mainly for cell division and cell division in diatoms obvious features are: each cell division, resulting from two sub-cells,, only one and the mother cell and so big, the other one is smaller.

其主要特征是：藻体为单细胞或连成各式群体；细胞壁由硅质和果胶质组成，而且在结构上都是由上壳和下壳套合而成，纵断面观呈&肥皂盒&形；在上下壳的壳面上有花纹，花纹排列的方式主要分为两侧对称和辐射对称两大类，为分类上的最重要依据；能运动的种类在壳面都有壳缝，不能动的种类均无壳缝；色素体片状或带状，1个或2个，或为多个小盘状，黄绿色或黄褐色，含叶绿素a、c，还含有墨角藻黄素和硅甲黄素等光合色素；贮藏物质主要为油滴；繁殖方式主要为细胞分裂，硅藻的细胞分裂的明显特点是：每次细胞分裂所产生的2个子细胞中，仅有1个和母细胞等大，另1个则稍小。

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转印条件可调，能在很大的分子量跨度上获得最佳转印效果*耐用的板式电极能产生强大而均一的电场，而且电极在槽内的位置灵活可换；不论运行1、2 或3 个转印夹，电极间距可调节到最小以获得最大的场强和转印效率*凝胶支架转印夹保证整个凝胶与印迹膜表面的均衡接触*转印夹的铰链设计能防止凝胶滑动，便于转印夹组装*颜色标记的转印夹及电极板确保在转印槽内的正确定向*特级冷却芯和冷却水循环器进行温度调节―可理想地用于天然酶或高强度转印，或用于延长转印时间时减少缓冲液的损耗*可选择的组装盘是凝胶三明治和转印夹组装的理想选择 Trans-Blot Plus 转印槽能从单向和双向大格式凝胶上均一、高效地转移蛋白―配合使用新推出的 PowerPac HC 电源，多数蛋白都可在1530 分钟内完成转印。

Since an excessive cell growth is considered as the main pathological event, cell proliferation model occupy most of the animal models, and these cells include retinal pigment epithelial cell, fibroblast cell, cartilage cell and vascular endothelial cell.

由于PVR的主要病理变化是细胞的过度增生，因而动物模型多以细胞增生模型为主，细胞种类有视网膜色素上皮细胞、成纤维细胞、软骨细胞、血管内皮细胞等。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。