查询词典 cell nucleus

(1) Verification of the expressions of Cfos in caudate nucleus, putamen, globus pallidus, hippocamp, nuclei ventrolaterales thalami, parv ocellular reticular nucleus, dorso lateral magnocellular nucleus after rats subarachnoid hemorrhage are variation with different phases.(2) There are certain relationships between subarachnoid hemorrhage and different phases.

（1）大鼠蛛网膜下腔出血后不同时相Cfos在脑膜、脑皮质区及尾壳核、苍白球、海马、背侧丘脑腹后外侧核、小细胞网状核、背侧旁巨细胞核中都有表达且表达量随时相改变；（2）大鼠蛛网膜下腔出血后相关症状与不同时相Cfos在脑中表达之间存在着相关联系，具有规律性。

Stage I of both male and female stone flounder appears only once in all its life, and the germ cells are comprised by spermatogonia or oogonia. The gonad from Mar to Aug keeps at stage II. The gonad index of testis at this stage is 0.037%, and the amount of spermatogonia is increased quickly. There is some linear germ plasm in the cytoplasm of spermatogina. In ovary at this stage it is mostly composed by oocyte of phase 2 which the character is the appearance of yolk nucleus, and no zona radiate in membrane. The mean GI of ovary is 1.95%. From Sep to Oct gonad is at stage III which testis is composed by lots of spermatogina and few spermatocytes, and the mean GI of testis at this stage is 0.086%. In ovary the ooctyes at phase 3 are in dominate position, the yolk nucleus disappear. And the GI of this stage is 3.35%. Both testis and ovary are at stage IV in Nov. hi testis the germ cells are in spermiogenesis, and the mean GI is 0.93%. hi ovary the oocytes are mostly at phase 4, which are filled in the cytoplasm with vitellin granule, and the zona radiate in membrane begins to formation. Nucleus moves to one side of the oocyte gradually. The mean GI of ovary at this stage is 9.37%.

在每年的3月-8月期间性腺处于Ⅱ期，此期精巢中精原细胞明显增多，胞质局部可见有线状的生殖质存在，平均成熟系数为0.037％；卵巢中以2时相卵母细胞为主，可见细胞质中出现强嗜碱性的卵黄核，细胞外由一层滤泡细胞包围，但尚无放射带，平均成熟系数为1.95％。9月-10月期间性腺处于Ⅲ期，此期精巢中仍有大量精原细胞，同时可见部分精母细胞，平均成熟系数为0.086％；卵巢中以3时石鲜孟加限加$玩印面n洲匆s性腺发生、分化及发育的周年变化相卵母细胞为主，细胞质中的卵黄核己消失，平均成熟系数为3.35%。11月性腺处于IV期，此期精巢内精细胞正处于不同的形成过程中，平均成熟系数为0.93%；卵巢中以4时相卵母细胞为主，胞质中充满染成桔红色的卵黄颗粒。

Hypothalamus, paraventricular nucleus, supraoptic nucleus and amygdaloid nucleus. Conclusion: Above mentioned nuclei might involve in rat abdomino pain which is caused by peritoneal noxious stimulation, which offers groundwork of experiment for further studying killing pain with nervous biology.

T6~L3脊髓后角、延髓孤束核、臂旁核、蓝斑核、下丘脑、室旁核、视上核、杏仁核与大鼠腹膜伤害性刺激造成的腹痛有关，本研究为进一步进行神经生物学研究镇痛机制提供了实验依据。

On the other hand, the imaginary part of our potential between kaon and nucleus is similar to that between nucleon and nucleus, but the real part of the potential between kaon and nucleus is much deeper and narrower in radial distribution.

另外，与核子-核势相比较，对于虚部势，K核的WoodsSaxon势与核子-核的很相似，但是对于实部，K核势要更深更窄一些。

Fulwiler CE, Saper CP. Subnuclear organization of the efferent connections of the parabrachial nucleus in the rat. Brian Res 1984;319:229-259.[2]Herbert H, Moga MM, Saper CB. Connections of the parabrachial nucleus with the nucleus of the solitary tract and the medullary reticular formation in the rat. J Comp Neurol 1990;293:540-580.[3]Slugg RM, Light R.

三叉神经脊束间质核(interstitial nucleus of the spinal trigeminal tract， INV)为位于延髓闩平面附近三叉神经脊束内及其周围的一些核团，由中、小型梭形、圆形或卵圆形细胞组成，经三叉神经的分支和迷走、舌咽神经接受外周内脏和躯体感觉信息[6，7]。

The effects and mechanism of GABAergic neurons, NOergic neurons, opioid peptide and cyclic adenosine monophosphate in the nucleus reticularis thalami on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats and the effects and mechanism of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from the nucleus raphes dorsalis to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats were investigated with the methods of brain stereotaxic, nucleus spile, microinjection and polysomngraphy.1. The effects of GABAergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats1.1 Microinjection of 3-mercaptopropionic acid (3-MP, a kind of glutamate decarboxylase inhibitor) into RT. On the day of microinjection, sleep only decreased a litter. On the second day, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. On the third and fourth day, sleep and wakefulness stages resumed to normal.1.2 Microinjection of gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA 1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control; while microinjection of L-glutamate (L-Glu, 0.2μg) decreased sleep and increased wakefulness; microinjection of bicuculline (BIC, 1.0μg), a GABAA receptor antagonist, enhanced wakefulness and reduced sleep; microinjection of baclofen (BAC, 1.0μg), GABAB receptor agonist, had the same effects as GABA.2. The effects of NOergic neurons in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats2.1 Microinjection of L-arginine (L-Arg, 0.5μg) into RT decreased sleep compared with control, but there were on statistaical difference between L-Arg group and control; while microinjection of sodium nitroprusside (SNP, 0.2μg), a NO donor into RT, sleep marked decreased and wakefulness marked increased. Microinjection of nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine (L-NNA, 2.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.2.2 After simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and SNP (0.2μg) into RT, SNP abolished the sleep-promoting effect of L-NNA compared with L-NNA group; after simultaneous microinjection of L-NNA (2.0μg) and L-Arg(0.5μg) into RT, we found that L-NNA could not blocked the wakefulness-promoting effect of L-Arg.3. The effects of opioid peptide in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats3.1 Microinjection of morphine sulfate (MOR, 1.0μg) into RT increased wakefulness and decreased sleep compared with control; while microinjection of naloxone hydrochloride (NAL, 1.0μg), the antagonist of opiate receptors, into RT, enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness.3.2 After simultaneous microinjection of MOR (1.0μg) and NAL (1.0μg) into RT, the wakefulness-promoting effect of MOR and the sleep-promoting effect of NAL were not observed compared with control.4. The effects of cAMP in RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats Microinjection of cAMP (1.0μg) into RT increased sleep and decreased wakefulness compared with control; microinjection of methylene blue (MB,1.0μg) into RT enhanced sleep and reduced wakefulness compared with control.5. The effects of the 5-HTergic nerve fibers project from DRN to RT on sleep-wakefulness cycle of rats5.1 When L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and normal sodium (NS,1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT. We found that sleep was decreased and wakefulness was increased compared with control; when L-Glu (0.2μg) was microinjected into DRN and methysergide (MS,1.0μg), a non-selective 5-HT antagonist, was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was enhanced and wakefulness was reduced compared with L-Glu group.5.2 When p-chlorophenylalanine (PCPA, 10μg) was microinjected into DRN and NS (1.0μg) was microinjected into bilateral RT, We found that sleep was increased and wakefulness was decreased compared with control; microinjection of 5-hydroxytryptaphan (5-HTP, 1.0μg), which can convert to 5-HT by the enzyme tryptophane hydroxylase and enhance 5-HT into bilateral RT, could block the effect of microinjection of PCPA into DRN on sleep-wakefulness cycle.

本研究采用脑立体定位、核团插管、微量注射、多导睡眠描记等方法，研究丘脑网状核(nucleus reticularis thalami，RT)中γ-氨基丁酸(gamma-amino butyric acid ，GABA)能神经元、一氧化氮(nitrogen monoxidum，NO)能神经元、阿片肽类神经递质、环一磷酸腺苷(cyclic adenosine monophosphate，cAMP)及中缝背核(nucleus raphes dorsalis，DRN)至RT的5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine，5-HT)能神经纤维投射对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响及其作用机制。1 RT内GABA能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响1.1大鼠RT内微量注射GABA合成关键酶抑制剂3-巯基丙酸(3-MP，5μg)，注射当天睡眠时间略有减少，第二日睡眠时间显著减少，觉醒时间明显增多，第三、四日睡眠和觉醒时间逐渐恢复至正常。1.2大鼠RT内微量注射GABA受体激动剂GABA( 1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加，觉醒时间减少；而RT内微量注射L-谷氨酸(glutamic acid， L-Glu， 0.2μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAA受体阻断剂荷包牡丹碱(bicuculline，BIC，1.0μg)后，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增加；RT内微量注射GABAB受体激动剂氯苯氨丁酸(baclofen，BAC，1.0μg)后，产生了与GABA相似的促睡眠效果。2 RT内NO能神经元对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响2.1大鼠RT内微量注射NO的前体L-精氨酸(L-Arg，0.5μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间略有减少，但无显著性意义；而RT内微量注射NO的供体硝普钠(Sodium Nitroprusside，SNP，0.2μg)后可明显增加觉醒时间，缩短睡眠时间；微量注射一氧化氮合酶抑制剂L-硝基精氨酸(L-arginine，L-NNA，2.0μg)后，引起睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。2.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和SNP(0.2μg)后与L-NNA组比较发现SNP逆转了L-NNA的促睡眠作用；RT内同时微量注射L-NNA(2.0μg)和L-Arg(0.5μg)后，与L-NNA(2.0μg)组比较发现L-Arg可以增加觉醒而缩短睡眠，其促觉醒作用未能被NOS的抑制剂L-NNA所逆转。3 RT内阿片肽对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响3.1大鼠RT内微量注射硫酸吗啡(morphine sulfate，MOR，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组对比，睡眠时间减少而觉醒时间增加； RT内微量注射阿片肽受体拮抗剂盐酸纳洛酮(naloxone hydrochloride，NAL，1.0μg)后与生理盐水组比较，睡眠时间增加而觉醒时间减少。3.2大鼠RT内同时微量注射MOR(1.0μg)和NAL(1.0μg)后，与生理盐水组对比，原有的MOR促觉醒效果和NAL的促睡眠效果都没有表现。4 RT内环一磷酸腺苷信使对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响大鼠RT内微量注射cAMP(1.0μg)后与NS(1.0μg)组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少；RT内微量注射亚甲蓝(methylene blue，MB，1.0μg)后，与NS组比较，睡眠时间增多而觉醒时间减少。5中缝背核投射到丘脑网状核的5-羟色胺能神经纤维对大鼠睡眠-觉醒周期的影响5.1大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 0.2μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多；大鼠DRN内微量注射L-Glu(0.2μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射二甲基麦角新碱(methysergide， MS， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射L-Glu 0.2μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少。5.2大鼠DRN内微量注射对氯苯丙氨酸(p-chlorophenylalanine，PCPA，10μg)，同时在双侧RT内微量注射NS (1.0μg)后，与对照组(DRN和双侧RT注射NS， 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间增多，觉醒时间减少；大鼠DRN内微量注射PCPA(10μg)，产生睡眠增多效应后，在双侧RT内微量注射5-羟色胺酸(5-hydroxytryptaphan ， 5-HTP， 1.0μg )后，与对照组(DRN注射PCPA 10μg，双侧RT注射NS 1.0μg)比较，睡眠时间减少，觉醒时间增多。

A549 cells are more sensitive to CDDP-induced apoptosis(P.01) and less sensitive to THP andβ-Ele-induced apoptosis than A375p(P.01, P.05 respectively). Condensation and crack of nucleus and apoptotic bodies appeared in apoptotic cells of A549 and A375p cell lines in all treated groups and necrocytosis were to be seen in some groups. Fluorescence imaging experiments demonstrated that accumulation of iASPP in cytoplasm but little distribution in nucleus in all groups. untreated groups in two cell lines presented a bright-green colour,followed by CDDP-treated groups,and THP-treated groups is the darkest one in all groups.

免疫荧光显示，未加药物处理的A549和A375p细胞胞质染色均匀呈亮绿色，核区较暗；CDDP及β-Ele处理组细胞为暗绿色，其中可见皱缩的凋亡细胞；THP处理的细胞胞质荧光弱呈灰绿色，由于THP嵌入DNA自发红色荧光与二抗的绿色荧光中和，胞核被染成桔红色，结果提示药物处理后A549和A375p细胞中iASPP的表达有不同程度的下降。

In the normal group, electron microscopy showed normal chondrocytes were oval, and cells and cell membrane were intact. In cytoplasm, there were abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum, dictyosome, and mitochondria with intact nucleus, and even chromatin. In the model group, chondrocytes exhibited obvious pyknosis and their shape was irregular. The areolae around cells disappeared; cell organs in cytoplasm coagulated to flaps which showed electron dense and was uneasy to observe; the shape of nucleus showed irregularity, and caryotin gathered densely.

电镜下正常对照组软骨细胞呈椭圆形，细胞及胞膜完整，包质内可见丰富的粗面内质网、高尔基体、线粒体，细胞核完整，染色质分布均匀；模型对照组软骨细胞明显固缩且外形不规则，细胞周晕消失，胞浆内细胞器凝成高电子密度的片状物不易分辨，细胞核不规则，染色质浓聚，散裂于核中。

Two polar nuclei move to the micropylar end before sperm is released in a gap between the egg cell and central cell and subsequently taking off cytoplasm one after another. The sperm nucleus moving to the egg nucleus runs faster than the one to the polar nuclei. It fuses with the polar nuclei that are moving towards the antipodal cells at the chalazal end.

精子释放前，两极核移向卵细胞的合点端；两精子释放于卵细胞与中央细胞的间隙后，先后脱去细胞质，然后分别移向卵核和极核，移向卵核的精核快于移向极核的精核；精核与两极核在向反足细胞团方向移动的过程中完成雌雄核融合。

Two polar nuclei move to the micropylar end before sperm is released in a gap between the egg cell and central cell and subsequently taking off cytoplasm one after another. The sperm nucleus moving to the egg nucleus runs faster than the one to the polar nuclei. It fuses with the polar nuclei that are moving towards the antipodal cells at the chalazal end, Images showed the fusion process of male and female nuclei and polyspermous fertilization.

精子释放前，两极核移向卵细胞的合点端；两精子释放于卵细胞与中央细胞的间隙后，先后脱去细胞质，然后分别移向卵核和极核，移向卵核的精核快于移向极核的精核；精核与两极核在向反足细胞团方向移动的过程中完成雌雄核融合。

"Bird Man's Diary, Butting on the Love Island", Changsha, China

2008年"鸟人日记，顶在爱情岛"，中国长沙

As long as they were in the service of a family of wizards, their magic would remain dormant.

只要他们一天为家庭服务，他们的法力就潜藏不动。