查询词典 cell membrane

Reactive oxygen species causing DNA oxidative damage comes from two kinds of ways:one is from cellular normal physiological metabolism;the other is from outer environment.Redox-sensitive green fluorescent protein was expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.Recombinant cells were evaluated in monitoring the changes in the redox state of living cells when challenged with toxicologically relevant metal ions NaAsO_2 or Pb(NO_3)_2 by measuring emission intensity at 510 nm with a Hitachi F6500 fluorescence spectrophotometer,roGFP expressed in yeast responded not only to typical membrane-permeant oxidants H_2O_2 and reductants DTT,but also to toxicological metal ion-induced intracellular redox changes in a dose-dependent manner.Moreover,exposure of yeast cells to NaAsO_2 or Pb(NO_3)_2 at concentrations that induced redox changes reported by roGFP caused up to 2～3 fold increases in DNA mutation frequency.This mutagenic effect was largely caused by oxidative stress since blocking the production of hydryl radicals with thiourea significantly reduced the mutation rate as well as delayed the cell death.

本文将对氧化还原状态变化敏感的绿色荧光蛋白roGFP1-R12，在酵母细胞中实现了多拷贝强表达；荧光扫描经强氧化剂H_2O_2和还原剂DTT以及环境中重金属NaAsO_2或Pb(NO_3)_2处理后的酵母细胞悬液，测定510 nm处的荧光发射强度结果显示，表达的绿色荧光蛋白对氧化还原水平敏感，且在510 nm处的荧光强度与一定的重金属浓度呈正相关，即roGFP1-R12在510nm处的荧光发射值随重金属浓度的增高而增强，从而说明重金属对细胞的毒性在一定程度上很可能是通过破坏细胞内的氧化还原平衡发生作用；同时通过该绿色荧光蛋白对胞内氧化还原状态变化的响应情况可以来实时检测环境中的重金属；遗传学的点突变频率及致死率实验数据表明，重金属能导致菌体的点突变频率和致死率升高，且活性氧的清除剂巯基脲能明显降低这种点突变和致死率，说明由重金属引发的这种点突变和致死效应在很大程度上是依赖于重金属对细胞诱导产生的氧化胁迫。

The results showed that some holes on the nuclear membrane of the two kinds of the cells besides normal cell structures and there are some secretive pellets of protein with more high density of electronics around the nuclear of the cells, these pellets maybe is the regulatory matter of living things growth and around o'clock section rule, It is important to sturdy the ultrastructure of brain tissues and the physiological function of Tupaia belangeri chinensis .

利用电镜观察了树鼠句Tupaia belangeri chinensis的脑垂体和松果体细胞的超微结构，结果显示这两类细胞除了有正常细胞结构外，核膜孔较大且在核周围还有一些电子密度不同，大小不一的蛋白质分泌颗粒，这些颗粒可能是生物个体调节各种生理生化功能、生长发育和昼夜节律的信使物质，这对进一步研究树鼠句脑组织结构及其生理功能有一定意义

ANP and CX43 began to express at 2nd week after induction and increased gradually,about 60% of the resulting myogenic cells were positive at 4th week after induction ,they were negative for uninduced cells.hMSCs'surface antigen profiles obtained by Flow Cytometry were negative for CD31\CD34\CD45 before and after induction,but CD90 expressed higher after induction while was weak positive before induction(P.05). Apotosis index was correlated with the cultural time after induction,The apoptosis rate of induced hMSCs was remarkably higher than control group(P.01),and the variation between groups was notable(P.05),the cell cycle analysis showed that the percentages of G_0/G_1phases were reduced significantly after induction. The expresstion levels ofβ-MHC and CTNT mRNA were undetectable before induction,began to increase at 1st、4th week after induction,reached the peak at 6th week and decreased after that,the expression of Bcl-2 and Bax mRNA varied regularly after treated with 5-azacytidine. hMSCs'resting membrane potential、range and rate of depolarization were heightened gradually after being induced.

结果：hMSCs诱导前为纺锤形，诱导后第2天部分细胞即开始发生形变，呈球形或短棒状，1周后胞浆中颗粒增多，约20～30%细胞边缘呈毛刷样变化；hMSCs表面抗原CD31、CD34、CD45在诱导前后差异无统计学意义，CD90未诱导时表达呈弱阳性，诱导后明显增高(P.05)；ANP和CX43在诱导前无表达，诱导后第2周开始表达且表达随时间逐渐增强，但CX43在诱导后第5周表达量开始降低。hMSCs诱导后凋亡指数随诱导后培养时间增加，低浓度诱导组低于标准浓度诱导组，组间差异有统计学意义(P.05)，G_0/G_1期细胞比例诱导后较对照组显著减少(P.05)；β-MHC和CTNT基因分别在诱导后第1周和第4周时表达开始增强，在第6周时均达到高峰，第8周时表达开始衰减，Bcl-2、Bax基因表达呈时间依赖性变化，hMSCs经诱导后随心肌样细胞特征的表达膜静息电位、去极化幅值和去极化速率逐渐增高。

Recombinant endostatin is a specific inhibitor of chick chorioallantoic membrane angiogenesis and human vitelline vein endothelial cell ECV-304 proliferation. The recombinant endostatin regressed established syngeneic B16 melanoma tumor in mice.

重组内皮抑素能够抑制鸡胚尿囊膜血管生成和人脐静脉内皮细胞ECV-304的增殖，在小鼠体内实验中对黑色素瘤产生良好的抑瘤效果（P＜0.01）。

Methods: models of traumatic knee injury were made with zelanian rabbits and were divided into three groups by different time for postoperative function exercise . group a, fixed just after operation; group b, fixed 24 h after operation; group c, fixed 72 h after operation. range of knee joint motion was measured after 30 days, the epithelial cell of synovial membrane and its proliferation, collagen fiber proliferation were observed.

采用新西兰兔制成膝关节创伤模型，然后按功能锻炼时机不同分为术后不固定组；术后固定24 h组；术后固定72 h组3组，30 d后测量膝关节活动度，观察滑膜上皮细胞以及细胞增生、胶原纤维增生情况。

The Hedgehog morphogen governs cell differentiation and proliferation in a diverse array of patterning events in many animal species, ranging from insects to mammals. The seven-transmembrane protein Smoothened transduces the HH signal across the plasma membrane but molecular mechanisms of its activation are poorly understood. Zhao et al .

Hedgehog形态发生素在从昆虫到哺乳动物在内的很多不同动物物种的各种不同成形事件中决定细胞的分化和增殖。7-跨膜蛋白Smo跨越胞质膜传导Hh信号，但科学家对Smo激发的分子机制却很不了解。

Chronic psychological stress can increase GC in Plasma and brain by HPAA. There are plentiful GR on Hippocam--pal cell membranes. It promote presynapitic membrane assoiling EAAs when GC combines with GR.

心理应激通过 HPAA 使血浆及脑组织中的 GC 升高，海马神经元细胞膜上存在丰富的 GR ， GC 与 GR 结合后，可促进神经元突触前膜释放兴奋性氨基酸。

A cancer cell in an epithelial layer is trapped unless it can force through the basement membrane, which cordons off the tissue.

除非上皮层内的癌细胞能突破基底膜-组织间的&封锁线&，否则会被束缚在上皮层内。

The ultrastructure of normal guinea pig papillary muscle cell showing the sarcomere and light dark band were clear, mitochondria and glycogenosome were abundant, and mitochondrial cristae and membrane were clear.

正常豚鼠乳头状肌细胞在透射电镜下显示肌节排列整齐，细胞核周线粒体和糖原颗粒含量非常丰富，且线粒体嵴和膜清晰可见。

Dinoflagellate have many traits different from prokaryotes and eukaryotes:the cells have nuclei, but the nuclear membrane is discontinuous; There are many chromosomes in the nuclei, but the chromosomes remain permanently condensed during cell cycle; The cristae of mitocondria is tubular, and the cells have no typical endoplasmic reticulum.

甲藻细胞虽有核膜，但双层核膜不连续；有多个形态结构完整的染色体，但染色体在整个生命周期中永远处于高度凝集状态，DNA纤维的折叠方式与典型真核生物中期染色体完全不同；线粒体的嵴为管状。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。