查询词典 caving

Through the comparison between at home and abroad, caving has developed on the stage of mature, organization and implementation of caving is perfect, the participants includes not only professional researchers but also a avocational lovers, the caving in our country is in its developing stage, and the caving technology and equipments are backward, caving security system is not complete, the participants are only the professional researchers and has not reach the stage which is popular.

通过对国内外洞穴探险发展的对比研究，指出洞穴探险在国外已经发展到了成熟阶段，洞穴探险的组织实施以及洞穴探险保障体系也发展地较为完善，参与洞穴探险的不仅仅是洞穴研究人员，更多的是业余的洞穴爱好者。

Aiming at bottom roof caving and support impact problems induced with abrupt large scale caving upper roof in face 21303 of Daliuta mine, this paper put forward the motion parameter at roof caving and calculation formula of roof shear breaking force with the help of theorem of momentum, theorem of moment of momentum and D' Alembert principle. Roof caving process was simulated by Ansys Ls-DYNA program, and maxim impact force was got. The theoretical research outcomes in the paper were applied in face 21303 of Daliuta mine, and were accordant with actual observing status of roof caving process.

针对神东煤炭公司大柳塔煤矿活井21303综采工作面，上层采空区顶板突然大规模垮落对下层顶板及支架的突然冲击问题，文章采用动量定理、动量矩定理、达朗伯原理推出了顶板垮落瞬间的运动量及顶板切顶垮落所需要的剪力值计算公式，用ANSYS LS-DYNA程序对顶板垮落过程进行了数值计算，得到了最大冲击力，在大柳塔煤矿活井21303综采工作面对顶板垮落特征进行了实际观测和理论成果验证。

At the same time, a computer aided ore drawing control system for the block caving of Chengchao Iron Mine is developed. This may promote the management level of block caving and finally increase economic benefit of the mine.

同时，开发了程潮铁矿矿块崩落法放矿计算机辅助管理系统，该系统可以提高矿块崩落法放矿的现代化管理水平，提高矿山企业的经济效益。

Supporting type is suggested to be developed into 3-prop to improve adaptability besides 2-prop and 4-prop. The difference of caving difficulty degree of coal seam is the base of caving coal method at high, medium and low position. Caving with small step and open caving flashboard used widely not only cause serious mixture of coal and rock but also hinder the improvement of top coal recovery. So we suggest caving with large step or closing caving door. Four-bar-mechanism of hydraulic support restricts development of new style caving powered support. Stabilization framework of expansion link and all-shield caving tail beam at high, medium and low position are introduced here.

支架支护型式，除了两柱、四柱以外，建议开发三柱支架以改善适应性；煤层冒放性的差异，是高位、中位和低位放煤方法存在和使用的依据；目前广泛采用的小步距放煤和开放式放煤插板不仅造成严重混矸漏矸，也妨碍顶煤回收率的进一步提高，建议采用大步距放煤和可关闭放煤口；液压支架四连杆稳定机构，制约了新型放顶煤液压支架的开发，介绍了液压支架伸缩杆稳定机构及全掩护拖移高位、中位和低位放煤尾梁。

This paper introduces the ore drawing process with the natural caving method and the characteristics of each stage, expounds the flow of the ore drawing management with the natural caving method , and probes into some measures that should be adopted in the special condition to reduce the interfusion of waste rock.

介绍了自然崩落法的放矿过程及各阶段的特点，阐述了自然崩落法放矿管理流程，探讨了在特殊条件下应采取的特殊措施，以减少废石的混入。

On the practice basis of fully mechanized sublevel caving of hard and thick coal, a discrete element software was used to do simulation test and influence of crack in process of mining coal on the top-coal caving and the development process of the fracture were analyzed, which could be used to determine the top coal caving characteristics.

分析了倾斜厚煤层顶煤裂隙和顶煤可放性的影响因素，在硬、厚煤层综采放顶煤现场实践的基础上，运用离散元软件进行了模拟试验，分析了煤层在采动过程中形成的裂隙对顶煤冒落的影响以及裂隙的发育过程，据此判断顶煤的冒放性。

In view of the problem of deep deposits caving minning, through the recalling of deep deposit caving mining new technologies, sublevel caving with throughout-frontal ore drawing is put forward, which can recall all of the rocks of the ore, and the ore has the best recovery parameters, the high extraction strength, more favorable conditions of work safety.

针对深厚矿床崩落开采法的问题，通过回顾深部矿床崩落开采法的新技术，提出改进的端部放矿分段崩落采矿法，在矿井能够从跨落的岩石下回收所有的矿石，具有最好的矿石回收参数，高开采强度，较有利的安全的工作条件。

The trial results show that with the disposal of induced caving roof by presplitting blasting and induced caving roof blasting, about 17.8 m in thickness of rock cushion is successfully formed in the inferior abandoned stope, which can bring down the harm of dashing blast of an explosion caused by roof collapse; apparent run-through flaws arise between presplitting blasting holes, and controllable caving is formed in the roof, abrupt collapse of large area roof is prevented, the productional safe surroundings of underground mining is improved; eventually, the resources' reclamation rate is improved from about 70% to 84.6%, and the dilution rate is abated from 25%40% to below 15%, so efficiently withdrawing is actualized.

试验结果表明：采用预裂爆破与诱导崩顶爆破的方法，通过对顶板的诱导崩落处理，成功地在下方采空区形成了厚度为17.8 m左右的岩石缓冲垫层，有效地降低顶板冒落带来的冲击气浪危害；在预裂孔间产生明显的贯通裂隙，从而在顶板上形成诱导可控崩落，防止顶板大面积的突然垮落，改善地下开采安全生产环境；最终资源的回收率由70%左右提高到84.6%，贫化率由25%~40%降低到15%以下，实现了资源的高效回收。

The text obtains some data that caving span of immediate roof is 30m, caving span of main roof at first weighting is 42m and caving span of main roof at periodic weighting is 14m. Mining influence range is determined about 40m through numerical modeling, namely about three advance pillars were in the range of mining influence.

利用数值模拟得出煤柱采场直接顶的垮落步距为30m，老顶的初次来压步距为42m，老顶的周期来压步距为14m；通过模拟超前支承压力，确定了采动影响范围约为40m，即采场超前的三个煤柱都在影响之内。

Research on coal caving characteristics and caving technology for fully mechanized top coal caving mining face in thick seam with complicated parting structure;2. On the basis of mechanical property test of rock, the characteristic of combination system for coal and rock parting were thoroughly studied.

在煤岩力学性能试验的基础上，对煤矸组合系统的力学特性进行了较为深入的分析，揭示了含夹矸顶煤的破碎机理，建立了确定含夹矸层厚度上限值的方法，由此提出了提高含夹矸顶煤冒放性的主要技术措施，并在现场应用中取得了满意的效果。

In the United States, chronic alcoholism and hepatitis C are the most common ones.

在美国，慢性酒精中毒，肝炎是最常见的。

If you have any questions, you can contact me anytime.

如果有任何问题，你可以随时联系我。