查询词典 cathode current

The cathode phenomena in hollow cathode arc discharge in vacuum wereinvestigated systematically. The influence of welding parameters on active zone ofhollow cathode , arc appearance and voltage-ampere curve was investigated.

小电流的发散态电弧能量密度低，柔性大，可作为局部加热热源进行真空钎焊；大电流的可作为理想的熔焊热源，进行各种难熔易氧化金属在真空条件下的高质量焊接。

Through designing of composition and structure of the bioactive graded coating,innerstress and its distribution in the coating were analyzed and calculated, the resultsshowed that when composition distribution coefficient n was 1.5, a reasonable stressdistribution could be got, that was at the beginning of deposition the suspension containingrichly BG granules was used so that a rich BG granules layer, a good transitional layerbetween BG layer at the bottom and the coating could be obtained at the titanium alloy side,the bottom of the coating; the stress value near the interface and surface and its character,pressure stress or tensile stress, were decided by the character of its composition itself.Changing composition distribution coefficient n could only change the variation tendency ofstress in the coating, but did not change the stress distribution rule in the coating. Thethinner the coating is, the sharper stress variation in the coating is, which does not mean thatthicker coating is better because the thicker the coating is, the little the permitteddeformation of coating is, so the coating thickness should be thinner, for example, about50μm for bending applications, but for applications only bearing pure shear stress, such asroot of tooth implant, the coating can be thicker little, for instance, about 80～100μm. The study on electrification characteristic and electrophoresis deposition of HAand BG granules in aqueous and non-aqueous solution system found that EPD almost didn'toccur in aqueous solution system. However, because HA granules take position charges inabsolute alcohol, a homogeneous EPD be carried out on the cathode titanium alloy slice, but taking negative charge in absolute alcohol the BG granules not be deposited on the cathode. A guided HA crystallizing, 100～300nm, on surface of the BG granules be realized by metathetical reaction, which cover BG granules with HA microcrystals and make the covered BG granules taking position charges in absolute alcohol, sequentially realize the EPCD of the BG and HA granules on the cathode, so it is feasible to make a titanium alloy/BG/HA bioactive graded coating by making use of EPCD technology. The corrosion experiment of rich boron bioglass coating and plasma spray coating showed that split phase, rich boron and rich silicon phase, occurred during its preparation. In basic medium the corrosion behavior of 〓 BG coating showed uniformity corrosion, the corrosion mostly occurred at rich boron phase area, therefore batch formula design of BGshould avoid the occurring of split phase. The corrosion appearance of plasma spray coatingappeared a non-uniform corrosion, mostly occurred at the edge of the laminated HA moltendrops, and emerged an accelerated corrosion tendency, which will easyly lead to corrosioncrackles extending to the interface and the happening of osmotic interfacial corrosion, thatmay be one of the major reasons leading to the coating cracking-off in the later period. Thetesting results of thermal expansion coefficient of 〓 and 〓BG showed the thermalexpansion coefficient of 〓 BG matched with that of titanium alloy better, and 〓 BG couldsinter with titanium alloy into densification enamel layer at low temperature (720℃).

将Ti6Al4V合金在1000℃下进行真空热处理会降低其力学性能，且合金内的V元素会向表面富集，因此，钛合金真空热处理和表面涂层的烧结温度不能过高，即应低于其相转变点；通过对生物活性梯度涂层的组成和结构的设计，分析和计算了梯度涂层内的应力大小和分布，结果表明：对于本研究，当成分分布系数n=1.5时，可以获得较合理的涂层力学性能，即在沉积开始时，采用富含BG颗粒的悬浮液，以便在钛合金侧获得同底层BG有良好过渡的富BG涂层；梯度涂层界面和表面的应力大小、性质由材料组成本身的性质决定，改变成分分布系数，只能改变涂层内应力变化的趋势；涂层的厚薄不影响涂层内的应力分布规律，但涂层越薄，涂层内的应力变化越快，但这并不意味着涂层越厚越好，因为涂层越厚，涂层允许的变形越小，对于应用于弯曲受力部位的涂层而言，涂层应薄一点为好(50μm)；而对于仅纯受剪切应力的部位，如牙根种植体，涂层可适当加厚(80～100μm)；通过对HA和BG颗粒在水溶液体系和非水溶液体系中的带电特性和电泳沉积的研究发现，它们在水溶液体系中很难发生电沉积；在无水乙醇溶液中，HA颗粒带正电，可在阴极钛合金片上发生均匀的电泳沉积，而BG颗粒则带负电荷；利用复分解反应法，可以制得100～300nm的HA，通过诱导HA在BG颗粒表面结晶，可对BG颗粒进行表面包覆，获得了被HA包覆的BG颗粒，改变了BG颗粒表面的带电特性，使BG和HA颗粒在无水乙醇中均带上正电荷，从而实现了HA和BG颗粒在阴极上的共沉积。

Due to the cathode oxidizability and electrolyte instability, some primary reactions, such as electrolyte decomposition, cathode materials dissolution and self-heating redox reaction, arised at the cathode/electrolytes interface in Li-ion batteries, which deteriorated the electrochemical properties and safety of the batteries.

锂离子电池中的正极/电解液界面反应：电解液的氧化分解、正极材料腐蚀溶解及正极材料的自热氧化还原反应等，均能对电池的电化学性能和安全特性产生不良影响。

Trans-Blot Cells and Systems 170-3825 Trans-Blot Cell With Wire Electrodes and PowerPac HC Power Supply, 100120/220240 V, includes 2 gel holder cassettes, buffer tank, lid with power cables, 4 fiber pads, 1 pack precut blot absorbent filter paper (15 x 20 cm), power supply, power cord, instructions 170-3850 Trans-Blot System With Plate Electrodes and PowerPac HC Power Supply, 100120/220240 V 170-3853 Trans-Blot System With Plate Electrodes, Super Cooling Coil, and PowerPac HC Power Supply, 100120/220240 V, includes 2 gel holder cassettes, buffer tank, lid with power cables, 4 fiber pads, 1 pack precut blot absorbent filter paper (15 x 20 cm), power supply, power cord, instructions 170-3910 Trans-Blot Cell With Wire Electrodes, includes 2 gel holder cassettes, buffer tank, lid with power cables, 4 fiber pads, 1 pack precut blot absorbent filter paper (15 x 20 cm) 170-3939 Trans-Blot Cell With Plate Electrodes and Super Cooling Coil, includes 2 gel holder cassettes, buffer tank, lid with power cables, 4 fiber pads, 1 pack precut blot absorbent filter paper (15 x 20 cm) 170-3946 Trans-Blot Cell With Plate Electrodes, includes 2 gel holder cassettes, buffer tank, lid with power cables, 4 fiber pads, 1 pack precut blot absorbent filter paper (15 x 20 cm) Trans-Blot Cell Accessories 170-3912 Super Cooling Coil, required for all high-intensity transfers 170-3913 Gel Holder Cassette, includes 2 fiber pads 170-3914 Fiber Pads, 15.5 x 20.5 cm, 6 170-3920 Trans-Blot Standard Wire Electrode Card, cathode 170-3921 Trans-Blot Standard Wire Electrode Card, anode 170-3922 Trans-Blot Cell Buffer Tank 170-3923 Trans-Blot Cell Lid With Power Cables 170-3943 Trans-Blot Platinum Anode Plate Electrode 170-3944 Trans-Blot Stainless-Steel Cathode Plate Electrode 170-3945 Trans-Blot Plate Electrode Pair, platinum anode and stainless-steel cathode 16 规格:说明: Trans-Blot Plus

电泳转印槽组件 1。缓冲液槽及带有电缆的盖 2。凝胶支架转印夹 3。纤维衬垫 4。电极丝 5。电极板 6。特级冷却芯 Trans-Blot 转印槽是功能灵活的转印设备，可理想地用于多种转印应用。Trans-Blot 转印槽特点包括：*能进行多胶转印，可容纳3 块PROTEAN I xi 凝胶、6块Criterion 凝胶、12块Mini-PROTEAN 3 或Ready Gel 预制胶*多组参数灵活可设，可调节的电压设置（从30 V 的过夜转印到200 V 的1 小时快速实验）*电极间距设置为8 cm 用于标准印迹杂交，或设置为4cm 用于高强度印迹杂交*可选择板式电极：涂有铂金的钛作为正极，不锈钢为负极，能提供高强度电场和比其它电极更高的电流密度。或选择较经济的铂金电极丝*通过特级冷却芯和水循环仪来调节温度―是天然酶（4°C）或高强度转印的理想选择，随着转印时间增加（多达24 小时），不会引起缓冲液耗竭（在高强度转印中必须使用冷却芯，也推荐用于所有板式电极的应用）*带铰链的凝胶支架转印夹能避免滑动，确保凝胶与印迹膜间的紧密接触；每个转印夹都有颜色标记以保证在转印槽中的正确定位 Trans-Blot 转印槽的锁闭凝胶支架转印夹系统。转印夹（1）支撑凝胶（2）印迹膜（3）两侧有纤维衬垫和滤纸（4）确保凝胶三明治内的完全接触。凝胶夹垂直插入缓冲液槽中（5）。

The invention discloses an electrochemical method for preparing a hydroxylapatite particle thin coating on the surface of a metal implant, which comprises the following steps: electrolyte is put into a container equipped with a constant temperature heating system and heated to be 30 DEG C to 95 DEG C, and then the temperature is kept; platinum is taken as the anode and evenly distributed around the container, and the metal implant is taken as the cathode, put in the middle of the container and totally soaked in the electrolyte; DC voltage of 2V to 4V is added between the anode and the cathode, the surface of the metal implant has cathode reduction reaction, the pH value is increased and the supersaturation degree of the hydroxylapatite is also increased, so as to crystalize on the surface of titanium; after 0.5h to 5h of deposition, a layer of hydroxylapatite particle thin coating which can be excellently adhered to the matrix metal is formed on the surface of the implant.

本发明公开了一种在金属植入体表面制备羟基磷灰石颗粒薄涂层的电化学方法，在装备了恒温加热系统的容器中装入电解液，并将电解液加热到30～95℃恒温；将铂作为阳极均匀分布在容器四周，金属植入体作为阴极置于容器中间，完全浸没在电解液中，两极之间加直流电压2～4V，金属植入体表面发生阴极还原反应，pH值升高，羟基磷灰石过饱和度增加，从而结晶在钛金属表面；经过0.5～5小时沉积后，在植入体表面即可形成一层与基体金属结合优良的、薄的羟基磷灰石颗粒薄涂层。

Besides, the influences of different kinds of cathode blocks on the thermo-electric distribution in the lining were studied. The results showed that, with the increase of the content of graphite or the graphitized degree in the cathode blocks, the thermal gradient and voltage drop in the cathode decreased greatly; the liquidus isotherms moved toward the end wall and side wall in the vertical direction, but moved little in the firebricks.

此外，通过研究阴极炭块种类对内衬中电热场的影响，发现随着炭块石墨含量的增加，炭块的温度梯度、炭块中的电压降以及电解槽槽底电压降显著降低，电解质凝固等温线往槽大面和小面方向偏移，但在耐火砖内位置变化不大。

As a nondestructive technique to measure the inner fine structure of the cathode, the ICT has the uniqueadvantage.We discussed the emission mechanism of thermionic cathode, and tried to explain the excellent performance of mixed metal cathode by Richardson formula and Mullers computational model.

4就当前钡钨阴极发射机理的两个主要理论模型作了自己的探讨，并初探了钡钨阴极中钡的供应机制及发射寿命预测的问题，而且用理查逊公式的推导和Muller计算机模拟法解释了混合基钡钨阴极的优良性能。

The main research work of this dissertation is as follows: Based on the chemical reaction engineering theory and the nitrobenzene electroreduction mechanism, the plate and frame electrolyzer was designed and applied to the process of electroreduction nitrobenzene to p-aminophenol. This dissertation measured the residence time distribution data of the electrolyzer by means of the pulse response method and studied the rule of flow pattern along with the current capacity change. Under different conditions ,this dissertation studied the cyclic voltammetry properties of nitrobenzene on different electrodes by means of the dynamic cyclic voltammetry method and the electrode materials applied to the NB electroreduction have been selected primarily.Baseed on the results of cyclic voltammetry tests, this dissertation used p-electrode systems to measure the steady-state- polarization curves of nitrobenzene on different electrodes in H-type diaphragm cell, and obtained each primary factor s influence rule and the exchange current density value of each electrode.And then on the basis of the conclusions of fundamental researchs upword, the effects of influence factors on the the yield of p-aminophenol and the current efficiency,such as electrode material, current density, quantity of electricity circulated, nitrobenzene concentration . sulpuric acid concentration and so on, have been studied in detail in the systems of hign temperature , strong acidity and oxygen-poorthrough a series of electrolysis experiments in this paper.After all using Pb as anode Monel metal as cathode Dupont Nafion 417 cation-exchange membrane as membrane, this dissertation obtained the optimum technological condition: reaction temperature about 85C, current density 500A m-2, sulphuric acid concentration 20%wt.

论文的主要研究工作为：运用化学反应工程理论，结合硝基苯的电还原机理，设计出用于硝基苯直接电还原合成对氨基苯酚实验的板框式电解槽，并利用脉冲响应法测定了该板框式电解槽的停留时间分布数据，研究了流型随流量变化的规律；通过动态循环伏安法研究了硝基苯在不同电极上、不同条件下的循环伏安特性，初步评选出了用于硝基苯电还原的电极材料；结合循环伏安的测定结果，在H型隔膜电解槽中采用三电极体系测定了硝基苯在不同电极上、不同条件下的稳态极化曲线，得到了各主要因素的影响规律及硝基苯在各个电极上电还原的交换电流密度数值；在基础研究结论指导下，采用板框式电解槽，在高温、强酸、贫氧系统中，进行了一系列的电解实验，分别考察了电极材料、电流密度、通电量、硝基苯浓度、硫酸浓度等因素对收率及电流效率的影响，最终选择以蒙乃尔合金电极作为阴极、铅合金为阳极、Dupont Nofion 417阳离子交换膜为隔膜，得到由硝基苯直接电还原制对氨基苯酚的最佳电解工艺条件：反应温度85℃，电流密度500A·m~(-2)，硫酸浓度20％wt。

According to the results of H. Vogt about the relationship between current density and cathode potential, the cathode current density of 3000A/m〓 is determined.

根据H.Vogt对电流密度和阴极电位关系的研究结果，选择电沉积铜的阴极电流密度为3000A／m〓。

This invention concerns a current control process for a feed-in voltage converter, wherein a detected flux-inducing current component and a detected torque-inducing currrent component of an actual currrent vector of a rotating field machine are each controlled for a flux-inducing current component set value and a torque-inducing current component set value of the rotating field machine. To that effect, a control set-value (DELTA u*sp, DELTA u*sq) is determined, dependent each time upon a determined current component control deviation. From these, current components of an actual current vector are formed each time by overlay of a formed pilot value (u*spvor, u*sqvor). This invention also concerns a device for carrying out this process.

本发明涉及一种用于馈入电压式变流器的电流调节方法，其中分别将所检测的一感应式电机的一实际电流向量（i s 的磁通感应电流分量和一转矩感应电流分量i sq ）调节至该感应式电机的一额定电流向量的一磁通感应分量额定值和一转矩感应电流分量额定值，在这种情况下，分别根据所检测的一电流分量调节偏差计算出一调节器调节量（△u * sp ，△u * sq ），由这两个调节器调节量分别通过叠加所形成的一预控制量（u * spvor ，u * sqvor ）形成一额定电压向量的电压分量（u * sp ，u * sq ），本发明还涉及一种用于实施该方法的装置。

The circulation, consumption and reproduction of the trilogy have not only testified to its historical significance and literariness, but also invested it with new meanings.

该三部曲的流通、消费与再生产不仅验证了其历史意义及文学性，而切还赋予它以新的意义。

If he thought that he could buy me off, he would be wrong.

如果他认为他可以收买我，那他就大错特错了。