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In the second part of this thesis. The biological process of porons HA/bBMP composite repairing experimental defect in the dog femora and monkey mandibular were investigated by the qualitative and quantitative methods. The results showed that not only were the speed and time of new bone ingrowing into the bBMP/HA composite much quicker and earlier than that of implants of HA alone, but also the quantity of new bone ingrowth into bBMP/HA composite was much higher than that of HA alone. The bone ingrowth of bBMP/HA composite at higher rate within 3 weeks. In this study, bBMP/HA promoted more active new bone formation in bone marrow tissue than did HA alone. This reveals that BMP, brought into the bone marrow with HA as a carrier, accelerates osteogenesis or osteoinduction, providing sime bone marrow cells with more differentiative potential.

论文第二部分应用定性和定量的方法，较全面地研究了HA/bBMP复合人工骨在修复狗股骨和猴下颌骨实验性缺损中的生物学过程，研究发现，新骨组织长入HA/bBMP复合人工骨的时间和速度都较单纯HA早和快，而且新骨形成量也明显高于单纯HA，HA/bBMP在挂入后早期(3周)的成骨最为活跃，自体骨髓组织可为BMP提供敏感的靶细胞，增强BMP的骨诱导效果和HA/bBMP复合人工骨的骨修复能力。

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The microsturcture characteristics of M2 cast-strip were studied with such experimental methods as metallographic analysis, SEM, XRD and TEM[0]. The effect of sub-rapid solidification on the size, type and distribution of eutectic carbides in M2 cast-strip was analyzed. The effect of heat treatment temperature and its holding time on the eutectic carbides in M2 cast-strip was explored. The eveolution of metastable phase of M2C eutectic carbide during the heat treatment period and the decomposition dynamics concerned were researched. The M2 cast-strips were rolled into thin strips and the effect of deformation ratio on carbides in M2 cast-strip was examined. Then these thin strips were comparied with those that were produced by conventional technology on carbide, hardness, red-hardness and bend strength. At last the rolled M2 cast-strips were made into saw blades and their cutting performance was experimented on in tools factories and then compared with that of similar products produced by conventional technology.

采用常规金相、扫描电镜、X射线衍射及透射电镜等实验研究了M2高速钢铸带的凝固组织特征，分析了亚快速凝固对铸带中的共晶碳化物的析出类型和尺寸以及分布的影响；探索了后续热处理温度和保温时间对铸带碳化物组织的影响规律，分析了铸带中的亚稳相M2C共晶碳化物在热处理过程中的分解情况以及分解动力学；将铸带热轧成薄带，研究了压下率对铸带碳化物组织的影响，并将热轧薄带与常规工艺生产的相同规格的M2高速钢薄带在碳化物组织、硬度与红硬性以及抗弯性能等方面进行了对比；将热轧薄带加工成机用锯条后在工具厂进行了锯切性能试验，并与常规工艺生产的同类产品进行了使用性能对比。

Analyzing the change of DH, PCL and active calcium, and selecting each of best method. The results:(1) Dealing with the bone under high pressure ①High content of protein in sheep bone or bone soup:0.05MPa, 2h, 1:2;②Low amino acids in bone powder:0.13MPa, 4h, 1:3; Low amino acids in bone soup: 0.10MPa, 3h, 1:4;(2) Hydrolysis the bone soup with enzymes ①High content of calcium: neutral enzyme, 1500u/L, 6h;②High DH: pancreatic enzyme, 1:100, 6h;③ Low PCL: Pancreatic enzyme, 1:125, 6h; High PCL: alkalescency enzyme,

结果表明：A、高压①骨粉及骨汤蛋白质含量最高：压力为0.05MPa，高压2.0h，骨水比为1：2；②骨粉中氨态氮最低：压力0.13MPa，高压4.0h，骨水比为1：3；骨汤中氨态氮最低：0.10MPa，3.0h，骨水比1：4；B、酶解①游离钙含量最高：中性蛋白酶，酶浓度1500u/L，酶解6h；②水解度最高：胰蛋白酶，酶浓度1：100，酶解6h；③PCL值最低：胰蛋白酶，酶浓度1：125，酶解6h；PCL值最高：碱性蛋白酶，酶浓度1500u/L，酶解8h。

The results:(1) Dealing with the bone under high pressure ① High content of protein in sheep bone or bone soup:0.05MPa, 2h, 1:2;② Low amino acids in bone powder:0.13MPa, 4h, 1:3; Low amino acids in bone soup: 0.10MPa, 3h, 1:4;(2) Hydrolysis the bone soup with enzymes ① High content of calcium: neutral enzyme, 1500u/L, 6h;② High DH: pancreatic enzyme, 1:100, 6h;③ Low PCL: Pancreatic enzyme, 1:125, 6h; High PCL: alkalescency enzyme,

结果表明： A 、高压①骨粉及骨汤蛋白质含量最高：压力为0.05MPa ，高压2.0h ，骨水比为1：2；②骨粉中氨态氮最低：压力0.13MPa ，高压4.0h ，骨水比为1：3；骨汤中氨态氮最低：0.10MPa ，3.0h ，骨水比1：4； B 、酶解①游离钙含量最高：中性蛋白酶，酶浓度1500u/L ，酶解6h ；②水解度最高：胰蛋白酶，酶浓度1：100，酶解6h ；③ PCL 值最低：胰蛋白酶，酶浓度1：125，酶解6h ； PCL 值最高：碱性蛋白酶，酶浓度1500u/L ，酶解8h 。

Histological observation: Four weeks after implantation, porcine cancellous bone scaffold/bone marrow stromal cells complex appeared new bone formation and scaffold's degradation, which significantly increased in 8 weeks; In 12 weeks, new bone continued to increase and changed gradually to mature bone, a small amount of the Havers system was seen, the trabecular bone was not typical, capillary proliferated obviously, few residual scaffolds were seen, and no inflammatory cells were observed.

组织学观察：猪松质骨支架/骨髓基质干细胞复合体植入后4周开始有新骨生成，支架开始降解；8周时新骨的形成及支架的降解都明显增加；12周时新骨继续增加，逐渐向成熟骨组织转变，可见少量哈佛系统，但骨小梁尚不典型，毛细血管增生明显，少量支架残留，未见炎症细胞。

Then the alveolar bone of model 1 was lowered to respectively construct Model 2(Bone loss was one fourth of the root), Model 3(Bone loss was one third of the root), Model 4(Bone loss was the half of the root), Model 5 (Bone loss was the two third of the root) and Model 6 (Bone loss was the three fourth of the root).

在模型1基础上，将牙槽骨骨高度分别删除1层、2层、3层、4层、5层(使处理后的牙槽骨骨高度与牙根长度之比由1：1变为3：4、2：3、1：2、1：3、1：4)，产生模型2、模型3、模型4、模型5、模型6，代表五种不同程度的牙槽骨骨吸收模型。

Results In the heated bone ,bone lacunae were empty ,no bone cells existed ,bone lamella was seen ,granular basophilia staining was seen in some parts of the lamella. In bone medulla , no cell existed , thrombosis occurred in some blood ,partial bone lamella disappeared.

结果 整个视野内骨陷窝空虚，无骨细胞存在，骨板尚清晰，部分骨板出现颗粒状嗜碱性染色，骨髓腔内，基本无细胞结构，血管闭塞，哈佛氏系统结构不清，部分区域骨板层状结构消失，呈一片均质的嗜伊红染色。

Nowadays, bone defect has become one of the most important disease which threat people's living quality severely. Today, the most common methods used to healing bone defects include: Autogenous bone grafts and allogenic bone grafts. But autogenous bone grafts have a shortage on donor, difficult to make shape and will bring a complicate disease on donor site; allogenic bone grafts often follow with graft rejective reaction, and have a potential risk of propagation of many disease.

目前，主要应用于临床骨缺损修复的方法有自体骨移植和异体骨移植等，但自体骨移植存在材料来源有限、供骨部位的损伤以及塑形困难等问题；异体骨移植也有潜在的疾病传播隐患以及移植排斥反应等严重后果，因此无论自体骨移植还是异体骨移植均无法完全满足需求，临床急需寻找一种安全有效的骨移植替代材料。

Methods Fifty healthy SD rats were fed for twentytwo months in order to build the model of aging rats, the histology of femoral bone, tibial bone and lumbal vertebra was used to observe, then we evaluated the indexes which reflect the degeneration of intervertebral disc including the quantity of collagen type Ⅱ,Ⅹ of intervertebral disc by the immunohistochemistry methods, the relative area of vascular bud, the thickness of calcified layer and uncalcified layer on cartilage endplate and the indexes which reflect the osteoporosis including the thickness ratio of cortical bone, the relative area of bone trabecula, the bone density, the max stress and straining of bone.

50只健康纯种SD大鼠，喂养22个月，建立老龄大鼠模型，进行股骨、胫骨、腰椎等组织学观察，并评价椎间盘退变的相关指标(椎间盘软骨Ⅱ型和Ⅹ型胶原表达、软骨终板血管芽相对面积、软骨终板钙化层/非钙化层厚度)与骨质疏松的相关指标(骨皮质厚度指数、骨小梁相对面积、骨密度、骨最大应力和应变)的相关性。

According to my definition, the Manchurian Candidate is an experimentally created dissociative identity disorder that meets the following four criteria

根据我的定义，满州候选人是一个创造分离身份混乱的实验，它符合下述的4条标准

I'd be chuffed to play at a World Cup, but I have many years ahead of me in the game so I hope to have more opportunities.

我会chuffed发挥在世界杯，但我有很多年的比赛在我前面，所以我希望有更多的机会。