查询词典 cam lechanism

While the Fiat, Volkswagen, Renault and Peugeot still employ single cam 2-valve engine of roughly the same size, Toyota has twin cam, 4-valve head, individual coil on spark plug and the VVT-i variable valve timing.

当 菲亚特、大众、雷诺和标致仍然在使用与它大小相当的 2气门单点电喷发动机时，Toyota 已经采用了双点火的、4 气门的、独立点火线圈的和 VVT-i 可变气门技术的发动机。

During maturation, ripening and senescence of tomato and strawberry fruits, calmodulin , a receptor protein of Ca〓, had similar changing trend, but the time when CaM peak appeared was different and related to storage life of fruit. CaM peak in strawberry fruit appeared earlier than in tomato fruit.

进一步研究表明，Ca〓受体蛋白钙调素(Calmodulin，CaM)无论在番茄还是草莓成熟衰老过程中，CaM含量变化均有相似的趋势，但不同果实CaM高峰出现的时间不同，衰老快的草莓果实较衰老慢的番茄果实CaM高峰出现时间早，这与果实的贮藏寿命有关。

Ethylene increased CaM content in tomato and strawberry fruits, which was promoted by additional Ca〓 and inhibited by blocking Ca〓 channel or chelating extracellular Ca〓. The results indicated that ethylene-inducd CaM accumulation was dependent on changing of cytoplasmic Ca〓 concentration.

乙烯促进草莓和番茄果实CaM增加，外加Ca〓促进这一作用，相反，阻断钙通道或减少胞外Ca〓均能抑制这一作用，表明乙烯对CaM的诱导依赖于细胞Ca〓浓度的变化。

CPZ and TFP inhibited ethylene-induced increase in activity of Ca〓-ATPase located in microsomal membrane in tomato and strawberry fruit, which indicated that 1 CaM involved in inducing of ethylene on Ca〓-ATPase; 2 the enzyme was regulated by CaM.

钙凋素拮抗剂CPZ和TFP能抑制乙烯诱导番茄果实和草莓果实微粒体膜Ca〓-ATPase活性，这表明CaM参与乙烯对该酶的诱导以及该酶活性受CaM的调节。

TFP activated NAD kinase in tomato and strawberry fruit, CPZ activated the enzyme in tomato but in strawberry fruit, which indicated that ethylene-started and promoted maturation, ripening and senescence of fruit were related not only to increase in intracellular Ca〓 concentration and CaM content, but also to NAD kinase, and indirectly showed that CaM could regulate NAD kinase in two fruit.

以上结果表明乙烯启动和加速果实成熟衰老不仅与胞内Ca〓浓度和CaM含量增加有关，而且与CaM的另一目标酶——NAD激酶有关，并间接证明CaM对两种果实NAD激酶具有调控作用。

Conformation of CaM has changed greatly after bound by Ci, with the result that the binding sites and interaction module can be roughly determined after chemical shifts assignment, perturbation and calculation of KD, which supports the supposal that CaM and CNA C-terminal were in symmetrical homodimer complex2. In addition, the possible position of"NewCBD"in the scale of residue 430-450 and classification of functional domains in C-terminal have also been discussed.

结合了Ci的CaM构象较之于其自由状态发生很大改变，经化学位移指认、微扰实验和解离平衡常数计算后可以初步确定两者的结合位点以及作用模式，支持了CaM与CNA C末端片段以对称的同二聚体形式命名为(CaM·Ci2复合的猜想，推断出"NewCBD"可能存在于430-450区间，对现有的C末端功能区划分作出了一些改进。

CaM mRNA was substantially expressed in thetapetum, stigma, pollen tube track, degenerated synergid and transfusion parenchymacells. Lesser but yet significant amounts of CaM mRNA were also localized in themicrospore mother cells, microspores, pollen, antipodal cells, egg cell and central cell.

钙调素mRNA在绒毡层、柱头、花粉管生长途径、退化助细胞以及维管薄壁细胞中大量表达，也可在小孢子母细胞、小孢子、花粉、反足细胞、卵细胞以及中央细胞中检测到。

An investigation is made of the damping effect of EHD oil film in cam—tappet contact surface to the exciting vibration caused by error of cam profile.

在考察弹流油膜动力学效应的同时，讨论了凸轮—挺杆表面弹流油膜对由凸轮轮廓误差产生激振的阻尼作用。

In chapter 4, basing theories and methods of scientific visualization, and artificial neural network BP algorithm, we integrate the Visual C++, OpenGL graphics library and Excel VBA technique to develop the program of artificial neural network and to make the BP algorithm visually, this program works can be divided into four parts: Using C language to develop program about BP algorithm; Using Visual C++, develop the GUI Interface, make input parameter visually; Using OpenGL graphic technique to display the training sample point in three dimension; at last using Excel DDE technique display the error graphic tables in Excel system In chapter 5, on the view of engineering application, we establish new method of surface reconstruction basing artificial neural network, develop interface program between module and commercial CAD/CAM system, meantime deeply discuss some key problems, for example, setting up the base plane, using the API technique, cutting and editing surface boundary, and also discuss the more compliant problem: how to intersect surface, at end we finish the work of translation from our surface reconstruction module to commercial CAD/CAM system, then make reverse engineering system basing artificial neural network more useful.

第四章基于科学计算可视化理论，依据人工神经网络BP算法理论模型，综合Visual C++，OpenGL图形库以及Excel VBA等多项软件开发技术，编制了人工神经网络程序，实现了BP算法的可视化映射。具体工作分为四部分：利用C语言实现人工神经网络BP算法；利用VisualC++的GUI技术开发图形用户界面，实现参数设置可视化；利用OpenGL图形技术进行三维映射，显示学习样本及训练样本点；利用微软电子表格DDE动态数据交换技术，在Excel上动态显示学习误差曲线图。第五章从工程应用的角度出发，提出了一种新的基于人工神经网络算法的曲面裁剪重构方法，完成了曲面重建模块与通用CAD/CAM系统的接口设计工作，对其中的若干关键问题进行了深入讨论，例如基平面设定、API技术的应用、边界裁剪等问题，同时，对曲面计算中较为困难的曲面相交问题也进行的专门探讨，最终完成了曲面重建模块向CAD/CAM系统的数据传输工作，使人工神经网络逆向工程系统趋向实用。

This paper discusses the course design concerning the NC machining programming for the plate cam and its rele- vant issues: drawing the cam contour by computer, creating the DXF file, obtaining the NC codes, etc.

为了使学生实践从设计零件到数控加工的过程，笔者设计了平面凸轮的数控加工程序编制的题目，作为课程设计几个题目之一供学生选择。

More direct, directer ; most direct, directest

径直的，笔直的

Do you know how to use a chain saw?

你知道如何使用链锯吗？