查询词典 calculus of probability

The update model of the probability vector in compact GA is characterized by random walk, based on which the components update of the probability vector in the CGA with binary code is studied. A novel algorithm is proposed consequently. By using this algorithm, the fitness difference of the two competitors is increased. This can guarantee the probability vector updates availably.

紧致遗传算法中概率向量进化的模型是随机游动模型，据此研究了二进制编码中向量分量的进化特性，提出了分级竞争紧致遗传算法（grading competition compact genetic algorithm，GCCGA），加大参与竞争的两个个体的适应度的差距，使概率向量有效进化。

The Total probability formula is an important formula in the probability theory , this text carries on several popularization to this formula, and until probability calculate, margin distribute calculate and foundation of recurrence formula application of carry on some discussions to formula this.

摘要全概率公式是概率论中的一个重要公式，本文对此公式进行若干推广，并对此公式在概率计算、边际分布计算以及递推公式的建立等方面的应用进行了一些探讨。

We also discuss the essence of probability, and point out that there are two kinds of probabilities. Objective probability is controlled by nature while subjective probability exists with subject.

作者探讨了概率的本质，指出概率有两种一种是自然界控制的客观概率，另一种是依赖于观测主体而存在的主观概率。

The fourth is to adjust the initial probability estimate. Historical bidding experiences can be introduced into the model through the subjective probability judgment and the initial probability judgment can be adjusted. The model has been applied in the annual bidding dealings of northeast regional electricity market and results verify the practicability and effectiveness of the proposed model.

通过中标概率主观判断的概念把历史报价的经验引入到竞价策略模型中，并通过主观概率判断的演进实现对初始概率判断的调整从而实现发电商的经验报价趋近于真实值，在东北区域电力市场初期年度第一轮竞价交易中，算例结果验证了该方法的实用性和有效性。

About the total probability popularization and employ , far above these far of formula, this text make one summarize from some respect of him just, generally speaking, the total probability formula one very important and practical formula among the probability, can play a very important role in our production reality .

关于全概率公式的推广与应用远远不止这些，本文只是从他的某些方面做了一个概括，总的说来，全概率公式是概率当中一个非常重要而且实用的一个公式，能够在我们的生产实际中发挥着举足轻重的作

This text has mainly introduced seven kinds of popularization of the total probability formula , and the total application in three aspects of probability formula, i.e. relevant classical probability calculate, apply to, ask margin distribute , utilize it establish , pass , push away issue of relation.

本文主要介绍了全概率公式的七种推广，以及全概率公式在三个方面的应用，即有关古典概率计算，应用于求边际分布，以及利用其建立递推关系的问题。

Discovering passage of event happened by tracing along terminal point of event on probability tree, utilizing multiplication formula and addition of probability again, the probability of an event may be caculated and some problems that students grasp with difficulty and make easily mistakes can be solved.

用概率树法求事件发生的概率，只需在概率树上沿事件的终点向前回溯，便可以发现事件发生的通道，再利用概率的乘法公式和概率的可加性，就解决了概率论中学生很难掌握的、容易出错的问题。

It was shown that the great variation of effective unit weight and angle of internal friction of soil could result in the increase of seepage failure probability of earth dams, the effect of variation of angle of internal friction of soil was greater, and the seepage failure probability of earth dams was sensitive to variability of dam seepage. In addition, the increase of water level in reservoir would also induce great increase of seepage failure probability of earth dams.

结果分析表明，坝体渗透破坏的概率随着土体有效重度和内摩擦角变异性的增加而增加，并且土体内摩擦角的变异性对坝体渗透破坏的影响较大，坝体渗透变异性对坝体渗透破坏的影响较大；另外，随着库水位的升高，坝体发生渗透破坏的概率也显著增加。

To the question of non-Nash equilibrium in prisoners' dilemma, this paper makes an analysis to Game Theory's hypothesis: complete rationality, complete information and probability, and gets a result: systems thinking style in complete rationality, the happen of the event of zero probability, and the uncertainty that is brought out when complete information is concordant beliefs, all can bring the appearance of non-Nash equilibrium, and the probability of appearance is decided by the proportion of men who think in systems thinking style.

本文就"囚徒困境"中非纳什均衡出现的问题，对博弈的前提假设完全理性、完全信息以及概率进行了分析，得出的结论是：完全理性中的整体思维方式和概率为零的事件的发生以及完全信息等于一致信念时引起的不确定性，都可能导致非纳什均衡出现，而其出现的可能性则取决于采取整体思维方式的人的比例。

To the question of non-Nash equilibrium in prisoners' dilemma, this paper makes an analysis to Game Theory's hypothesis: complete rationality, complete information and probability, and gets a result: systems thinking style in complete rationality, the happen of the event of zero probability, and the uncertainty that is brought out complete information is concordant beliefs, all can bring the appearance of non-Nash equilibrium, and the probability of appearance is decided by the proportion of men who think in systems thinking style.

本文就"囚徒困境"中非纳什均衡出现的，对博弈的前提假设完全理性、完全信息以及概率进行了，得出的结论是：完全理性中的整体思维方式和概率为零的事件的发生以及完全信息等于一致信念时引起的不确定性，都可能导致非纳什均衡出现，而其出现的可能性则取决于采取整体思维方式的人的比例。

Listen,point and check your answers.

听，指出并且检查你的答案。

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但以本院科针灸门诊在2005年1月—2006年6月期间共收治膝痛患者100余例，经过临床的诊断后，其中施以温针治疗的48例，疗效显著，报道如下。1临床资料本组病例48