查询词典 calculus of probability

First, one. analyzes the eigenstates-from reachable sets and seeks the one which the target state belongs to. Then using the Grover iteration to amplify the probability amplitude of the desired eigenstate (the modul square of which is the probability of the corresponding eigenstate that the system will collapse to when it is measured). By measuring, the system will then collapse to the desired eigenstate with a probability of almost unity. Finally, one can use the admissible control to drive the system from the eigenstate to the target state.

该策略的核心思想是对本征态能控的系统，通过分析控制目标态与本征态的关系，寻找给定目标态所属的本征态可达集，然后利用量子非结构化搜索的Grover算法，将任意给定的系统初始态经过一定次数的Grover迭代，放大该本征态所对应的概率幅(概率幅的模方对应测量时波函数塌缩到对应本征态的概率)，然后对迭代后的态进行一次测量操作，使系统以接近1的概率塌缩到所需的本征态(前面分析得到的本征态可达集所对应的本征态)，最后用容许的控制将系统从该本征态控制到期望的目标态。

The formula of total probability ,conditional probability and bayes formula are elementary formulas of probability theory.

指出了全概率公式、条件概率及贝叶斯公式在实际应用中与其理论上的矛盾，从应用的角度重新叙述并精确论证了这些公式，弥补了原理论上的不

Bayes Formula probability trees probability theory probability tree method

贝叶斯公式；概率树；概率论；概率树法

In this paper the method of combinational mathematics is used to deduce the probability generation function of the longest run in the Bernoulli trials,and get the probability generation function without using its probability function of kth order geometric distribution.

游程及其相关理论广泛地应用于随机检验、质量控制、DNA数据分析等许多领域，提出使用组合数学的方法推导出贝努利试验中最长游程的概率发生函数的计算公式，利用所得到的结果可以不用k阶几何分布的概率函数而很容易地得出它的概率发生函数。

Therefore,in order to simplify the proving process of these inequalities.Though reading a lot of relevant resource,we begin with the basic concept of math,and use an ingenious way――probabilistic method, which means that according to the main features of inequality theory,combining the basic concepts and formulas of probability,through creating one suitable probability model,giving some concrete meanings of random events or random variables,proving through probability theory,we discuss the Cauchy inequality,Class inequality,Jensen inequality,and several common inequality's proofs.

因此，为了简化这些不等式的证明过程，通过阅读大量的相关资料，本文从数学的基本概念入手，运用了1种巧妙的方法——概率方法，即根据不等式的主要特征，结合概率论的1些基本概念和公式，通过建立1个适当的概率模型，赋以1些随机事件或随机变量的具体含义，再利用概率论的理论加以证明，讨论了柯西不等式，级数不等式，詹森不等式和几个1般不等式的证明。

After the joint probability density function between the 'float' ambiguity solution and the fixed ambiguity solution is introduced in this section, the conditional probability density function of the integer ambiguity solution is gotten according to this joint probability density function.

在介绍了模糊度浮点解和其固定解的联合概率密度函数之后，本文根据这个联合概率密度函数得到了模糊度整数解的条件概率密度函数。

The faults of pipelines were separately treated in discrete random variable and continuous random variable using the probability analysis method and choosing the reasonably different probability models based on the fault statistics data of pressure pipelines extracted from random inspection, and the fracture failure probability of pressure pipelines was calculated using the fracture failure risk analysis system for pressure piping system containing defects.

以抽检得到的压力管线缺陷统计数据为依据，采用概率分析方法，通过合理选取不同概率模型，将缺陷分别按离散型及连续型随机变量进行处理，应用在役压力管道失效风险分析系统计算出管线的断裂失效概率。

In the Mu Us desert, either vertical distributions of soil moisture isogram before irrigation or vertical distributions of soil moisture isogram after irrigation shows obviously vertical-layered character. When the irrigation is finished 24 hours later, there is little correlation between vertical distributions of soil moisture isogram before irrigation and vertical distributions of soil moisture isogram after irrigation. All of probability distribution of soil water content before irrigation are left-skewed distribution, but some of probability distribution of soil water content after irrigation is left-skewed distribution, some is right-skewed distribution or normal distribution. The distributed pattern shows different between the probability distribution of water depth of rain gauge and that of soil moisture in horizontal section of different depth. There is close correlation between the distribution of water depth of rain gauge and that of soil moisture in horizontal section, but the correlation debases as the horizontal section turns deeper. Also after irrigation close correlation occurs between the distribution of soil moisture of layers bordering upon each other, but which reduces with space of different layers being larger.

在毛乌素沙地，喷灌前后土壤含水率等值线垂直分布均具有显著的垂直分层特征；在喷灌结束24h后，喷灌前土壤含水率的垂直分布与喷灌后土壤含水率的垂直分布间地相关性较弱；灌水前土壤初始含水率的概率分布形态均表现为较典型的左偏态分布，灌后土壤含水率分布形态表现为左偏态、右偏形态或正态分布；雨量筒水深概率分布与土壤不同深度剖面层水平方向的含水率概率分布在形态特征上表现出一定程度的差异，雨量筒水深分布与水平层土壤含水率分布、灌后相邻深度层土壤含水率分布、之间的相关程度较高，其相关性随着剖面深度和层间距的增加而降低。

At present the fault tree or event tree method is generally applied to calculate the probability of ship grounding, and the certain probability is used to represent the failure probability of basic event.

目前，计算船舶搁浅的概率时常采用故障树和事件树方法，以确定的概率数表示底事件的发生概率。

We have a detailed research on this system. The main topic is centralized on call blocking probability, handoff refused probability and forced termination probability.

对我们提出的系统的切换性能指标进行了系统地分析，主要讨论了呼叫阻塞概率、切换失败概率和强迫中断概率。

Listen,point and check your answers.

听，指出并且检查你的答案。

Warming needle is one of effective treatment methods for knee arthralgia aggravated by cold,and it is simple,safety,so it should be developed in clinical acupuncture and moxibustion extensively.

但以本院科针灸门诊在2005年1月—2006年6月期间共收治膝痛患者100余例，经过临床的诊断后，其中施以温针治疗的48例，疗效显著，报道如下。1临床资料本组病例48