查询词典 calculus of probability

The output probability distribution of charge carrier multiplier structure from the electron multiplying charge-coupled device and its influence on image uniformity are studied. The probability model is established for the CCM structure of EMCCD. And based on the probability generating function and its properties, the probability distribution function of multiple CCM stages is deduced and its application in improving image uniformity is also discussed.

为了研究电子倍增电荷耦合器件中电荷载流子倍增结构的输出概率分布及其对图像均匀性的影响，建立了EMCCD中CCM结构的概率模型，利用概率生成函数推导了多级CCM倍增结构的输出概率密度函数，讨论了PDF在提高图像均匀性中的应用。

Secondly, by establishing a discrete time Markov model with spatial reuse for a MANET, we analyze the performance of the network under the AODV routing protocol. The average route length and the probability to communicate within a limited hop distance are obtained. Several performance parameters of the route discovery and route maintain process are analytically studied, such as the probability generating function and the expectation of the flooding distabce. the probability that a route is discovered by a query packet with a "hop limit", the probability that a request packet finds a valid route, the average time needed to discover a valid route and the cost to successfully route a data packet to its destination. Furthermore, we present a concrete example based on the transmitter characteristic of directional antennas and obtain the corresponding results.

建立了移动自组网络空间可重用的离散时间马氏链模型，得到了AODV路由协议下网络任意两节点间的平均路由长度、在指定"跳限"要求下通信的概率；对随选型路由协议下路由发现和路由维护过程中若干网络性能参数进行了解析分析，如网络中任意两节点问的泛洪距离的概率母函数及其期望、限定泛洪步数时成功寻路的概率、发现一条有效路由的平均时间、成功路由的代价等；并基于定向天线的发射特征给出了一个具体实例，分析计算了相应的网络性能参数。

This paper introduced the appliance of probability and statistics in reality,including classical model,formula of total probability, normal distribute,mathematics expectation and the central limit theorem.While it also discusses the widely uses of probability and statistics and the close relationship with the real life.Therefore,it lays the theoretical foundation for the practical uses with probability and statistics,and the basis of mathematics model.

本文介绍了概率统计的某些知识在实际问题中的应用，主要围绕古典概型，全概率公式，正态分布，数学期望，极限定理等有关知识，探讨概率统计知识在实际生活中的广泛应用，进一步揭示概率统计与实际生活的密切联系，为应用概率知识解决实际问题，数学模型的建立，学科知识的迁移奠定一定的理论基础。

Function and limit, one-variable calculus and its application, ABC of progression and multiple-variable calculus, determinant, matrix and its calculation, system of linear equations and quadratic form, probability of occurrence, chance variable, law of large numbers and central limit theorem, sample and

本课程主要介绍函数和极限，一元微积分和它的应用，ABC级数和多元微积分，行列式和矩阵的应用，线性方程和二次方程式，事件的概率，偶然性变量，大数定律和中心极限定理，样本和参数估计，方差分析，回归分析。

Function and limit, one-variable calculus and its application, ABC of progression and multiple-variable calculus, determinant, matrix and its calculation, system of linear equations and quadratic form, probability of occurrence, chance variable, law of large numbers and central limit theorem, sample and parametric estimation, variance analysis, regression analysis.

Advanced Mathematics 1 [Course Code 1040008 MAT114] 本课程主要介绍函数和极限，一元微积分和它的应用，ABC 级数和多元微积分，行列式和矩阵的应用，线性方程和二次方程式，事件的概率，偶然性变量，大数定律和中心极限定理，样本和参数估计，方差分析，回归分析。

The background assumed on the part of the reader is a knowledge of undergraduate differential and integral calculus and of elements of differential equations, and the experience of a probability and statistics course based upon a calculus foundation.

具备微积分，微分方程基础和以微积分为基础的概率论基础知识的学生均可选学这门课程，如果进一步具有诸如变换，差分方程和马尔科夫过程这些更高一点的数学基础，对学习此课程会更有帮助。

Discrete calculus , discrete probability distribution s, discrete Fourier transform s, discrete geometry , discrete logarithm s, discrete differential geometry , discrete exterior calculus , discrete Morse theory , difference equation s, and discrete dynamical system s.

在应用数学中，离散模型连续模型的离散近似。在离散模型中，离散方程are fit to 数据。使用递推关系是这种建模方式的一般方法。时标微积分是差分方程理论与微分方程理论的统一，应用在需要建立离散和连续同步数据模型的领域。

The approximation calculus formula of reliable on FCT was calculated by using abate probability being q Bernoulli test sequence, probability formula and property of increasing convex function.

应用概率理论推导出钻井油气层测试器系统的可靠度精确计算公式。

In this algorithm, the direction-of-arrival is assumed to be a discrete random variable with a priori probability density function defined on a set of candidate points. Whether or not the secondary sample is required is based on the a posteriori probability distribution of a set of candidate point"s, which can be calculated from the array received signals. And then, the resulting beamformer is a weighted sum of the beamformers pointed at the latest set of point"s, which are combined according to the value of the a posteriori probability for each pointing direction.

在该算法中，期望信号的波达方向被看作是一个定义在若干候选波达方向上的离散随机变量，由阵列接收信号计算出各候选波达方向的后验概率，并将后验概率的分布作为是否需要进行二次采样的判断标准；随后，对各波达方向上的波束成形权值线性加权，便可得到自适应波束成形器，权系数为各候选波达方向的后验概率值。

At first, calculate the missile passageway and the joined launching stand and the missile weapon system processing preparatory degrees; next, seek the probability according to the binomial disperse in probability outline, and the un-interlined theorem of probability addition; finally get the whole weapon system processing preparatory degrees.

两种模型均先求得由任一导弹通道及其相连的发射装置、导弹系统作战准备度，再根据概率论中的二项式分布及互不相容的概率加法定理，求得其概率，最后得出整个武器系统作战准备度。

Listen,point and check your answers.

听，指出并且检查你的答案。

Warming needle is one of effective treatment methods for knee arthralgia aggravated by cold,and it is simple,safety,so it should be developed in clinical acupuncture and moxibustion extensively.

但以本院科针灸门诊在2005年1月—2006年6月期间共收治膝痛患者100余例，经过临床的诊断后，其中施以温针治疗的48例，疗效显著，报道如下。1临床资料本组病例48