查询词典 calculations based on wishful thinking

Non-intentionalists respond that what distinguishes wishful thinking from self-deception is that self-deceivers recognize evidence against their self-deceptive belief whereas wishful thinkers do not (Bach 1981; Johnston 1988), or merely possess, without recognizing, greater counterevidence than wishful thinkers.

非意图主义者做出回应是将情愿式思考和自我欺骗区分开的是自我欺骗者认识到了与他们自我欺骗信念对立的证据；而情愿式者却没有(Bach 1981；Johnston 1988)，或仅仅是拥有却没有认识到比情愿思考者更大的对立正据。

The first part is the author"s special viewpoint about the thinking ability, such as the meaning, the essence, the classification and the operating process. The second part describes the relations between developing thinking ability and the urgent needs of country, society and individual development from five aspects. The third part is about the connection and differences of thinking ability, intelligence, ability, creativity and the constructivism theory. The forth part analyses the teachers" nine injudicious actions that will influence the students" thinking ability. The fifth part discusses the students" seven bad learning behaviors that will cause the degradation of thinking ability. The sixth part is about the unsuitable policies or actions adopted by school, society or family that will cause the degradation of the students" thinking ability. The seventh part discusses the countermeasures that can maintain and develop the students" thinking ability. The eighth part brings forward twelve countermeasures that can exercise the student"s thinking ability in chemistry teaching. The last part gives a brief account of the task.The author expects that this article can enhance the coteries" attention to the students thinking ability.

本文共分九个部分，第一部分对思考力的含义及其本质、分类和运行过程提出了作者的观点；第二部分从五个方面阐述培养思考力与国家、社会、个人发展的迫切需要之间的关系；第三部分简要叙述了思考力、智力、能力、创造力与建构主义理论之间的联系和区别；第四部分分析了教师的九种不当行为对学生思考力水平的影响；第五部分分析了学生的七种不良学习行为导致思考力下降的因素；第六部分叙述了学校、社会和家庭的不当政策或行为导致学生思考力水平下降的原因；第七部分着重从八个方面阐述了保持和发展学生思考力的对策；第八部分提出了在化学教学中训练学生思考力的十二种对策；最后在结束语中对本课题主要观点进行了概述，以期望引起教育界同仁对学生思考力培养的重视。

Rational thinking contribute to a better understanding of a harmonious society. In the process of building a harmonious society, it has also brought about changes in the specific way of thinking-thinking from the illusory to pragmatic thinking, isolated from closed to open thinking, either-or thinking to seek the same dialectical thinking, agitation from the fanatical thinking Victoria to green thinking.

理性思维有助于正确地解读和谐社会，在构建和谐社会的过程中，它也带来了思维方法的具体变革－从虚幻思维转向务实思维、从孤立封闭思维转向开放思维、从非此即彼思维转向辩证求同思维、从激越狂热思维转向绿色思维。

The emphasis of creative thinking in physics teaching in high school should be put on the training of three basic forms as intuitional thinking, thinking in images and logical thinking and two fundamental patterns as dispersing thinking and concentrated thinking. To improve the creative thinking in physics refers to the profundity, the flexibility, the criticalness and agility of thinking.

创新思维培养包括多个方面，高中物理教学重点应培养学生的直觉思维、形象思维、逻辑思维三种基本形式和发散思维、集中思维两种基本方式，提高物理创新思维品质即思维的深刻性、灵活性、批判性、独创性和敏捷性。

The work of this paper include nailing down the meaning of cultivation of creationary thinking during college physics teaching, analysing of relative theory about creationary thinking ,such as its definition,trait, essence and so on, and demonstration of creationary thinking educable, discussing several kinds of creationary thinking and it's exhibition in physics phylogeny , bringing forward idiographic tactic of cultivation of creationary thinking, which is the core of the paper, putting forward two problems needing embedded thinking, which are correlative with cultivation of creationary thinking successfully.

本文所完成的工作包括分析并明确了在大学物理教学中培养创造性思维的重要意义；论述创造性思维的相关理论和其可培养性；分别探讨了各种创造性思维方式及其在物理科学发展中的表现；提出培养创造性思维的具体策略，这也是本文的核心部分；提出了成功地培养创造性思维需要继续深入思考的两个问题。

In this paper, the performance of rapid interior design study graphic thinking mainly from the perspectives of the analysis and discussion on the basic theoretical concepts, and in-depth analysis of the performance of the interior design based on fast mode of thinking - thinking diagram, and on this basis, this paper presents Graphic thinking "Trichotomy" viewpoint: conceptual diagrams, and graphic style of firmness diagram, and then use graphical thinking "Trichotomy" perspective based on the graphic design thinking fast indoor performance of different forms.

本文在对室内设计快速表现的研究中主要从图解思考视角出发，分析与探讨了基本理论概念，并深入分析了室内设计快速表现的基础思维模式——图解思考，在此基础上，本文提出了图解思考的"三分法"观点：理念性图解、样式性图解与坚定性图解，继而利用图解思考的"三分法"观点研究了基于图解思考的室内设计快速表现不同实现形式。

In this paper, searching technology of product information based on knowledge was researched. On the aspect of cognition, we researched the relation between user\'s cognition and designer\'s cognition, explored the knowledge flow in the process of product development, set up a matching model between user\'s knowledge and designer\'s knowledge, brought forward a modeling method based on users\' cognition, and set up a measurable model of product feature; coded and decoded product form element, set up a computer aided product form design system and image evaluating system based on the result of measurement. Accordingly, the product style and product image were systematically discussed, the recognition space of product style and image was constructed, the factors that affect product style and image were put forwards and analyzed, and the relation between product image and form elements was tested by experiments. Furthermore, the product automatic recognition technologies were discussed.And then, with the media of concept model and the kernel of parameter technology, a mathematic model that describing product layout design by constraints and rules was presented. Furthermore, a product design integration system based on imagery thinking including product fonii base system based on imagery thinking, product form design system based on imagery thinking and product form intelligent design system based on space layout were set up, which tested the system and provided a new way for product innovative design.

本文以产品特征描述目标对象——产品，研究一种基于知识的产品信息检索技术，在对产品的认知方面，研究了用户认知和设计师认知之间的关系，研究了产品开发过程中的知识流传递过程，建立了用户知识和设计知识之间的匹配模型，提出了一种基于用户知识的产品建模方法，它不但提取了产品的特征，还建立了产品特征量化模型，从而实现了产品知识的量化描述；对产品造型元素进行分解和编码，利用实验量化结果构造计算机辅助产品形状设计系统和心象评价系统；使用量表分析造型元素的心象尺度，构造输入、输出系统，建立了产品设计知识库咨询系统，可以方便用户和设计师来导入或查询产品设计方案；实现了对产品造型心象的分类知识库系统，便于设计师存储或查询，辅助设计师进行产品创新设计；通过实验量化了产品造型参数和产品心象参数之间的关系，并在此基础上建立了基于心象的产品形状设计系统，为产品空间布局方案智能生成系统奠定基础；在基于知识库的基础上建立了产品空间布局方案智能生成系统，通过更改概念产品造型参数，实现了产品设计方案的智能生成，使系列化的设计工作变得十分方便；将产品的心象运用到实际设计过程中，能够引导流行趋势，创造出产品无形的设计价值。

The possibility and extent of the goal reactions could be evaluated based on these calculations. The theoretical calculations also provided the basis for the choice of suitable catalysts and reaction conditions. The experimental results have demonstrated that the thermodynamic calculations are correct.

通过计算可判断所研究反应进行的可能性和程度，对催化剂和反应条件的选择提供了理论依据，实验结果也证明了热力学计算的正确性。

Chapter TEN promulgates the epoch-making transformations in the mode of thinking fulfilledby Karl Marx's philosophy:from substantive thinking to relative thinking, from epistemologicalthinking to practical thinking,from predeterminative thinking to epigenesis thinking.

第十章考察马克思哲学在思维方式上所实现的划时代变革：从实体思维到关系思维，从知性思维到实践思维，从直观思维到变革思维，从预成论思维到生成论思维。

The calculated double differential cross section of the new model is compared with experimental data and previous SCDW calculations with single particle model. The calculated cross sections are larger than those given by previous calculations at backword and forward angles and smaller than those given by previous calculations near the quasi-elastic scattering angle. The agreement with experimental data is much improved.

新模型的双微分截面计算结果与实验值以及以前采用单粒子壳层模型时的计算结果进行了比较，表明CDFM模型的引入对SCDW模型的计算结果有较大的改进，使其在大角度和极小角度区域有所增大，在准弹性散射角附近有所减小，从而能更好地与实验值相符合。

Objective To study the effect of chitosan in the prevention of fibrous scar formation in the epidural space after laminectomy.

目的 观察选择性脊神经后根切除术椎板切除后硬膜外几种防瘢痕粘连物质的作用并探讨其机制。

On his way to the lift, he looked back to us or was it me his eyes pointing?

当他要进电梯时，他回头看我们（或者说是我，他的眼光？