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To the high-rise buildings support frame, the dissertation proposes the approximate calculation based on half-rigidity steel frame.

同时，还推证了基于半刚性连接支撑架的分析方法。

It is mathematically strict without any differential approximate calculation and is supposed to obtain the maximal precision of the floating-point operations of computer.

在数学上也严格成立，数值编程计算不存在差分近似，精度达到了计算机浮点运算的极限精度。

The approximate calculation of integrals has a wide range of applications in many practical engineering, in fact a big problem of integrable system is the issue of high-dimensional points in the irregular region.

积分的近似计算在许多实际工程的应用十分广泛，可积系统的一大类问题事实上就是不规则区域上高维积分问题。

The results show that with the approximate calculation method satisfactory results can be obtained of calculating the parameters of the discharging circuit and discharging current when the workpiece moves.

研究结果表明，在毛坯不运动的情况下，用预选频率法可以方便准确地计算放电回路的参数及放电电流，从根本上解决了放电回路参数的计算问题。

Combining the definition of CWT and the derivative property of convolution, we constructed a general method to calculate the approximate derivative of signal through CWT by using the first and second derivative of Gaussian function, Haar, and the first derivative of three-order-Spline function as wavelets. As compared with the other approaches of calculating derivative, which include the numerical differentiation, polynomial filters, Fourier transform, and the recently proposed DWT method, fast calculation and simple mathematical operation were remarkable advantages of CWT method. For the signal corrupted by severe noise (Signal-toNoise Ratio=5), the satisfactory results could also obtained via CWT method through appropriately adiusting the dilations.

在此基础上，(1)结合连续小波变换的特点和卷积的微分性质，提出了使用Gaussian函数的一阶和二阶导数，Haar和三次样条函数的一阶导数作为小波函数的连续小波变换计算信号近似导数的一般性方法，与其他导数计算方法(包括数字微分法，多项式滤波法，Fourier变换法和离散小波变换法)相比，本法简单便捷，计算速度快，对于噪声含量较高的信号(S/N为5)，只要适当调节尺度即可获得比较满意的结果。

With the advancement of science and technology, some new theories and new ways emerged gradually, some of them merged with specific theoretical tools, this specific theoretical tools include mathematical morphology, fuzzy techniques, neural networks, wavelet and so on. Secondly, in this paper, it described and analyzed the segmentation method based on the edge in the domain of image segmentation in detail. It did experiments on several edge detection operators using MATLAB, it summarized the advantage and the shortcoming of traditional edge detection operators, and the operating environment. On the basis of the experimental analysis, it implemented an edge location more precise, more efficient operating speed edge extraction method——Template Vector. In this method, it optimized differential approximate calculation of first differential operators the paper mentioned. After experimented on this edge extraction method, contracted with the traditional methods, the edge outline is extracted more accurately and more exquisitely, furthermore, it retained the object outline furthest, and achieved more satisfied edge extraction result.

其次，对图像分割领域中常用的基于边缘的分割方法进行了详细的研究与分析，对各种边缘检测算子进行了MATLAB环境下的实验，分析总结了各种传统边缘检测算子的优缺点和适应环境，并针对传统边缘检测算子在处理显微图像时的缺陷，在实验分析的基础上研究并实现了一种边缘定位更加精确、运算速度更加快捷的边缘提取方法——模板向量算法，在该算法中，对文章提到的一阶微分算子中微分的近似计算作进一步优化，经过对该边缘提取方法进行实验，其结果与传统方法相比，轮廓提取更为精确细腻，且最大程度的保留了图像中物体(目标个体或者明显噪声点)的轮廓，得到了比较理想的边缘提取效果。

With the help of optimization and computer the approximate formula under the condition of finite rotation is still further optimized so as to raise its accuracy and to make calculation simple.

从而得到了计算较简单，同时在较大的角度范围内具有较高精度的实用稳像公式。

It is an improvement of previous approximate solution, and the formula in this article can be used in numerical calculation and simulation of atmospheric electric parameters in the future.

该文的工作是对以前相关工作仅能得到近似解的一种改进，同时本文所得公式可用于今后对大气电参量进行相关的数值计算及模拟之中。

And the time needed for calculation using approximate formula is only 2/5 the time for"exact"intinite series solution.

且用高频近似式计算时所用机时仅为用"精确的"无穷级数解法计算时的五分之二。

In the process of radiation calculation in the real atmosphere, the exactly integrating over the zenith angle is computationally expensive, and thus the diffusivity factor is used to approximate to the integration over the zenith angle.

在大气辐射传输计算过程，对天顶角的精确积分非常费时，可以通过漫射因子近似方法进行简化处理。

Liapunov—Schmidt method is one of the most important method in the bifurcation theory.

Liapunov—Schmidt方法是分叉理论的最重要方法之一。

Be courteous -- even when people are most discourteous to you .

要有礼貌──即使当別人对你最不礼貌的时候。