查询词典 calculating element

And use the prior and more consummate ways to carry through vaneaccidence design, These ways have own technology points and disadvantage, In this paperstressly discuss the momentum-element theory way, this way was developed in the basic ofthe two ahead ways, and it overcome their defect. It also use element theory to deal withvane design. In the vane designing and aerodynamical characteristic calculating they bothrelate with intervene gene, so the keystone is to carry through the intervene gene in twocase, thereout to do the vane design and aerodynamical characteristic calculating.

运用翼型的基本概念和风力机叶片的基础外型参数进行叶片设计的预研讨论，并分别运用了Glauert和Schmitz叶片设计方法叶片进行初步设计，这两种方法有其各自技术特点和缺点，文中还着重研究了动量—叶素理论方法，这种方法在前两种设计方法的基础上发展而成，并采用两者的叶素研究方法进行叶片设计，动量叶素理论方法在进行叶片外型设计和叶片气动特性计算都涉及到干涉因子，文中重点对设计和计算情况下的干涉因子进行处理，并由此来设计叶片的外型和进行气动特性的计算。

The basic approach of protecting people from being hurt or killed in an accident is to improve crashworthiness of vehicles. This paper starts with discussing theories and methods for vehicle passive safety design, which included experiential methods, analytic methods, multi-body dynamics methods, crash test methods and the finite element method. Emphasis will be paid to the basic FEM theories and algorithms of impact problems. Topics discussed include the governing equation, element discretization, hourglass control, time integration, material model, shell element algorithms and contact-impact algorithms. For more reliable simulation results, this paper then conducts study on how to accurately get material model parameters by combining the FEM method with experimental method, and develops relevant material test machine and parameter calculating software. Based on that, basic typical impact simulation and test validation study are conducted. On the basis of the above work, the paper studies the thin-shell structures'crashworthiness, which was affected by the following factors: spot-weld features, shell thickness, cross-section and pre-deformation. As to vehicle parts'crashworthiness, the paper conducts simulation study of designing energy-absorbing steering system and adaptive airbag system. A practical energy-absorbing steering wheel is designed as an example. In further depth research, the paper suggests several inverse quantificational methods for vehicle crashworthiness design based on the ideal crash characteristics. The above theories and methods are applied with good results through several practical vehicles' crashworthiness design and improvement.

文中对汽车碰撞安全性的设计理论和方法进行了归类和总结，其中包括经验法、解析法、多刚体动力学法、试验法以及有限元方法等；重点介绍了碰撞有限元法的基本理论和有关算法，涉及到有限元求解控制方程、单元离散、沙漏模态控制、时间积分、材料模型和应力修正、薄壳单元算法以及接触碰撞界面算法等，探讨了有限元计算中的材料模型参数获取技术，开发了相应的材料试验装置及材料模型参数反求软件，在此基础上进行了基本的碰撞仿真算例和试验对比研究；文中通过应用有限元方法研究了薄壁构件的碰撞吸能特性，指出了设计薄壁吸能构件时需要考虑的几个主要影响因素，即焊点、壁厚、横截面和预变形等；在关于车辆部件的碰撞安全性能设计中进行了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究，提出了吸能转向机构和自适应安全气囊的仿真研究方法；文中最后探讨了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进方法，提出了以理想碰撞特性为目标，采用分段加速度或者根据碰撞时间进行设计的反推设计法、部件吸能仿真优化设计法等量化设计方法，并通过综合应用文中所讨论的相关技术进行了整车碰撞性能的设计与改进实例研究，所选定的车型是大众化的普通轿车和碰撞安全性基础较差的微型面包车，研究结果表明，本文所提出的设计与改进方法是适用而有效的，具有重要的工程实用意义和价值。

The following is the main works of the paper.1 The weight and the center of weight of the whole hull, analysis by statics the weight of steel, the equipment, oil, water, crew and cargoes etc., conclude a method of calculating the weight and the center of weight of the whole hull,2 Work out the series of formula of distributing the water pressure of wave to the corresponding nodes on the plate, conclude a method of calculating the flotage and the center of the flotage,3 Analysis the method of adjusting the equilibrium of the hull, the finite element module of the hull, and the character of the linetype, by ship statics principle, work out a series of formula of adjusting longitudinal slant, preliminarily confirm the parameter and the range,4 Program in FORTRAN, and link into ANSYS, for auto-loading when analyzing the whole hull by the FEA,5 Make the finite element module of a real hull, calculate the weight and the center of the weight, the flotage and the center of the flotage, compare the result of manual calculation with the computed result, analysis the deviation of the program.

3通过分析船舶常用浮态调整方法、船体结构有限元模型和船体线型特征，运用船舶静力学原理，推导船舶浮态纵倾调整公式，分析了基于船舶结构有限元模型的纵倾浮态调整方法和初步探讨了纵倾浮态调整中的参数确定方法以及初步确定这些参数的取值范围。 4用本文推导的计算方法和公式开发FORTRAN程序，并编译连接到有限元软件ANSYS中，用于进行整船结构有限元分析时自动加载计算。

With an example, the paper uses finite element program ANSYS to establish three calculating model of the steel-concrete composite open-web floor: the combination finite element method of spatial beam elements and shell elements, the finite element method of shell elements and the combination finite element method of shell elements and entity element.

结合一算例，利用ANSYS有限元软件，建立了组合空腹楼盖的三种计算模型：空间梁单元与壳单元的混合元模型、空间壳单元模型、壳单元和块体单元模型三种理论计算方法，对这三种计算模型作分析对比，得到了静荷载作用下该类结构的内力分布规律及其他一些有价值的结论。

An algorithm about picking element is presented in this paper: First,getting certain amounts of boundary points by contour tracing from a point near an element and calculating primal parameters; Then, picking the element completely by element tracing guided by these initial parameters, jumping over broken points and intersecting points; At last,deleting the picked element from the raster image and renewing other elements' information intersecting with the picked element.

本文提出一种图元拾取算法：首先从图元附近一点开始，经轮廓跟踪、参数拟合得到图元的初始参数；然后在初始参数引导下，对图元定向跟踪，跳过断点和交点，最大限度的拾取整个图元；最后在光栅图像上删除该图元，并恢复与之相交的其它图元的交点信息。

In this paper, a lot of research works of algorithms of mining CAD has been done. Many important mine specialty graph operation algorithms have been put forward. The main results are as follows: polygons cut out algorithm, two close polygons mutual, merge and subtract algorithm, polygon vector fill, any vector polygons area calculating and sequence polygons or multifold which has the direction and region area calculating, curve smoothing, graph element search for any region, graph element attrib collect in any region, parallel polygon or vector intersection-point push out or pull in, ore reserves and grade calculating for any type polygon, mine spatial data searching and boundary line tracking and automatic link algorithm etc.

论文在矿山图形算法研究方面做了大量的工作，提出了许多有价值的矿山专业图形运算算法，主要算法有：多边形裁剪算法、闭多边形的加、减、并算法、多边形的矢量填充算法、任意有向多边形、有向多连域、有向多边形序列面积算法、多种曲线光滑算法、任意区域的图元搜索算法、任意区域图元属性提取算法、多边形平行外推/内缩算法、任意多边形储量品位计算、矿山空间数据搜索算法、界线的自动追踪和连接等。

Combinds with several calculating ways of forming ages of rocks (Pb-Pb isochron way, inconsistent line model calculating way and three-stage model calculating way), a way to calculate element content of samples and forming ages of rocks was summarized.

本文主要是研究该法的计算，分析样品中元素量的计算，并结合几种岩石年龄方法（Pb-Pb等时线法、不一致线模式计算法、三阶段模式计算等）的计算，归纳总结出计算样品中元素量和岩石形成年龄的方法。

Based on the study achievements of some predecessors,bridge,pier and abutment were simulated by solid element,rail and sleeper were simulated by space beam element,the links of rail,sleeper,bridge,pier and abutment were simulated by spring element,a three-dimensional finite element spatial mechanics model for calculating the rupture force between continuously welded rail and high-speed railway bridge was established.

在吸收前人研究成果的基础上，采用实体单元模拟桥梁及桥梁墩台，采用空间梁单元模拟钢轨及轨枕，采用弹簧单元模拟钢轨、轨枕、桥梁与墩台之间的连接，建立了断轨三维有限元空间力学模型。

A three-dimensional finite element spatial mechanics model for calculating the additional longitudinal force transmission between continuously welded rails and high-speed railway bridges is established by using solid element to simulate bridges as well as pier and abutment,using space beam element to simulate rails,using spring element to simulate the link between bridges and tracks as well as pier and abutment.

采用实体单元模拟桥梁及桥梁墩台、空间梁单元模拟钢轨、弹簧单元模拟桥梁与墩台及轨道之间的连接，建立梁—轨纵向相互作用三维有限元空间力学模型。以丰沙线永定河单线铁路桥梁、秦沈线沙河双线铁路桥梁对其进行计算验证。

Then after a semi-rigid joint behavior can be modeled as a finite stiffness rotation spring, base on rotation and displacement equation derive the element stiffness matrixes with semi-rigid connections where the effects of jointed flexibility and shear forces in the connection deformations have been considered in and fixed-end forces are modified. Finally, a program for calculating system reliability of semi-ridge steel frames with Monte carlo method and finite element analysis has compiled for calculating and analyzing.

接着本文在介绍和分析半刚性连接弯矩和转角关系模型的基础上，用带有转动刚度的弹簧表征半刚性连接，推导出半刚性连接的刚度矩阵，对固端力进行修正，同时考虑了剪切变形的影响，编制了半刚接钢结构平面框架的有限元程序BHPFL，并在其基础上编制了基于蒙特卡洛法的Monte Carlo-BHPFL 有限元相结合的方法，进行体系可靠度的分析。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。