查询词典 calcification

objective to analyze the ct appearance of thyroid carcinoma and the differential diagnosis of various thyroid disease.methods 83 cases of thyroid carcinoma and 119 cases of various benign disease with surgical and pathologically proved were analyzed retrospectively.results the ct findings of 83 cases of thyroid carcinoma include:ill defined nodules boundary (n=62),irregular necrosis(n=59),cystic(n=23),"peninsula" enhancing tubercles around the tumour(n=25),"mastoid" tubercles around the tumour(n=11),calcification(n=55) including large scale(n=27) and local(n=28),trachea invasion(n=15),neck or supraclavicular lymph node metastasis(n=27),the accurate of ct to differentia benignancy from malignancy on thyroid disease was 93.6%(189/202).conclusions "peninsula" enhancing tubercles was the characteristic sing of thyroid carcinoma,"mastoid" enhancing tubercles or large scale calcification was the affirmative sign,the ct signs was vary useful to differentiating thyroid disease.

摘 要］目的：分析甲状腺癌的ct表现及鉴别诊断要点。方法：回顾性分析经手术病理证实的83例甲状腺癌和119例甲状腺良性病变的ct表现，归纳总结不同病变的ct特征。结果：83例甲状腺癌中：边界不清62例，不规则坏死59例，囊性变23例，出现"半岛状"强化结节25例，"乳头状"强化结节11例，钙化55例(其中弥漫性钙化27例、局灶钙化28例)，侵犯气管15例，颈部或锁骨上淋巴结肿大27例，ct对甲状腺病变的良恶性鉴别诊断符合率93.6%(189/202)。结论："半岛状"强化结节是甲状腺癌的特征性表现，"乳头状"强化结节及弥漫性钙化可做为甲状腺癌的肯定性征象，掌握各种甲状腺病变的ct表现特点，对病变的定性诊断及鉴别诊断具有重要意义。

Curvilinear calcification suggests an aneurysm but is a less specific finding because it can also occur in craniopharyngiomas and sphenoidal masses. The intense enhancement of the residual lumen is relatively specific, but differentiation from other masses may be difficult on CT scans depending on the timing and degree of vascular enhancement. The MR imaging features are usually diagnostic, although they can be very subtle [2]. Significant signal heterogeneity is seen with T1 hyperintense signal due to subacute thrombus or flow related enhancement. Areas of T2 hypointensity can be seen due to intracellular deoxy or methemoglobin, calcification, or flow void.

线样钙化提示动脉瘤，但不是一个非常特异的征像，因为这也可以见于颅咽管瘤和蝶骨肿瘤，管腔样明显强化更特异些，但是在CT上与其他肿瘤鉴别可能是困难的，因为这取决与增强的时间与血管强化的程度，MR的特征性表现是更具有诊断意义的，即使有时候可能表现的非常细微，在T1上可以看到明显的不同信号成分，这是由于亚急性的血栓或流动相关增强效应，T2序列上可以看到低信号区域，这是由于细胞内脱氧或高铁血红蛋白，钙化，或流空效应。

Birth, the permanent teeth in the deciduous tooth germ had been under, with the exception of the first molar (ie, age 6 teeth) in the neonatal period has begun to calcification, the calcification of permanent teeth is carried out in infancy, Therefore, the infant not only to protect the deciduous teeth, but also in order to obtain a fit and lay the foundation for permanent teeth.

婴儿出生时，恒牙的牙胚就已在乳牙之下，除第一磨牙（即6龄牙）在新生儿时期已开始钙化外，一部分恒牙的钙化是在婴儿期进行的，因此，婴儿期不仅要保护好乳牙，还要为获得一副健美的恒牙奠定基础。

In moderate to severe disease, conventional radiography may reveal tracheal scalloping and nodular irregularity or irregular asymmetric stenosis (Fig 10a). Thickened tracheal cartilage with irregular calcification is seen with CT (Fig 10b). Multiple nodules, with or without calcification, may project into the airway lumen.

中到重度的病变，常规X光片可显示气管扇贝状、结节状不规整或不规则、不对称狭窄，CT可见气管软骨增厚并不规则钙化，并有或无钙化的多发结节可以突入气道，气管支气管骨化症的结节不侵犯气管后壁。

AIM: To observe the effect of endothelin receptor antagonist (BQ123) on calcification in rat vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro. METHODS: Calcification of cultured rat VSMCs was produced by incubation with β-glycerophosphate.

目的：在离体钙化的血管平滑肌细胞上，观察内皮素受体阻断剂对血管平滑肌细胞钙化的影响，探讨内皮素促进细胞钙化的信号转导和分子机制。

METHODS:Calcification of cultured rat VSMCs was produced by incubation with β-glycerophosphate. Calcium content, Ca2+ deposition and alkaline phosphatase activity were analyzed to estimate the extent of calcification.

目的：在离体钙化的血管平滑肌细胞上，观察内皮素受体阻断剂对血管平滑肌细胞钙化的影响，探讨内皮素促进细胞钙化的信号转导和分子机制。

Results The pathogenesis pathology of lumbar spinal canal stenosis:Lumbar posterior marginal cartilage node (67 cases,44.67%);Intervertebral disc calcification (45 cases,30%);Lumbar posterior marginal osteophytic formation(29 cases,19.33%);Post longitudinal ligaments calcification(9 cases,6%).

结果：导致椎管狭窄的原因有：椎体后缘软骨结节(67例，占44.67%)；椎间盘钙化(45例，占30%)；椎体后缘骨质增生(29例，占19.33%)；后纵韧带骨化(9例，占6%)。

Results The pathogenesis pathology of lumbar spinal canal stenosis:Lumbar posterior marginal cartilage node (67 cases,44.67%);Intervertebral disc calcification (45 cases,30%);Lumbar posterior marginal osteophytic formation(29 cases,19.33%);Post longitudinal ligaments calcification(9 cases,6%).

回顾性分析腰椎椎体后缘骨质异常致椎管狭窄150例的临床表现及CT所见。结果：椎体后缘软骨结节(67例，占44.67%)；椎间盘钙化(45例，占30%)；椎体后缘骨质增生(29例，占19.33%)；后纵韧带骨化(9例，占6%)。

Results Of the 165 cases in Uygar,51 cases were normal,and 62 cases were cerebral atrophy,porencephaly and calcification;Among the 140 cases in Han,78 cases were normal,and 26 cases were cerebral atrophy,porencephaly and calcification.

结果 本组165例维吾尔族HIE患儿中，随访复查51例恢复正常，62例均有脑萎缩、脑穿通畸形、脑钙化灶等不可逆后遗症的表现；140例汉族HIE患儿中，随访复查78例恢复正常，26例有脑萎缩、脑穿通畸形、脑钙化灶等不可逆后遗症的表现。

Although some studies have reported an incidence of calcification as high as 25 to 30 percent, others have identified it far less often. When calcification is present, however, the roentgenographic pattern most often resembles popcorn, a finding that is almost diagnostic. The presence of fat and calcium make the CT diagnosis exquisitely accurate. In a report of 47 lesions studied by CT, 30 (63.8%) contained fat only (n=18), calcium and fat (n=10) or calcium alone (n=2). Thin sections must be used to identify fat with certainty.

虽然有的研究报道钙化率可高达25 ~30 %，也有的报道远小于此，但是当钙化出现时，常表现为爆米花状，脂肪和钙化的出现在CT显示精确，在一个47个病灶的CT研究中，30个63.8%含有脂肪，10个含有钙化和脂肪，2个仅有钙化，要显示脂肪成分，必须用薄扫，由于部分容积效应，当层厚教厚时，小的空腔容易与脂肪混淆。

This paper discusses design and realizable methods of remote test output interface from logical design angle.

本文从逻辑设计的角度讨论遥测输出接口的设计及实现方法。

This also 星体投射plies to buildings, structures and geological features.

这也适用于建筑物和地质特征。