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Six cadavers were prepared for necroscopy, operative procedure of ILIF were simulated on L3-S1, and all related important anatomic structure and their relationship were observed and record. ILIF with transpedicle screw fixation were also performed with cage insertion.3. Twelve fresh frozen bovine lumbar functional spinal units were prepared for biomechanical testing. According to the different treatment order, the specimens were devided into 7 groups, which included: 1intact specimens, 2specimens were treated by left unilateral facetectomy and had homolateral anatomical threaded cages inserted, 3 TLIF with homolateral pedicle screw fixation, 4 TLIF with bilateral pedicle screw fixation, 5 specimens had anatomical threaded cages inserted on the left by intertransverse process approach, 6 ILIF with homolateral pedicle screw fixation, 7 ILIF with bilateral pedicle screw fixation.

方法1、对20名正常志愿者L3-S1节段进行CT增强+三维重建检查，在三维重建图形上测量横突长度、上下横突间距、椎间孔外椎间隙高度及斜径，观查横突间区域血管走形特点并测量血管内径，然后进行统计分析及评价。2、采用福尔马林固定尸体标本六具，模拟ILIF手术对L3-S1节段进行操作，观察横突间区域重要结构的位置和毗邻关系，并模拟同侧椎弓根钉和单枚椎间融合器的置入过程，探讨该术式存在的问题并改进。3、采用小牛脊柱运动节段标本12具，依序进行不同处理后分为以下7组：⑴正常对照组CG⑵左侧小关节切除+椎间融合器植入组(TLIF⑶TLIF附加同侧椎弓根钉固定组；⑷TLIF附加双侧椎弓根钉固定组；⑸左侧横突间入路椎间融合器植入组ILIF⑹ILIF附加同侧椎弓根钉固定组；⑺ILIF附加双侧椎弓根钉固定组。

Objective To explore the therapeutic effect of vadian neurectomy under the nasal endoscope on the vasomotor rhinitis. Methods Anatomic measurements of vadian canal in 14 cadavers were carried out, and vadian neurectomy under the nasal endoscope was performed on 51 patients with vasomotor rhinitis.

目的：探讨鼻内窥镜下翼管神经切断术对血管运动性鼻炎的治疗作用，方法：对14个尸头进行细致的解剖测量研究，并对51例血管运动性鼻炎患者实施了鼻内窥镜下切除中鼻甲后端进路的冀管神经切断术，术后随访5年。

Methods Twelve femoral specimens from fresh adult cadavers were collected. The transverse femoral fracture models were created in the specimens by Panjabi method and randomized into 3 groups which were fixated with SCALN. ALN (auto-compression locking nail) and GK (Gross-Kempf). After fixation, tests of biological mechanics, stress-shielding analysis and measurement of stresses were performed systemically. Results were compared among the 3 groups.

采集12具成人新鲜尸体股骨标本，模拟Panjabi方法制作股骨中段横断骨折模型，将标本分为三组（每组3个标本），分别采用SCALN、第一代自动加压带锁髓内钉和普通带锁髓内钉固定，均进行系统生物力学性能测试、应力遮挡分析和应力水平测量，井进行比较。

MethodsWe chose 20 adult cadavers' lower limbs, dissected the MCNs, observed their original sites, shapes, courses and distribution, and measured the perpendicular distance from original sites of MCNs from tibial nerve, original sites of their branches to the tip of medial malleolus, and the external diameters of their main trunks and branches. ResultsThe frequency of the MCN was 95% in this array.

选择成人尸体标本20个下肢，解剖跟内侧神经，观察其发出部位、形态、走行与分布情况，分别测量并记录跟内侧神经自胫神经发出部位及其属支分支处到内踝尖平面的距离和跟内侧神经主干及其主要分支的外径。

Methods: The head and neck of 20 adult cadavers were selected and cut into cross section successively. Infratemporal space and its adjacent structures were observed and measured its length, width and area with vernier caliper and planimeter.

成人尸头颈部20例作连续横断面，观察颞下间隙及邻近结构的解剖学关系，利用游标卡尺及求积仪分别测量其长径、横径和面积。

Methods:The subclavian veins and correlative structures were observed and measured in 15 newborn cadavers (30 sides).

对 15具 30侧新生儿尸体的锁骨下静脉及相关结构进行解剖观测。

Methods Twenty-eight cervical specimens C(subscript 3~7 of human cadavers aged from 28 to 79 years were studied.

取28具C(下标 3~7)标本，年龄28~79岁。

Methods:①CT scan and anatomic dissection were performed on 26 temporal bone specimens from cadavers.

(1)26块颞骨标本解剖和CT轴位扫描，观察和测量VA的解剖结构及其与周围重要结构的位置关系。

Ten cadavers were dissected to describe the cutaneous branches of the dorsal rami nerves that should be identified and protected throughout the thoracoplasty procedure.

研究目标：在胸脊柱区辨明胸神经后支皮支的解剖分布。

Objective To provide a new anesthetic method for the cervical plexus anesthetic.Methods The structures of deep layer of anterior jugular around the anesthetic point were (15 cm below the superior margin of thyroid cartilage and the lateral 4 cm to the anteriomedian line) observed on 30 sides of adult cadavers.The distance between the importat nerves.

用30例成人标本，分层解剖观察新麻醉点（甲状软骨上缘下15 cm 与前正中线外4 cm 交点处）与颈前部深层周围结构的毗邻关系，测量了主要神经血管距麻醉点的距离。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。