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Because the fish drying Shrinkage small Shrinkage crack surfaces, more in Water, so the bibulous rate of early (see figure 4) soon, absorbing ability, 1.2 m in bibulous rate (Water absorption Measurement can reach 1 36), In the early EHD water are slower, bibulous rate in 30 m in later, when the water absorption speed enough time to also can achieve higher bibulous rate and natural drying EHD with dry bibulous rate basic same, in addition, natural drying and EHD dry fish good water resistance, 120 m in water can still keep complete shape after drying fish, but by 120 m in pieces after absorbing began.

由于热风干燥鱼的收缩率较小、表面有较多缝隙，所以在吸水初期的吸水速度很快(见图4)，吸水能力很强， 120 m in 吸水率可达到1。 36； EHD在吸水初期的吸水速度均较慢，在30 m in以后吸水速度加快，当吸水时间足够时也能达到较高的吸水率，自然干燥与EHD干燥的吸水率基本相同，另外，自然干燥和EHD干燥鱼的耐水性好， 120 m in 吸水后仍能保持完整形状，而热风干燥鱼经120 m in 吸水后即开始溃散。

Although there are many kinds of water heater including solar water heater, electric water heater and gas water heater. The gas water heater is the first choice in our country. It burns the NG or LPG to absorb the heat to supply hot water for bath by heat exchanger. It takes also 156 kiloliter oil a year in Taiwan.

虽然热水器有很多种，包括太阳能热水器、电热水器、燃气热水器等；但因燃气热水器为国人目前使用最多的一种热水器，其使用天燃气或液化石油气作为燃料，冷水透过热交换器吸收热量变成热水供洗澡之用，瓦斯年使用量约为156万公秉油当量。

The produced water which was made by crude oil dehydration containing polymer, alkaline and surfactant, brought many technique problems in the water treatment process system, this made the polymer flooding and water flooding water treatment technologies difficult to suit to the disposal requirement of the special water. The developed experiment research indicated that: because of the surfactant, the semidiameter of the oil droplets in the ASP flooding is much smaller than that in polymer flooding, and the stability of the oil droplets is higher than that in polymer flooding, The viscosity and combine difficulty of the oil droplets increased, and all the changes of speciality resulted in the increased difficulty in the ASP flooding produced water disposal.

三元复合驱采出液经脱水后得到的采出水中，因含有聚合物、碱和表面活性剂，给采出水处理工艺系统带来了一系列的技术问题，使已经应用于水驱和聚合物驱采出水处理的技术难以适应这种特性的采出水的处理要求，已经开展的实验研究表明：三元复合驱采出水中由于表面活性剂的存在，使采出水中油珠的粒径远远小于聚合物驱采出水，油珠的稳定性明显大于聚合物驱采出水；由于聚合物的存在，采出水粘度增大，使油珠聚并难度增大，这些特性的变化造成三元复合驱含油污水的处理难度大于聚合物驱。

Through researching the mechanism of biological nitrification and denitrification and actual project application of the technology and related literature materials, the obtained results are as follows:(1) Anoxybiosis is effective to the removal of COD; after the anoxic process, BOD/COD of the outflow increases, it shows that the degradation ability of wastewater is improved; anoxybiosis is insensitive when shock loading of inflow wastewater varies greatly;(2) It is demonstrated by the operation of inoculation and cultivating that biofilm takes two weeks to succeed in cultivating on packings and the removal ratios of NH3-N and COD get 50% and 70% respectively, when gas-water ratio is 6:1, HRT is 7.3 hour, water temperature is above 15°C;(3) It is demonstrated that gas-water ratio, hydraulic loading, HRT, temperature, pH etc are important factors which influence the removal effect of pollutants, when the gas-water ratio is 6:1, hydraulic loading is about 0.38kgNH3-N/m~3.d, water temperature ranges from 15°C to 27°C, pH ranges from 7.5 to 8.0, the BIOFOR removal effect of pollutants is the best;(4) The operation indicated that, this technology has strong ability of nitrification and denitrification; it has extremely vital significance for reducing the water body eutrophication;(5) It is confirmed the feasibility and the usability of preanoxic-BIOFOR process to treat L-lactic acid production wastewater. The experiment indicated that the treatment effect of this technology is very good and also shows that the technology has many advantages, such as small volume, high treatment efficiency, good effluent quality and strong endurance to load variation, this technology is a new and economical wastewater treatment process.

通过对生物脱氮机理的研究和该组合技术的实际工程应用，并结合有关文献资料，取得如下结论：(1)预缺氧池对L-乳酸生产废水中的COD去除具有一定的效果；废水中难降解的高分子物质经过缺氧工段分解为易于氧化降解的物质，浮状有机物在水解菌的作用下，将不溶性有机物水解为溶解性物质；预缺氧池具有较强的抗冲击负荷能力；(2)BIOFOR接种挂膜过程表明：HRT为7.3h、气水比为6：1、水温保持在15℃以上，经过半个月生物膜即以形成，NH_3-N和COD的去除率分别达到50％和70％左右；(3)研究表明：气水比、水力负荷、HRT、温度、pH等是影响污染物去除效率的重要因素，在气水比为6：1，NH_3-N容积负荷为0.38kgNH_3-N／m~3·d，温度在15℃-27℃，pH在7.5-8.0之间的条件下，BIOFOR对污染物的去除效率达到最佳；(4)运行表明，该组合技术具有较强的脱氮能力，对于减少水体富营养化具有十分重要的意义；(5)经过半年多实际工程的现场调试与运行，验证了利用预缺氧—BIOFOR组合工艺处理L—乳酸生产废水的可行性和实用性，得出该组合技术具有占地面积小，处理效果好，运行费用省，耐冲击负荷能力强等优点，是一项新型、经济的污水处理技术。

The incidences of 4 water-borne infectious diseases except bacteroidal diarrhea showed downtrends year after year in 10 past years.By relativity analyzing,there were negative correlations between overall incidences of 4 water-borne infectious diseases and the qualification rate of drinking water coliform group,between the incidence of hepatitis A and drinking water coliform, between the incidence of typhoid or paratyphoid and drinking water total plate countand between the incidence of typhoid or paratyphoid and drinking water coliform.

改水10年间四类主要介水传染病除菌痢以外均呈逐年下降趋势，经相关性分析，四类主要介水传染病的总发病率与饮用水大肠菌群、甲肝发病率与饮用水大肠菌群、伤寒副伤寒发病率分别与同期饮用水细菌总数和大肠菌群指标合格率变化之间呈负相关。

The results indicated that both binary interactive parameters of water/isobutanol system from this work and the parameters of water/ethanol from literature can be used to precdict the liquid-liquid equilibria of water/ethanol/isobutanol. But the parameters of ethanol/isobutanol from the literature were not appropriate for the prediction. Furthermore, the model parameters from 30℃ can can be used to predict the liquid-liquid equilibria under 35 ℃. The model parameters of water/isobutanol are independent on the temperatures, so constant parameters irrelative to temperature can meet prediction accuracy. Othmer-Tobias/Bancroft equation was also used to fit the liquid-liquid data of water/ethanol/isobutanol system, but it didnt possess the performance of predicting the liquid-liquid equilibria.The partition coefficients of dipotassium glycyrrhizinat were determined in the liquid-liquid two-phase system of water/ethanol/isobutanol and corrected by experiential equation.

结果表明：由本文的二元液液相平衡实验数据关联得到的水+异丁醇体系的相互作用参数和文献上由二元气液相平衡数据关联得到的水+乙醇体系的相互作用参数都具有预测三元液液相平衡关系的能力，而文献上由二元气液相平衡数据关联得到的乙醇+异丁醇体系的相互作用参数不具有预测三元液液相平衡关系的能力；可以用从30℃三元液液相平衡数据关联回归得到的模型参数来预测35℃时的液液相平衡关系；水+异丁醇的相互作用参数与温度关系不是很密切，计算时取与温度无关的常数即能满足关联精度要求；Othmer-Tobias和Bancroft经验方程可用于水+乙醇+异丁醇两相体系的液液相平衡关系的关联计算，但这类经验方法并不具有预测能力。

The samples'concentration level is ng/L, meanwhile, which doesn't go beyond the national standard "Environmental quantity standards for surface water-GB 3838—2002"and "Drinking water quality criteria standard GB5746-85". The study shows that the water purification palnts in The Three Gorges Reservoir Area especially those raw water from Yangtze River and Jialingjia River is safe enough for drinking and its level is low. After having tested and analyzed the raw water samples of 6 water purification plants in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, I have found several variety of PAHs and PAEs. Of which, naphthalene, fluoranthene and DEHP are priority pollutants firstly listed by SEPA..

按照《地面水环境质量标准GB 3838—2002》和《生活饮用水水质标准GB5746-85》对有机氯农药的规定，上述6 个水厂均未超标，表明三峡库区城市给水厂特别是以长江、嘉陵江为水源的水厂，其有机氯农药污染较轻，饮用水水质安全。6 个给水厂的原水均检出含有多种PAHs 和PAEs，其中包括有我国国家环境保护总局首批公布的水中优先检测污染物萘、荧蒽、DEHP。

Water samples were extracted and purified and collected by solid-phase extraction LC-18 column. Soil samples were extracted by ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (2:1, by vol) and purified by sulphonation. Wheat sample was extracted by acetonitrile/water (4:1, by vol) and purified and collected by SPE- Florisil column.

水样直接用LC-18固相萃取小柱分离、净化和富集；采用乙酸乙酯／石油醚（体积比2：1）振荡提取，磺化法净化，测定土壤中氯氟吡氧乙酸残留量；以乙腈／水（体积比4：1）为提取剂，氟罗里硅土固相萃取小柱分离、净化，测定小麦样品中氯氟吡氧乙酸的残留量。

Combined with water and then covered with fire stew, and pour out of steam, with a kitchen knife into filaments, bit by bit into the cage, and then pickled lumps of pressed wood, put it step by step, after the full release Sorghum followed by pole size of the cut-off into the mouth urn-shaped section, I urn on the top, coupled with a "pebble" pressed, the urn will be placed in the shade, add water daily, so that the leaves ferment inside the urn after the juice is leaking "Red Water" spillover.

然后再加水上盖用火焖，蒸熟后倒出来，用菜刀切成细丝，一点一点地放进笼中，再用木制的腌菜疙瘩压紧，一层一层放置，放足后用高粱杆跟着瓮口大小截成段状，放在瓮口，上面再加一块&鹅卵石&压紧，将瓮置于阴凉处，逐日加清水，使瓮内菜叶发酵后渗出原汁即&红水&外溢。

Thirdly, by con-utilaziont of many methods such as exploitation and geology, dynamic producing process monitoring, water invasion behavior, core analyis and numerical simulation, 10 kinds of reservoir scale remaining oil distribution pattern in the steam huff and puff super heavy crude oil reservoir was put forward. Also, remainling oil distribution in the sand bed scale and sublayer scale were pointed out.Fourthly, Microcosmic displacement experiment was conducted for hot water driving in 100℃and 120℃. and steam drive at 170℃condition. Microcosmic remaining oil distribution characteristics were summarized. Remaining oil microcosmic distribution by steam drive at 170℃is different from that at 100℃, 120℃hot water driving. After the steam drive, there are three types of remaining oil distribute regular pattern, whic is impacted by many affecting factors like pore configuration, wettability and interfacial tension.

分析了砂层组规模和小层规模的纵向和平面剩余油分布规律。4、通过微观驱替实验，研究了100℃和120℃的热水驱及170℃蒸汽驱条件下剩余油的微观分布形态。170℃条件下剩余油微观分布形态同时受孔隙结构、润湿性及界面张力多种因素的影响，主要有三种形式：在油、汽、水三相共存的孔隙中，剩余油分布于汽、水之间，为薄膜状和弯月状；在只有油、汽两相共存的孔隙中，大孔道中主要是蒸汽，剩余油在细小的孔喉和孔隙角隅处以段塞或不规则状态存在；由于高温水蒸汽对原油具有萃取作用，剩余油以一种细小的珠滴状存在于孔隙表面。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。