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A ship course controller is designed for Norrbin nonlinear ship mathematical model with matching uncertainty. Combining the backstepping algorithm with the nonlinear damping algorithm to design controller, the nonlinear damping is used to cancel the uncertainty. The integral item is introduced in the design to improve the performance of the controller. Now, general ships can only use the electric gyrocompass to measure the course angle, but they have no equipments to measure the angular velocity, so in this article another ship course controller of output feedback is designed for Norrbin nonlinear ship, firstly the angular velocity is estimated by the observer and then the ship course controller is designed.

本文基于含有匹配不确定项的Norrbin非线性船舶数学模型，将backstepping算法和非线性阻尼算法相结合设计船舶航向控制器，利用非线性阻尼来抵消系统的不确定项，同时为了更好地改善系统的性能，在设计过程中引入了积分项；由于目前一般船舶只有电罗经用于测量船舶的航向角，还没有测量船舶航向角速度的设备，因此，针对Norrbin非线性船舶模型设计了一种输出反馈控制器，首先利用观测器对船舶航向角速度进行估计，然后再设计船舶航向控制器。

The acquisition of ship motion and wave loading is based on the linear response of ship in harmonic wave and calculated by ship with no speed running beam sea, which is believed the most dangerous loading condition for SWATH ship according to the ship model testing results.

确定船体运动和波浪载荷的方法是以谐波中船舶的线性响应为基础，按零航速横浪来计算的。

The basic principle is based on spherical astronomy and elementary geometry of the trajectory mapping method based on the observation of a celestial body zenith distance, then the ship is located in order to sing the next point as the center of this satellite zenith distance of the ship's position as the radius of the circle, observing the same two objects, or objects at different times of the two observations, we can get two ship's position round, then the ship must have been a point of intersection of two ship's position on the circle.

其基本原理是建立在球面天文学和初等几何中的轨迹作图法基础上的，观测一个天体的天顶距，则航船就位于以星下点为圆心，此星天顶距为半径的船位圆上，观测两个天体或者不同时间同一天体的两个观测值，就可以得到两个船位圆，则航船一定在两个船位圆的一个交点上。

The main contents of the course include: Traditional ship design method based on empirical classification rules; Modern ship design method based on the first principles approach. Structural loads, loads combinations and loading criteria; Ship structural components configuration and arrangements; Ship initial scantling calculation based on the new rules; Ship total strength assessment including yielding, buckling and ultimate strength analysis.

主要内容包括：基于传统的船级社半经验公式的船舶设计方法；基于第一原理的现代结构设计方法；结构设计载荷，载荷组合和载荷衡准；结构部件选型和布置；基于新规范的结构构件初始尺寸计算；船舶结构整体强度分析，包括：屈服，失稳和终极强度分析。

So this paper takes the middle speed and small power of ship diesel engine as research object, and with the title of the matching research of ship diesel engine with screw propeller and the optimized design of cooling system to research the matching design of ship power system. And the main content of this paper is as the following:(1) The establishment of matching calculation platform of screw propeller and diesel engine. This paper starts with the analysis of balance of ship energy, and gets energy transfer relationship between ship diesel engine and screw propeller.

为此，本论文以中速小功率船舶柴油机为研究对象，以船舶机桨匹配与冷却系统优化设计为题进行船舶动力系统匹配设计研究，主要内容有：(1)船舶机桨匹配设计计算平台的建立本论文基于船舶能量平衡问题分析，推导螺旋桨与船舶柴油机之间能量传递关系，分析螺旋桨与柴油机的匹配设计。

It is respectively: Production, facility for transporting operates personnel: Jockey of lathe work, milling, grinding work, boring labour, solderer, modular machine tool, machining center jockey, casting matchs benchwork, besmear to install ship-fitter of ship-fitter of equipment of benchwork of labour, tool, boiler, electric machinery, discretion to control ship-fitter of appearance of ship-fitter of appearance of instrument of electric equipment ship-fitter, electron, electrical engineering instrument, machine; Irrigation works of aricultural herd fishing produces personnel: Inspector of quarantine of the member that animal epidemic disease prevents and cure, animal, firedamp produces work; Personnel of line of business of commerce, service: The member that assistant, bagman, publication is issued, Chinese traditional medicine purchase and sale, clerk of the member that the division of division of appraisal appraisal division, Chinese style noodle, Chinese style noodle, Western-style

分别是：生产、运输设备操作人员：车工、铣工、磨工、镗工、焊工、组合机床操作工、加工中心操作工、铸配钳工、涂装工、工具钳工、锅炉设备装配工、电机装配工、高低压电器装配工、电子仪器仪表装配工、电工仪器仪表装配工、机修钳工、汽车修理工、摩托车维修工、精密仪器仪表修理工、锅炉设备安装工、变电设备安装工、维修电工、计算机维修工、手工木工、精细木工、音响调音员、贵金属首饰手工制作工、土石方机械操作工、砌筑工、混凝土工、钢筋工、架子工、防水工、装饰装修工、电气设备安装工、管工、汽车驾驶员、起重装卸机械操作工、化学检验工、食品检验工、纺织纤维检验工、贵金属首饰钻石检验员、防腐蚀工；农林牧渔水利生产人员：动物疫病防治员、动物检疫检验员、沼气生产工；商业、服务业人员：营业员、推销员、出版物发行员、中药购销员、鉴定估价师、中式面点师、中式面点师、西式烹调师、西式面点师、调酒师、营养配菜员、餐厅服务员、前厅服务员、客户服务员、保健按摩师、职业指导员、物业指导员、物业治理员、锅炉操作工、美容师、美发师、摄影师、眼镜验光员、眼镜定配工、家用电子产品维修工、家用电器产品维修工、照相器材维修工、钟表维修工、办公设备维修工、保育员、家政服务员、养老护理员；办事人员和有关人员：秘书、公关员、计算机操作员、制图员、话务员、用户通信终端维修员。

The products of Huaxin Company are mainly distributed to the Shipyard ,shipping companies and companies of ship fitting facilities of more than 20 provinces along the rivers and seas ,meanwhile ,most priducts have been exported to abroad and abopted for the ships and facilities of classed ship and unclassed ship ,work ship ,barge and arsenal ship etc.

产品主要销往江、海地域二十多个省市的修、造船厂；航运公司；船用配套公司等单位；并有大量产品用于外贸出口，被入级船及非入级船舶、工程船、趸船及军船等等船舶及设施上广泛选用。

At last, all related problems due to ship type and towing speed influencing the quality of captured images and results were discussed. A ship model with V-shape bottom and protruding keel might cause some disadvantages for PIV measurements. The use of longer laser light ducts extending deeper is a possible solution. A ship model with light yellow paint will cause the unproportionate of light and will cause white background on captured images. It is suggested to re-paint the ship model in black or dark colors to solve this problem. In high-speed test conditions, a ship model's bow waves entrain large amount of air bubbles into water and those bubbles will block the view of camera causing some random black spots in the images. Thus, it is necessary to remove the useless black spot data and repeat the same test condition if statistics requires enough number of images.

本文讨论建立此系统之技术及实验方法，设备的架置方式和配置为一可调性调整之开放式架构，质点施放方法以一自制的施放架於实验前先布置於测试段中，并制定一实验流程规范，再分别针对实验所得滑航型及排水量型船模的流线方向及切流线方向各不同位置及船速之速度进行流场分析；实验结果发现不同船型会造成不同的实验困难：船形上突起之龙骨及V形船底会遮住照明光线，可利用较深之导管调整光页角度改善；而浅色船模表面会造成光线的不均匀，可以更改船模涂装颜色改善；高速实验的气泡会不定点的遮住光线，须先除去无资料区域并使用更多资料组数来改善。

The research of this thesis is under the circumstances that the international shipping center of Shanghai builds Yangshan deep water port project, first of all, through its SWOT analytical method analyze Shanghai maritime affairs situation, maritime affairs office existing boat policy, Yangshan deep water port hydrometeorological situation, analyze the present main ship type, to explain the background of the choice the ship the small waterline, to put forward the necessity of building small water-plane area twin hull maritime affairs patrol ships. Then, it introduces the principle, characteristic of the small waterline, and has analyzed the domestic and international state of development of the SWATH ship, and conclude that it is feasible to build SWATH maritime affairs patrol ship technical, through the research and analyze of design at home and abroad,; Then it analyzed the application of the SWATH ship in maritime affairs manage both at home and abroad, put forward the preliminary scheme, and carry on research to the economic performance of technology of the scheme, through putting forward the preliminary model of plan of design to main yardstick and selecting type of host computer finally after relatively optimize, and confirm design specifications .

本文的研究是在上海国际航运中心建设核心工程洋山深水港的大前提下，首先，通过利用SWOT分析方法分析了上海海事局面临的形势，对上海海事局现有航政管理船舶现状进行分析，对洋山深水港海域的水文气象情况进行了调研，对当前主要船型进行分析，对选择小水线面船的背景加以阐述，提出建设小水线面双体海事巡逻船的必要性：接着，对小水线面船的原理、特点加以介绍，并对小水线面船国内外发展状况进行了分析，对国内设计建造小水线面双体海事巡逻船的技术可行性进行了研究分析，得出国内设计建造小水线面双体巡逻船在技术上是可行的；然后对国内外应用于海事管理等工作的小水线面船型进行分析，提出初步的方案，并对方案的技术经济性能进行研究，通过对主尺度和主机选型等进行比较优化后最终提出初步的设计方案模型，并确定设计任务书。

In the thesis some suggestions and ideas are provided such as FSA should be introduced into the legislation of ship technology; Different safety evaluation way and means should be set up according to different ship safety fields; Refer to the frame of rules and regulations of fire safety in international convention, drafts about ship fire safety in 2005 amendment of Regulations of Domestic Ship Survey Technology should be redrafted; Uncertainty analysis method, for instance RSI method, could be used in drafting and evaluating the rules and regulations for ship statutory survey in the new period.The topic of the thesis is novel and unique.

通过研究，笔者提出了若干建议和看法，比如：在船舶技术立法工作中必须引入综合安全评估方法；对于不同的船舶安全领域应建立不同的安全评估方法和手段；根据国际公约的消防安全法规框架，重新起草2005年修改通报中有关船舶消防安全的草案案文；并且还提出探索用&不确定性方法&作为新时期船检技术法规起草的革命性方法和手段。

A carrier gas such as nitrogen is directed through line 20 and valve 22 to connect with line 26 and mix with the gas sample.

如氮气之类的载体通过管线20和阀22引入，与管线26相通，与气体样品混合。

But for the most part, knaves and parasites had the command of his fortune

然而支配他的家产的大多是恶棍和寄生虫。