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The laws and regulations of Chinese ship registration can be found in the《The Maritime Law of the People"s Republic of Chinas》、《The ship registration regulation of the People"s Republic of China》、《The oceanic environment law of the People"s Republic of China》、《The execution explanation of the ship registration regulation》、《The minimum security regulation for the stuff on ship of the People"s Republic of China》、《The security regulation for the ship of the People"s Republic of China》、《The management of ship"s name、the regulation of the aged ship》and etc. The writer would like to study the ship registration from the respect of the public law and analyze the present registration system in China through the research on the theory and the development of the ship registration in the world and relevant international treaties .

我国关于船舶登记问题的法律法规主要有《中华人民共和国海商法》、《中华人民共和国船舶登记条例》、《中华人民共和国海洋环境保护法》、《中华人民共和国船舶登记条例》实施若干问题说明、《中华人民共和国船舶最低安全配员规则》、《中华人民共和国船舶安全检查规则》、《船舶名称管理办法》、《老旧运输船舶管理规定》等。

If the ship comes into collision with another ship as a result of the negligence of the other ship and any act, neglect or default of the Master, mariner, pilot or the servants of the Carrier in the navigation or in the management of the ship, the owners of the goods carried hereunder will indemnify the Carrier against all loss or liability to the other or non-carrying ship or her owners in so far as such loss or liability represents loss of, or damage to, or any claim whatsoever of the owners of said goods, paid or payable by the other or non-carrying ship or her owners to the owners of said goods and set off, recouped or recovered by the other or non-carrying ship or her owners as part of their claim against the carrying ship or the Carrier.

九、如果因其他船舶的过失以及承运人的船长、船员、领航员、或雇员在航行或管船上的任何行为、疏忽或玩忽职守而导致船舶与其他船舶碰撞，所运载货物的货主将保证承运人免于对所有损失或对其他或非载货船舶或其船东承担任何责任，只要此种损失或责任属于上述货主的货物的灭失、损失、或任何权利主张范畴，已由或应由其他或非载货船舶或其船东向上述货主偿付以及作为对运载船舶或承运人的部分索赔而被其他或非载货船舶或其船东抵消、扣除或追偿。

If the ship comes into collision with another ship as a result of the negligence of the other ship and any act, neglect or default of the Master, mariner, pilot or the servants of the Carrier in the navigation or in the management of the ship, the owners of the goods carried hereunder will indemnifythe Carrier against all loss or liability to the other or non-carrying ship or her owners in so far as such loss or liability represents loss of, or damage to, or any claim whatsoever of the owners of said goods, paid or payable by the other or non-carrying ship or her owners to the owners of said goodsand set off, recouped or recovered by the other or non-carrying ship or her owners as part of their claim against the carrying ship or the Carrier.

九、如果因其他船舶的过失以及承运人的船长、船员、领航员、或雇员在航行或管船上的任何行为、疏忽或玩忽职守而导致船舶与其他船舶碰撞，所运载货物的货主将保证承运人免于对所有损失或对其他或非载货船舶或其船东承担任何责任，只要此种损失或责任属于上述货主的货物的灭失、损失、或任何权利主张范畴，已由或应由其他或非载货船舶或其船东向上述货主偿付以及作为对运载船舶或承运人的部分索赔而被其他或非载货船舶或其船东抵消、扣除或追偿。

Shanghai marisoft is a department of Shanghai Maritime University that specializes in studying the informationlization of ship management and developing the information system. Our staffs are made up of many technologists experienced in ship and equipment management and masters and doctors of new generation. For years we have been engaging in fault diagnosis, new technology receiving and assimilation, ship management model demonstration, ship cost controlling, ship management information system developing, ship web site construction, ship-shore data communication and ship technical support. We also have several intellectual property rights.

上海海事软件是上海海事大学专门从事船舶信息化研究与信息化产品开发的一个研发部门，有多年从事船舶管理、设备管理的资深技术人员与新一代的博士、硕士毕业生组成，多年来主要从事船舶管理信息化软件产品的开发，船舶网站建设，船岸数据传送与再现；船舶设备故障诊断，船舶新技术引进与消化，船舶管理咨询，国际公约履约技术保障，拥有知识产权多项。

The research work of this paper is divided into five parts: The first ,according to the work characteristics of ship's auxiliary boiler, this paper is to design applied project in the automatic control system of ship's auxiliary boiler; The second, according to the work request of the cargo winch of alternating three-speed change-pole speed-adjusting, this paper is to determine adopting the method of the PLC control; The third, this paper is to design PLC application in three -phase induction motor control, to give the ladder chart, program and input and output circuit diagram; The fourth, this paper is to research the method of the ship's combined starting screen automatic control with the PLC; The fifth, this paper is to inquire the possibility of apply the PLC in ship's engine room surveillance system; According to the comprehensive analysis of above actual example of ship's auxiliary machinery automatic system with the technique of PLC; not only can use the technique of PLC to replace traditional relay-contactor control technique in ship's auxiliary machinery automatic system, but also can get the conclusion of the former is more dependable and more clever than the latter, the maintenance is more convenient, thus develop a new path for ship automation.

本文研究的工作主要包括五个部分：第一，根据船舶辅锅炉的工作特点，设计PLC在船舶辅锅炉自动控制系统中的应用方案，主要有PLC选型及输入输出点的设计，画出系统控制梯形图并分析工作原理；第二，根据交流三速变极调速起货机的工作要求，确定采用PLC控制的方法，进行控制系统的硬件设计和软件设计，并分析工作原理：第三，设计了PLC在三相异步电动机控制中的应用，给出了控制梯形图、程序及输入、输出接线图；第四，研究了用PLC实现船舶组合起动屏自动控制的方法，进行了系统的电源设计和软件设计，给出系统工作流程图；第五，探讨了船舶机舱监视系统应用PLC的可行性，将继电器报警线路改为用PLC控制报警，给出系统硬件图和软件梯形图，并分析了PLC机的选型、抗干扰和应用PLC的经济效益和社会效益等问题。综合以上船舶辅助机械自动控制系统采用PLC技术的实例分析，可以得出船舶辅助机械自动控制系统不但可以使用PLC技术取代传统的继电器接触器控制技术，而且前者比后者更可靠、更小巧，维护保养更方便的结论，从而为船舶自动化开辟了一条新的路径。无忧毕业设计网 www.5ubs.cn

The application materials shall include: written application, sample of the ocean bill of lading used by the applicant ship company, credit certifications of the applicant ship company, business license and ship materials (including ship classification, nationality of ship, and ship ownership certificate etc); for across-strait tramp ship transport by time charter or bareboat charter, copy of the charter contract or corresponding documents shall also be provided.

申请材料包括：申请书，申请船公司使用的海运提单样本，申请船公司的资信证明、营业执照及船舶资料（包括船级、船籍、船舶所有权证书等），使用期租或光租船舶经营两岸不定期运输的，还应提供期租合同或相应文件的复印件。

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A little after Noon I found the Sea very calm, and the Tyde ebb'd so far out, that I could come within a Quarter of a Mile of the Ship; and here I found a fresh renewing of my Grief, for I saw evidently, that if we had kept on board, we had been all safe, that is to say, we had all got safe on Shore, and I had not been so miserable as to be left entirely destitute of all Comfort and Company, as I now was; this forc'd Tears from my Eyes again, but as there was little Relief in that, I resolv'd, if possible, to get to the Ship, so I pull'd off my Clothes, for the Weather was hot to Extremity, and took the Water, but when I came to the Ship, my Difficulty was still greater to know how to get on board, for as she lay a ground, and high out of the Water, there was nothing within my Reach to lay hold of; I swam round her twice, and the second Time I spy'd a small Piece of a Rope, which I wonder'd I did not see at first, hang down by the Fore-Chains so low, as that with great Difficulty I got hold of it, and by the help of that Rope, got up into the Forecastle of the Ship; here I found that the Ship was bulg'd, and had a great deal of Water in her Hold, but that she lay so on the Side of a Bank of hard Sand, or rather Earth, that her Stern lay lifted up upon the Bank, and her Head low almost to the Water; by this Means all her Quarter was free, and all that was in that Part was dry; for you may be sure my first Work was to search and to see what was spoil'd and what was free; and first I found that all the Ship's Provisions were dry and untouch'd by the Water, and being very well dispos'd to eat, I went to the Bread-room and fill'd my Pockets with Bisket, and eat it as I went about other things, for I had no time to lose; I also found some Rum in the great Cabbin, of which I took a large Dram, and which I had indeed need enough of to spirit me for what was before me: Now I wanted nothing but a Boat to furnish my self with many things which I forsaw would be very necessary to me.

午后不久，海面风平浪静，潮水也已远远退去。我只要走下海岸，泅上几十米，即可到达大船。这时，我心里不禁又难过起来。因为我想到，倘若昨天我们全船的人不下小艇，仍然留在大船上，大家必定会平安无事。这时就可安抵陆地；我也不会像现在这样，孤苦伶仃孑然一身了。而现在，我既无乐趣，又无伴侣。想到这里，我忍不住流下泪来。可是，现在悲伤于事无济，我即决定只要可能就先上船去。当时，天气炎热，我便脱掉衣服，跳下水去。可是，当我泅到船边时，却没法上去，因为船已搁浅，故离水面很高；我两臂所及，没有任何可以抓住的东西。我绕船游了两圈，忽然发现一根很短的绳子。我惊异自己先前竟没有看见这根绳子。那绳子从船头上挂下来，绳头接近水面；我毫不费力地抓住绳子往上攀登，进入了船上的前舱。上去后发现船已漏水，舱底进满了水。因为船搁浅在一片坚硬的沙滩上，船尾上翘，船头几乎都浸在水里，所以船的后半截没有进水。可以想像，我急于要查看一下哪些东西已损坏，哪些东西还完好无损。首先，我发现船上的粮食都还干燥无恙。这时，我当然先要吃些东西，就走到面包房去，把饼干装满了自己的衣袋，同时边吃边干其他活儿，因为我必须抓紧时间才行。我又在大舱里找到了一些甘蔗酒，就喝了一大杯。此时此刻，我极需喝点酒提提神。我这时只想有一只小船，把我认为将来需要的东西，统统运到岸上去。

Power station is an important composition of a ship. Ship motor relay-protection equipment is an importance guarantee for safe power supply of ship power system. In order to realize experimental education innovation, we inquire into the experimental equipment of ship motor relay-protection. It will make student, who are major in maritime engineering , know the equipment of ship motor relay-protection and the mechanism of air circuit breaker better. Then they will be persons who are accord to the STCW78/95 pact. On the other hand this research will be powerful quest for computer-controlled ship motor relay-protection testing equipment.

船舶电站是船舶重要组成部分，船用发电机的继电保护装置是船舶电力系统安全供电的重要保证，为了实现实验教学改革，培养符合STCW78／95公约的轮机专业人才，使轮机专业学生深入认识船用发电机主开关继电保护装置和主开关的机械结构，研制了微机控制的船用发电机继电保护试验装置；同时，该试验装置的研制将成为对微机化船用发电机继电保护测试装置的有力探索。

It not only makes sure for the ship safety, but also reduces the ship rotation in the time from the ship aft floating to whole ship folating during the ship launch, as well as preventing the ship"" impact with the slipway.

本文主要是提出合适的下水方案，既要保证船舶下水常规安全，又要尽量减小下水过程中从尾浮至全浮阶段船体的偏转，避免船体与船台相碰撞事故。

A carrier gas such as nitrogen is directed through line 20 and valve 22 to connect with line 26 and mix with the gas sample.

如氮气之类的载体通过管线20和阀22引入，与管线26相通，与气体样品混合。

But for the most part, knaves and parasites had the command of his fortune

然而支配他的家产的大多是恶棍和寄生虫。