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The mechanism of carbonization process of aluminate solution was analyzed thermodynamically. The results show that the internal reason of precipitation of Al3 in the process is its spontaneous nucleation caused by supersaturation of aluminate solution. The behaviors of SiO2 in the process are in accordance with that from published experiment, which implies that the content of product SiO2 from carbonization depends on its solubility but is not the result of absorption. The thermodynamic calculation for forming Na2O·Al2O3·2CO2· n H2O was achieved.

摘 要：为对高浓度铝酸钠溶液碳酸化分解过程中产品杂质含量的控制提供理论依据，分析了铝酸钠溶液碳酸化分解过程的热力学，认为该过程中Al3析出的真正机理是过饱和铝酸钠溶液的自发结晶；而基于分解过程中平衡浓度的热力学计算表明，在碳酸化分解过程中SiO2的变化规律与公认的三段变化规律一致，说明该过程产品中SiO2的含量取决于它在溶液中的平衡浓度，而非吸附所致；同时还分析了丝钠铝石的形成热力学。

The calculation results show that the temperature of the valve cone changes periodically, leading to thermal stress changes periodically, which is the main reason of the valve cone pit corrosion; the operating temperature of the valve can be reduced by using the higher thermal conductivity materials; at the Same time, 3-D FEM provides a good theoretical basis in the process of the design and improvement for the parts of ICE.

计算结果表明：气门锥面处周期性的温度变化，会导致周期性变化的热应力，是导致气门锥面疲劳点蚀的主要原因；采用较高导热系数的材料可降低气门的工作温度；同时，三维有限元法能为内燃机零部件的进一步设计改进提供很好的理论依据。

The paper falls into three parts: firstly, the concept of native folk was definited and the characteristic of native folk was analysed, and then the native folk element presented in modern novels were discussed. Secondly, the forms of expression in different period of the native folk in modern novels represented by writings of Lu Xun,Shen Cong-wen and Zhao Shu-li were analysed. Finally, on the basis of the second chapter, the reason why the native folk has different forms of expression in 30years of the modern literature was further discussed from the writers angle--thedifferent way of clerisies being concerned with native folk.

本论文共分三个部分：首先，对&民间&的理念进行梳理，对&乡土民间&的概念进行界定并分析它的特征，进而具体讨论现代小说创作中所呈现出来的乡土民间这一元素；其次，以鲁迅、沈从文、赵树理的作品为代表来分析现代小说发展不同阶段&乡土民间&的表现形态；最后，承接第二章探讨为什么在现代文学三十年中&乡土民间&具有不同的表现形态，进一步从作家创作的角度来分析，也即知识分子参与&乡土民间&的不同方式。

In this paper,by analyzing the reason of incidents,the safety problem of steel tubular scaffold with couplers in construction is discussed,and combining experience of safety management,the project to solve this problem is put forward.

针对扣件式钢管脚手架应用广泛，但其在施工中发生安全事故的频率较高，通过对发生事故原因的分析，论述了扣件式脚手架施工中存在的安全问题，结合安全管理的经验，提出了解决问题的方案。

One of the most popular Italian digestives is a kind of distilled spirit made of "vinaccia", the leftover including pressed skin, seeds and so on of wine making. It normally comes between 40 to 52 percent alcolhol content. For the reason that it's the by-product of grape wine making, areas of wine productions are natually production area of this kind of spirit, that is, France and Italy.

义大利著名的餐后酒之一，是将酿造葡萄酒的过程中所残留下来的酒糟拿来蒸馏而出的烈酒，酒精浓度通常在40-52%之间；由於它实际上是酿制葡萄酒的副产品，因此盛产葡萄酒的地区自然也就成为它的主要生产地，以法国和义大利为主要产区。

By inspecting modern disposition of jurisdiction of arrest, drows the conclusion that the improvement of productive power and the development of history are the basic reason of the modern disposition of jurisdiction of arrests coming into being.

通过考察现代批捕权配置的形成，分析了生产力的发展与社会历史的进步，是形成现代批捕权配置的根本原因。

By the research of history and current situation, I sum the achievements of our export credit insurance, analysis the problem and reason of export credit insurance, and point out the necessity of developing our country export credit insurance at last.

通过对我国出口信用保险的发展历程和现状进行分析，进而对我国出口信用保险取得的成就进行总结，同时也针对出口信用保险发展过程中存在的问题和相关原因进行分析，指出进一步发展我国出口信用保险的必要性。

The reason of the transformation is that the evolvement of folktales is dominated by the culture and system of the society.

这一起源于农耕社会的民间故事在从中国传播到日本的过程中，由以兄弟分家为背景引起的两兄弟型故事转变为互为邻居的两个老人之间的故事。

"When you combine the ideas of whistles at night, the presence of a band of gipsies who are on intimate terms with this old doctor, the fact that we have every reason to believe that the doctor has an interest in preventing his stepdaughter's marriage, the dying allusion to a band, and, finally, the fact that Miss Helen Stoner heard a metallic clang, which might have been caused by one of those metal bars that secured the shutters falling back into its place, I think that there is good ground to think that the mystery may be cleared along those lines."

&当你把晚间的哨声、跟这位老医生有亲密关系的那群吉卜赛人的存在、我们有充足理由相信医生有意阻止他的继女结婚的事实、弥留之际对'群伙'的暗示、最后还有，海伦小姐听到的金属当当声可能是由那些防止窗板落下的其中一根铁棍产生的事实联系起来，我想我们有很好的依据认为我们能弄清楚这个迷。&

But the speech hegemony caused by the ideologization of scientism has done some damage to the many-faceted of human culture, and brings about many harmful affect for social lives, which is also the main reason of the emergence of " critique of scientism".

科学主义意识形态化后所造成的话语霸权曾对文化多元性的发展产生巨大的破坏作用，对社会生活产生多方面的影响，这也是&科学主义批判&产生的主要原因。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐