查询词典 by half

More controversial will be TNK-BP, an Anglo-Russian company that is half-owned by BP and half by a clutch of tycoons (unpopular and therefore vulnerable).

更有争议的是一个英－俄公司TNK-BP，它的一般所有权是BP，一半被大亨掌握。

This paper presents an IFMC CAD model that consits of a geometry model and a material model, in which the geometry space acts as a base space and the material space acts as a bundle space. In this CAD model, the geometry model is based on the non-manifold model. In addition, a half-face data sturucture, which is derived from the half-edge data structure with the non-manifold feature of IFMC taken into account, is adopted to represent the geometry and topology information of the component. For the material model of IFMC, this paper focuses on the FGM component representation firstly and present a simplex-subdivision based CAD data exchange format, in which the material information is represented as a (n-1) simplex and material distributing feature is represented by the interpolation on the simplex-subdivision. Based on those, a part-building orientation optimization algorithm and an adaptive slicing algorithm for FGM component are presented in the paper. For the IFMC material model, the IFMC material information representation is divided into a meso-scale and a macro-scale representation. In the meso-scale, a concept named parameterized periodic functional meso-structure is presented as a unique form to represent the FGM (the homogeneous materials are regarded as a special FGM), the composite and the functional meso-structure material. The model of PMS is a three-tuple that contains the space state informatation, the material parameter and the material meso-scale distribution feature. The macro-scale material information representation is similar to the FGM components by interpolation of the control parameter of the periodical functional meso-structure based on the simplex-subdivision. Through an example of manufacturing-oriented IFMC CAD data processing, it is proved that the IFMC CAD model and the material information representation and process method proposed in this paper can provide a reliable data support for IFMC digital concurrent design and manufacturing.

本文将理想材料零件CAD模型建立在以几何空间为底空间、以材料空间为丛空间的结构上，使用非流形几何模型作为理想材料零件几何拓扑模型的基础，并在半边数据结构基础上，针对理想材料零件的非流形特征局限内部边界上的特点，给出了一个半面数据结构来表述零件的几何拓扑信息；对于理想材料零件的材料模型，本文先从功能梯度材料零件的信息表述与CAD数据交换和处理入手，将材料信息表述为（n-1）维单纯形，然后通过对三维几何区域的单纯剖分，以插值的方式表述零件材料分布特征；在此基础上，根据功能梯度材料零件分层制造中对CAD数据处理的要求，给出了综合考虑零件几何特征与材料特征的生长方向优化算法和自适应切片算法；而对于文中所定义的理想材料零件，本文将其材料信息表述分解到细观和宏观两个尺度进行，首先给出了细观尺度上参数化的周期性功能细结构概念，以此来统一表述功能梯度材料（单质材料作为特殊的功能梯度材料看待）、复合材料和功能细结构材料；把周期性功能细结构模型化为一个包含空间状态信息、材料构成参数和材料细观分布特征参数的三元组，以表达零件的细观材料特征；对于零件宏观的材料变化特征，则同样在几何区域单纯剖分的基础上，通过对细观尺度上周期性功能细结构控制参数的插值来完成；通过理想材料零件CAD数据处理的算例，验证了本文中理想材料零件CAD模型及材料信息表述与处理方法完全可以为理想材料零件的数字化制造提供可靠的数据支持。

This paper presents an IFMC CAD model that consits of a geometry model and a material model, in which the geometry space acts as a base space and the material space acts as a bundle space. In this CAD model, the geometry model is based on the non-manifold model. In addition, a half-face data sturucture, which is derived from the half-edge data structure with the non-manifold feature of IFMC taken into account, is adopted to represent the geometry and topology information of the component.For the material model of IFMC, this paper focuses on the FGM component representation firstly and present a simplex-subdivision based CAD data exchange format, in which the material information is represented as a (n-1) simplex and material .distributing feature is represented by the interpolation on the simplex-subdivision. Based on those, a part-building orientation optimization algorithm and an adaptive slicing algorithm for FGM component are presented in the paper.For the IFMC material model, the IFMC material information representation is divided into a meso-scale and a macro-scale representation. In the meso-scale, a concept named parameterized periodic functional meso-structure is presented as a unique form to represent the FGM (the homogeneous materials are regarded as a special FGM), the composite and the functional meso-structure material. The model of PMS is a three-tuple that contains the space stateinformatation, the material parameter and the material meso-scale distribution feature. The macro-scale material information representation is similar to the FGM components by interpolation of the control parameter of the periodical functional meso-structure based on the simplex-subdivision.Through an example of manufacturing-oriented IFMC CAD data processing, it is proved that the IFMC CAD model and the material information representation and process method proposed in this paper can provide a reliable data support for IFMC digital concurrent design and manufacturing.

本文将理想材料零件CAD模型建立在以几何空间为底空间、以材料空间为丛空间的结构上，使用非流形几何模型作为理想材料零件几何拓扑模型的基础，并在半边数据结构基础上，针对理想材料零件的非流形特征局限内部边界上的特点，给出了一个半面数据结构来表述零件的几何拓扑信息；对于理想材料零件的材料模型，本文先从功能梯度材料零件的信息表述与CAD数据交换和处理入手，将材料信息表述为(n-1)维单纯形，然后通过对三维几何区域的单纯剖分，以插值的方式表述零件材料分布特征；在此基础上，根据功能梯度材料零件分层制造中对CAD数据处理的要求，给出了综合考虑零件几何特征与材料特征的生长方向优化算法和自适应切片算法；而对于文中所定义的理想材料零件，本文将其材料信息表述分解到细观和宏观两个尺度进行，首先给出了细观尺度上参数化的周期性功能细结构概念，以此来统一表述功能梯度材料(单质材料作为特殊的功能梯度材料看待)、复合材料和功能细结构材料；把周期性功能细结构模型化为一个包含空间状态信息、材料构成参数和材料细观分布特征参数的三元组，以表达零件的细观材料特征；对于零件宏观的材料变化特征，则同样在几何区域单纯剖分的基础上，通过对细观尺度上周期性功能细结构控制参数的插值来完成；通过理想材料零件CAD数据处理的算例，验证了本文中理想材料零件CAD模型及材料信息表述与处理方法完全可以为理想材料零件的数字化制造提供可靠的数据支持。

In our factory , half of the workers work by day and half of the work by night .

在我们的工厂里，一半工人在白天工作，一半工人在夜里工作。

For the Belgians, goals by Jovanovic during the first half, Sa Pinto (at the beginning of the second half), and by the Brasilian De Camargo at 10 minutes to the end.

上半场，客队由Jovanovic打入第一个进球，下半场开始由Sa Pinto 打进第2个进球，终场前10分钟由Brasilian De Camargo 锁定胜利。

Cable networks obtain about half of their revenues from advertising and half from carriage fees paid by the firms that distribute their channels, which in turn get paid by subscribers.

对于有线电视网络来讲，其总收入的一半来自广告业务，而另一半则来自其它公司为使用有线电视频道所支付的费用，而这部分费用又来自各公司在收费电视节目中获得的收入。

There is strong evidence that the various communities are beginning to mix. Almost half of all Afro-Caribbean men in relationships have a white partner. Mixed-race Britons of all sorts numbered 674,000 in 2001. A-level English students last year were set "White Teeth", an award-winning first novel about relations among immigrant communities by Zadie Smith, who is half-English and half-Jamaican.

有力的证据显示有些社区正在混合，几乎一半的男性加勒比黑人都有白人伴侣。2001年混合人种血统英国人有67万4千。A级英文学生被要求阅读&White Teeth&，这是第一本讲述移民社区关系的获奖小说，作者Zadie Smith是一个英格兰牙买加混血儿。

Me say that you are only half-right. By saying half-right,I mean you are half wrong!

半。说你对一半，意思就是你有另一半错了！

The main process machinery and equipment are:(1) hit halo hemp electrical appliances, due to livestock and poultry species, varieties vary;(2) assassination put Xuedao, because different types of livestock and poultry, knives of different sizes, in order to ensure that medical and consumption of blood cleaning hollow knife can be used;(3) peeling or burning hair back hair machinery and equipment, medium and large slaughter plant machinery stripped of pigs, cattle, sheep skin, small factories and individual butcher knife while peeling by hand, Mao 60-68 ℃ hot hot hot flooding 3-8 minutes, easy to back hair, animal hair may be back with a different machine back hair;(4), cut open, cuts except internal organs, cutting off their heads and trimming hooves many different processes such as cutting tools complete with manual and electric saws and a half split two ways , hand-split and a half with machetes, saws chop and a half should be washed clean bone debris.

主要工序机械设备是：（1）击晕麻电器，因畜禽种类、品种不同而异；（2）刺杀放血刀，因畜禽种类不同，刀的大小也不同，为保证医用和食用血液的清洁，可采用空心刀；（3）剥皮或烫毛退毛机械设备，大中型屠宰厂用机器剥去猪、牛、羊的皮，小厂和个体屠户则用手工刀具剥皮，烫毛用60—68℃热水浸烫3—8分钟，便于退毛，畜禽均可用不同的退毛机器退毛；（4）开膛、剖除内脏、割头蹄和修整等工序多用不同的刀具完成，劈半有手工和电锯两种方法，手工劈半用砍刀，电锯劈半后应将骨屑冲洗干净。

Ground parts: an overhead-type indicator by sampling ground capacitance transient current in the first half-wave and ground transient voltage in the first half-wave, to compare their phase, when the sampling ground capacitance transient current mutation and more than a certain value, and the instantaneous voltage and grounding The first-phase half-wave, while wire-to-ground voltage is reduced, then the judge circuit grounding occurred.

接地部分：架空型指示器通过采样接地瞬间的电容电流首半波与接地瞬间的电压首半波，比较其相位，当采样接地瞬间的电容电流突变且大于一定数值，并且与接地瞬间的电压首半波同相，同时导线对地电压降低，则判断线路发生接地。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。