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As a result, the model of low-frequency aberration induced by Nd:glass amplifiers is got. On the base of low-frequency aberration model some results are achieved such as the tendency of focal spot size changing as the RMS phase gradient changes and the characteristics for the scale length. 3. The simulation model of the beamline is set up and the propagating process is analyzed in the beamline. The correlation coefficient of two wavefronts is newly used to describe and estimate the adding result of them.

建立了求空间尺度的数学模型，并运用此模型对现有的放大片透射波前进行了分析，得出了多程系统中所用钕玻璃放大片引入的低频位相误差的空间尺度分布，并据此建立了模拟放大片低频位相误差的随机位相屏模型，在此基础上对焦斑大小随位相分布RMS梯度变化而变化的规律及空间尺度的特性进行了模拟研究； 3。

The surface on the steel bridge is easy to damage early than estimate years.The distress types in steel bridge surfacings include permanent deformation,cracking,formation of mounds and disintegration.The text analyses the vertical section strain under tire location by use of the finite element method and calculates the influence of stiffness variance of translate bonding layer on the surfacings of steel bridges.

中文摘要：钢桥面沥青铺装层在使用一段时间后容易出现开裂、脱层以及车辙等早期破坏现象，采用空间有限元分析方法对车轮荷载位置处的截面竖向应变进行分析，计算了过渡粘结层刚度变化时对钢桥面铺装层受力变化的影响，计算结果说明对传统的弹性层状计算理论的假定与实际受力情况存在较大差异。

However, more and more studiespresent that the local pressure fluctuations in the separated and reattached region of bluff body are found tobe non-Gaussian. The Gaussian assumption will underestimate the wind load of cladding and cause thecladding to unsafety. It is a general way to estimate peak pressure by a fixed peak factor.

然而，有越来越多的研究表明，钝体绕流的分离和流动再附着区域的风压呈现出强烈的非高斯分布的特性，按照高斯分布进行峰值风压的估计将可能低估作用于围护结构上的风荷载而造成结构的不安全性。

Also, the performance of four techniques, using different approximation to estimate the equivalent peak value of shear stress and strain were investigated for the purpose to determine the equivalent shear modulus, damping, excess pore water pressure and residual strain induced by seismic loading, in which the equivalent peak value was computed in terms of its standard deviation and the corresponding peak factor.

利用上述动力有限元程序分别对水平地基进行了总应力、不排水有效应力和排水有效应力随机动力响应分析，并通过4种不同的方法来计算地基的等效剪切模量、阻尼比、振动孔压和残余剪应力。

Secondly, wederive the quenching rate estimate, by using the Rescaling technique and upper andlower solutions method.

然后通过Rescaling技术和上下解方法得到了quenching速率估计。

By using the Rescaling Range analysis(R/S analysis),we analyse the multi-fractal features in the system of Shanghai and Shenzhen Stock Market Composite Index.We estimate the Hurst exponents in the above mentioned system.

本文根据沪、深两市综合指数收益率的真实时间序列，通过应用重标极差分分析法分析了沪、深股市中存在的分形特征，并得到了两个市场的Hurst指数。

Has many years of experience in real estate development, general manager of a development company, told this writer, real estate development market, there are many unpredictable factors, including policy factors, the land factor, cost factors, market factors, such as, if not fully pre-estimate, it is possible to increase by 3%-5% of the cost, profit, if less than 8% likely to lose money.

有多年的经验，房地产开发公司总经理的开发公司，告诉笔者，房地产开发市场，有许多不可预知的因素，包括政策因素，土地因素，成本因素，市场因素，例如，如果没有充分预先估计，有可能增加3％-5 ％的成本，利润如果低于8 ％可能赔钱。

The conception of intellectual capital reflects the change of the resource of enterprises" value. How to increase value by intellectual capital management is the problem in front of all of the enterprises. However, intellectual capital evaluation, which is the first stage of intellectual capital management, has to be connected with enterprise value. Intellectual capital evaluation isn"t ought to only tell the contribution the intellectual capital creates on enterprise value at some moment, but also help high managers know the relationship between intellectual capital and enterprise value. Enterprises should know which intellectual capital is more related with enterprise value, which is the most worthy to investing and paying attention to. Enterprises should pre-estimate the dynamic change which intellectual capital contributes to enterprises value.

智力资本概念的提出实质反映的正是知识经济时代企业价值来源的变化，如何通过有效管理智力资本增加自身价值是摆在所有企业面前的紧迫问题，而作为智力资本管理首要环节的智力资本评估自然也不能脱离企业价值，有效的智力资本评估不仅应能识别出特定时点上企业拥有的智力资本对企业价值做出的贡献，更重要的是帮助企业高层管理人员更好地理解智力资本和企业总体价值之间的关系，弄清楚哪些智力资本与企业价值联系最紧密，哪些智力资本最值得重点投资和关注，预先判断智力资本对企业价值贡献的动态变化。

First, CLBAC, a central load balance mechanism based on AC is proposed in this paper to increase security. Second, a distributed load balance mechanism is proposed. In DLB, each user can pre-estimate the actual load of each cell by means of virtual distributed coordination function, and then access the cell whose load is the lightest.

本文首先提出基于接入控制器的集中式负载均衡策略以提高网络安全性，然后提出分布式负载均衡策略：各用户在接入网络的时侯，首先采用虚拟的分布式协调功能预测各小区的实时负载，然后接入负载最轻的小区。

The algorithm estimates directly equalizers with all possible delays, which need not to pre-estimate the channel impulse response, by channel output decorrelation characteristics and second-order statistics of the received signals.

该算法基于过采样接收信号或多传感器接收信号产生的分数间隔单输入多输出线性信道模型，利用均衡器输出的解相关特性和二阶统计量来直接佑计均衡器，不需要预先佑计信道冲激响应，可直接估计任意延迟的均衡器系数。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。