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By using the estimate for trigonometric sums and the esitimate for general Kloostermann sums, we study the asymptotic properties of N, and give a sharper asymptotic formula.

本文的主要目的是利用三角和估计及广义Kloostermann和估计研究了N的渐近性质，并得到一个较精确的渐近公式。

New sub-models for the four-way valve and the boost pump have been created by combined models. The initial parameters for the calculating analysis were determined at a rough estimate. The model has also been tested, modified and improved.

所构建的双燃料喷油器的计算模型能够较好的模拟复杂的双燃料结构特点和工作过程；采用模块组合的方法构造了四通阀和增压泵等新组件；采用估算的方法，确定了计算分析的初步参数；并对双燃料喷油器的计算模型进行了验证、调试和改进。

The heavy elements in the theory of spontaneous metamorphosis immediate sensation around the world ;(4) is proposed to estimate the Earth's radiation age;(5) from the charge-mass ratio α which is derived helium ions;(6) from the scattering of α Bighorn recognized atomic mass concentrated in a radius of 10-12 meters in the nuclear, on positively charged core surrounded by negatively charged electrons;(7) with natural α-particles from the nitrogen nuclei in the outgoing protons, this is the first time human beings to change the chemical elements of artificial nuclear reactions;(8) predicted that heavy hydrogen and neutron sub-existence .

这一重元素自发蜕变理论立即轰动全世界；（4）提出用放射性估算地球年龄；（5）从α的荷质比得出它是氦离子；（6）从α大角散射认识到原子质量集中在半径为10－12米的核上，核带正电，周围是带负电的电子；（7）用天然α粒子从氮原子核中打出质子，这是人类第一次实现改变化学元素的人工核反应；（8）预言重氢子和中子存在。

Why sell below the estimate? Patience, Explainer will get to that. Generally, the first in line to buy IPO stock can turn a quick profit by immediately selling it for a higher price on the market. For example, last September, the eBay IPO went out at $18 a share, and the price zoomed to $48 after one day of trading. This was an atypically large short-term run-up, but the average short term run-up of IPO stocks between 1960 and 1987 was still 16 percent--a nice profit for a few days' work

你不能像正常的女孩子一样撒娇，你害怕闲言闲语；你不能像正常的女孩子一样听到领导们开放性的话题羞答答，甚至你偶尔还要参与其中的话题；你不能像正常的女孩子一样对别人示爱，你宁可把我爱你烂在肚子里，也要装出一副毫不在乎对方的样子。

This paper use five up and out warrants that have been issued in Taiwan, assuming the returns of their underlying assets follow the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedastic process. We can estimate their parameters by in-sample data, and simulate the price of underlying assets and also the theoretical price of the up and out warrants.

本文选取在台湾发行之五档上限型的认购权证假设其标的资产报酬率服从GARCH(1，1)模型，利用样本内的资料模拟GARCH(1，1)模型的参数，并利用估计出来的参数模拟标的资产样本外的价格以及上限型认购权证的理论价格。

Though I will use models boldly to estimate value, I will not be overly impressed by mathematics.

虽然我会大胆地使用模型来估计值，我不会有太多印象深刻的数学。

The results were used to estimate the elastic modulus of the SMA by the cantilever beam deflection formula.

如此藉由一系的实验资及分析结果，回归分析出弹性系随温而变化的函关系。

This paper systematically expounds the basic principles of hydrodynamics and gives a kind of theoretical estimate on the necessity of safety and protection in large train-acceleration by the application of Bernoulli Equation and its principle of pressure reduction from fluid velocity increment.

对流体力学的基本原理进行了系统表述，应用伯努利方程及其流速增加压强降低原理，对铁路提速中安全防护的必要性提供了一项理论估算。

A new measuring method and a technical scheme are proposed , which estimate the smoulder final point by analysing Binary images of the flame images obtained from the third wild mouth of smoulder furnace .

提出了一种通过对烟化炉三次风口火焰图象二值化分析处理，判断烟化炉吹炼点的方法和技术思路。

By means of linear trend estimate, Morlet wavelet analysis and binomial coefficient smooth, the interdecadal variation characteristics of north polar vortex and spring precipitation in China are studied.

各季节极涡面积及强度均存在显著的年代际变化，在20世纪70年代中期之前有上升趋势，而后出现下降的趋势；但极涡面积总体上有显著的线性变小趋势。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。