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Pillared montmorillonite, as a representative of Sandwich like pillared interlayered clays ,caught many scientist"s attention not only because of its special structure of two-dimensional sheets but also its excellent activity of catalysis and adsorption. It is well documented that the method to prepare PILM, ion-exchanging, needed a long periods and was affected by many factors, and that the product had low thermal stability especially hydro-thermal stability which was the primary obstruction of its using in large-scale production. At the same time, PILM was well documented prepared with Na-montmorillonite, while there were a few documents about PILM prepared with Ca-montmorillonite. The large cost of remodel of Ca-montmorillonite to Na-montmorillonite was another obstacle of the application of PILM, while Ca-montmorillonite was widely distributed in nature, as a result, to prepare PILM with Ca-montmorillonite has practical significance. What"s more, PILM was mainly studied as a catalyst in oil refining process till now, but rarely documented in other catalysis reactions, especially in coal liquification filed which also needed high activity catalyst.

以柱撑蒙脱石为代表的具有"三明治"结构的柱撑粘土矿物因其特殊的二维孔道结构和优良的催化和吸附性能近年来成为国内外广泛关注和研究的热点，但是目前国内外大量报道的PILM制备大多采用离子交换法，生产周期很长，影响因素很多，并且产物热稳定性不够高，特别是水热稳定性较差，这是其不能在实际中大规模生产和应用的主要障碍，因此制备一种高稳定性的PILM意义非常；文献中大量报道的都是钠基蒙脱石合成的柱撑粘土矿物，传统的离子交换法必须将钙基蒙脱石钠化改型，其成本相当高，而自然界中大量存在的却是钙基蒙脱石，直接用钙基蒙脱石合成柱撑粘土矿物有很现实的意义，但目前这方面的报道却很少见；另外，迄今为止，PILM作为催化剂的研究领域主要在石油的炼制中应用，而在煤炭的液化中却鲜有报道，如果能在煤炭转化领域应用这一成果，其影响也将是相当大的。

Pillared montmorillonite, as a representative of Sandwich like pillared interlayered clays ,caught many scientist's attention not only because of its special structure of two-dimensional sheets but also its excellent activity of catalysis and adsorption. It is well documented that the method to prepare PILM, ion-exchanging, needed a long periods and was affected by many factors, and that the product had low thermal stability especially hydro-thermal stability which was the primary obstruction of its using in large-scale production. At the same time, PILM was well documented prepared with Na-montmorillonite, while there were a few documents about PILM prepared with Ca-montmorillonite. The large cost of remodel of Ca-montmorillonite to Na-montmorillonite was another obstacle of the application of PILM, while Ca-montmorillonite was widely distributed in nature, as a result, to prepare PILM with Ca-montmorillonite has practical significance. What's more, PILM was mainly studied as a catalyst in oil refinin g process till now, but rarely documented in other catalysis reactions, especially in coal liquification filed which also needed high activity catalyst.

以柱撑蒙脱石为代表的具有"三明治"结构的柱撑粘土矿物因其特殊的二维孔道结构和优良的催化和吸附性能近年来成为国内外广泛关注和研究的热点，但是目前国内外大量报道的PILM制备大多采用离子交换法，生产周期很长，影响因素很多，并且产物热稳定性不够高，特别是水热稳定性较差，这是其不能在实际中大规模生产和应用的主要障碍，因此制备一种高稳定性的PILM意义非常；文献中大量报道的都是钠基蒙脱石合成的柱撑粘土矿物，传统的离子交换法必须将钙基蒙脱石钠化改型，其成本相当高，而自然界中大量存在的却是钙基蒙脱石，直接用钙基蒙脱石合成柱撑粘土矿物有很现实的意义，但目前这方面的报道却很少见；另外，迄今为止，PILM作为催化剂的研究领域主要在石油的炼制中应用，而在煤炭的液化中却鲜有报道，如果能在煤炭转化领域应用这一成果，其影响也将是相当大的。

The fern spore, the original cell of the gametophyte, carries out asymmetrical mitosis to produce a large cell and a small cell. The small cell geminates to a rhizoid by tip growth, and the large cell further divides and develops to become a prothallus.

蕨类植物孢子作为配子体的原始细胞，通过不对称的有丝分裂产生一大一小两个细胞，小细胞萌发出极性生长的假根，大细胞继续分裂发育为原叶体。

By experimenting with solid-liquid separator in the treatment of sewage before it is discharged on three large scale pig farms, we come to the conclusion that solid-liquid separator is effective in gathering dung sullage, with about 2.9 t/h and the water content less than 55%. The average rates of removal of TS, COD, and BOD are 82.5%, 77.5% and 73.5%, respectively. ByKey words: FZ-12 solid-liquid separator; large scale pig farm; sewage treatment

为了了解FZ-12固液分离机前处理效果，对3个规模化猪场进行污水前处理试验，结果表明，FZ-12固液分离机能有效地收集粪渣，平均收集量为2.9t／h左右，粪渣含水率〈55％，对猪场污水的TS、COD和BOD平均去除率分别达到82.4％、77.5％和73.5％，应用该机处理猪场污水，增加相关投资约人民币5.3万元，收集的粪渣出售后，扣除运行成本，年可增收税利约人民币4.5万元，投资回报率达84.9%，约1.18年可收回投资，因此，应用FZ-12固液分离机处理猪场污水，具有广阔的应用前景。

The main jobs of this paper are as followed: 1 The reuse of the frame design technology for aircraft assembly fixtures is researched. a frame line part library is built with the templet driven technology, the reuse of the frame line part come true by the tools for instantiation and instance modification. The design resources are effectively used, some repeating work is cut. 2 Two methods to obtain the assembly feature are proposed: the straight way by the Enumeration method and the indirect way by project features to the assembly plane. All of the assembly features of the frame and the adjustable bearings are obtained by these two methods which makes the frame automatic assembly technology for aircraft assembly fixtures come true. 3 The frame automatic assembly technology aircraft assembly fixtures based on assembly features is researched. A binary tree assembly model is used to express the assembly information of the frame for aircraft assembly fixtures, the automatic assembly between the frame, the aircraft and the adjustable bearing is completed within the three steps: distribute, obtain and evaluate assembly feature. Finally, the efficiency of the frame assembly design is proved. 4The frame interpart modeling technology for aircraft assembly fixtures is researched, the intersection methods are concluded and the arithmetic of the single-cut, double-cut and inter-cut intersection is proposed, the interpart fast modeling of the frame design for aircraft assembly fixture come true. 5Based on the researches mentioned before, a sub-system of frame fast design for aircraft assembly fixture is developed on CATIA. The sub-system is used to design the aircraft assembly fixtures in a large aeronautics corporation and make a good- effect.

论文的主要工作如下： 1研究了飞机装配型架骨架设计重用技术，在总结归纳骨架线框结构类型的基础上，应用模板驱动的方法建立了骨架线框库，通过骨架线框零件的实例化和离线编辑实现骨架线框的重用，有效利用设计资源，减少重复劳动； 2提出穷举几何对象的装配特征直接获取方法，遍历零件模型的几何对象，从中捕捉所需装配特征，该方法简捷、高效；提出向装配面投影的装配特征间接获取方法，该方法在现有特征基础上生成装配特征，解决了部分装配特征难以直接获取的问题； 3研究了基于装配特征的飞机装配型架骨架自动装配技术，采用一种二叉树装配模型表达骨架的装配关系，并通过装配特征的分配、获取和赋值三个步骤，实现了骨架分别与飞机产品和可调支承的自动装配，避免了繁琐的人工交互操作，提高了骨架设计的效率和规范化程度； 4研究了飞机装配型架骨架零件间建模技术，在总结归纳骨架元件相贯处理方式的基础上，提出了骨架元件单剪切相贯、双剪切相贯和互剪切相贯的实现算法，简化了骨架相贯处理的过程； 5基于以上研究，在CATIA平台上开发了飞机装配型架骨架快速设计子系统，并应用于某大型航空企业的装配型架设计，提高了设计效率和设计质量。

The fault mode and f ault tree analysis for large turbogenerators are carried out by ways of su bsystems, subcomponent s and fault trees, which can be used to supply enough diag nostic rule sources and theoretical base for the study of fault diagnostic exper t system of large turbogenerators.

按照分系统、分部件的方式，并引入故障树的方法，对大型汽轮发电机展开了有关故障模式和故障树的分析，从而最终为大型汽轮发电机故障诊断专家系统的研究提供足够的诊断规则来源和理论基础。

The formation of large amount of money the demolition of housing consumption demand, which focus on the formation of a large number of demolition by the concentration of the original purchase disrupt the normal requirements of real estate under the conditions of supply, so the volume in the demolition, land acquisition the most concentrated amount of provinces and cities, regions of the supply of housing production lack of hunger and real estate prices, high-speed upgrade and rapid growth in consumer demand.

形成大量的资金拆毁住房消费需求，重点是形成了大量的拆迁由浓度的原始购买扰乱正常的房地产需求的条件下，供应，使该卷中的拆迁，征用土地的数量最集中的省份和城市，地区的住房的供应生产缺乏饥饿和房地产价格的高速升级和快速增长的消费需求。

Analyzes and calculates the stress and torsional deflection of large transformers such as DEP-240 MVA/500 kV,SEP-720 MVA/500 kV,etc.influeced by axial current component of low voltage spiral windings.Gives the distribution rules of torsional stress of unit length and displacement following windings height.Provides the reference for optimization design of large transformer.

对DEP-240 MVA/500 kV、SEP-720 MVA/500 kV型大型电力变压器低压螺旋绕组在轴向电流分量作用下产生的应力及扭转变形问题进行了分析计算，给出了低压螺旋绕组单位长度扭转应力及位移沿绕组高度的分布规律，为大型变压器的优化设计提供了参考依据。

The articles published by Xiuhua News Agency quotes some of the means summarized by experts, which are adopted by America to manipulate the exchange rate: through some deceiving investment reports or some research outcomes to release misleading information into the market; oversold Euros and sterling pounds by hedge funds through hedge funds recently, and may attack Yen in the near future; presses RMB to appreciate to the level he expects through political, diplomatic and trading means; undersold Euros through stabilization fund to raise the value of dollar and lower the value of Euro, and then printed his home currency at a large scale to offset its bad debts.

新华社上述文章引用了专家归纳的美国操纵汇率的一些手法：通过带有欺骗性的投行报告、专家研究结果等，向市场释放诱导信息；近期通过对冲基金沽空欧元、英镑等外币，未来还有可能攻击日元；耍弄政治、外交和贸易手段，压迫人民币按其要求和标准升值；在金融危机中，先是通过平准基金大量抛售欧元，导致欧元狂跌、美元上涨，然后大肆印制钞票，填平坏账。

In present invention digital code camera is used as data acquisition equipment, and the acquired viewdata information can be input into computer, and computer is used to make modification, reduction and storage, then the above-mentioned information can be projected on the large screen by means of large-screen projector to display.

本发明提供一种投影挂图的制作方法，属于图文数字转换与处理方法。该方法以数码相机作为数据采集设备，将采集到的图文信息输入计算机，由计算机进行修改、整理和保存，再经大屏幕投影机投影到大屏幕上显示。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。