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The mechanical behavior of Shape Memory Alloys material is tested, and the constitutive model of the SMA is established. A kind of SMA combined rubber isolator is developed, and the isolation effect of the SMA combined rubber isolator for long-span bridge and tall building structures is numerically simulated, from which the adaptive isolation performance and the self-restoring capacity of the SMA combined rubber isolator are verified. A kind of SMA damper is developed, the mechanical behavior of the SMA damper is tested, and the model of restoring force of the SMA damper is established. The theory and method of adaptive control based on the SMA damper for the long-span bridge are built, and the effectiveness and reliability of the adaptive control for the long-span bridge using the SMA damper are verified through numerical simulation and model test. The MRF-04K type magnetorheological damper is developed, the mechanical behavior of the MR damper is tested, and the model of restoring force of the MR damper is established. The theory and method of adaptive control based on the MR damper for the long-span bridge and tall building structures are built, and the effectiveness and reliability of the adaptive control for the long-span bridge and tall building structures using the MR damper are verified through numerical simulation and model test. In addition, the theory and method of sub-structural damage identification for long-span bridge are derived, the influence of soil-structure dynamic interaction on the seismic isolation and control effects with different isolation and control measures and the damage responses and the sliding base-isolation of large structures under the excitation of underground explosion are investigated.

试验研究了形状记忆合金材料的力学性能，建立了SMA材料的本构模型；研制了一种SMA复合橡胶隔震支座，数值仿真分析了应用SMA复合橡胶支座的大跨桥梁和高层建筑结构的隔震效果，从而验证了SMA复合橡胶支座的自适应隔震性能及其震后自恢复能力；研制了一种SMA阻尼器，试验研究了SMA阻尼器的力学性能，建立了SMA阻尼器的恢复力模型，建立了基于SMA阻尼器的大跨桥梁结构自适应控制理论与方法，通过数值仿真与模型试验验证了大跨桥梁结构SMA阻尼器自适应控制的有效性与可靠性；研制了一种MRF-04K型磁流变阻尼器，试验研究了MR阻尼器的力学性能，建立了MR阻尼器的恢复力模型，建立了基于MR阻尼器的大跨桥梁和高层建筑结构的自适应控制理论与方法，通过数值仿真和模型试验验证了大跨桥梁和高层建筑结构MR阻尼器自适应控制的有效性与可靠性；还建立了大跨桥梁结构的子结构损伤识别的理论与方法，研究了土-结构动力相互作用对不同隔震和控制措施的减震控制效果的影响以及地下爆炸波作用下各类大型结构的灾害响应与滑移隔震。

Plastic machinery equipment, packaging equipment, oil logistics company Cargo Electronic Scale Airlines Beijing, Beijing scales, electronic truck scale Electronic Hanging molding packaging machinery printing equipment farm machinery to food and beverage processing equipment, sewage treatment equipment, cleaning, cleaning equipment, air purification equipment, energy-saving equipment dust desulfurization equipment, noise reduction equipment silencers of refuse Incinerator generators, motor generator sets electrical high-voltage low-voltage electrical distribution equipment, textile equipment and transmission equipment leather processing equipment, paper processing machinery shoe machinery coating equipment paper-making equipment and accessories throughout the washing and iron furniture manufacturing machinery equipment technology equipment gift Ceramic production and processing machinery manufacturers of computer equipment, household electrical appliance manufacturing equipment toys processing equipment and special equipment in other industries transmission machine parts valve pump hydraulic filtration equipment machinery and components filter material bearing spring fasteners, connectors seal cutter mold, fixture pneumatic fluid pressure components Machine Annex fans, ventilation equipment compression, separation equipment reducer, variable speed internal combustion engine testing machine welding machine and accessories brake materials welding, cutting equipment, engineering machinery, construction machinery equipment, metallurgy equipment, mineral processing equipment, metal forming equipment, electronics manufacturing workers control system and electric equipment, business equipment, financial and special equipment and special equipment hotel equipment metal processing industry oil processing machinery parts heat transfer process instrumentation, industrial boilers, air-conditioning refrigeration and accessories shop building materials production and processing equipment, gas equipment, casting machinery and heat treatment equipment, non-destructive testing refrigeration machines rubber machinery equipment, transport equipment, loading and unloading mining mining mining construction equipment, transportation equipment, chemical equipment, crystallization equipment inventory Mixing Equipment Chemical Equipment Chemical laboratory equipment agents joined Chemical Equipment Accessories chemical pipelines and accessories forming chemical equipment chemical equipment Drying Equipment Industrial humidifier crushing equipment mechanical separation equipment volume instrument response equipment and surveying equipment, mining equipment, heat transfer and mass transfer equipment transportation equipment glass processing machinery industry mold processing equipment mold design machine design laser processing machinery and equipment repair boiler installed second-hand second-hand second-hand machine tools Construction Machinery Stock mechanical equipment and industrial supplies projects to join other industrial products, not elsewhere classified agent electronic scales Beijing, Beijing scales, electronic truck scale Electronic Hanging, hanging hook scale value of electronic ground electronic railway scale electronic belt scale, quantitative packing scale said cylinder, liquid Handling pressure scales, electronic scales weighing electronic hook weighing system automation Electronic Truck Scale Electronic table scale, which scales the electronic scale electronic weighing scale forklift management software Electronic Weighing display controller electronic platform balance, electronic platform weighing scales, truck scale weighing small loadometer management software electronic accessories electronic platform balance scale, waterproof scale, counting scale static and dynamic axle load sensor instrument, instruments, large-screen display management system for electronic scale weighing system loader?

塑料机械石油设备包装设备物流公司货运公司航空公司北京电子秤，北京衡器，电子汽车衡电子吊秤包装成型机械印刷设备农业机械食品、饮料加工设备污水处理设备清洗、清理设备节能设备空气净化设备脱硫除尘设备消音降噪设备垃圾焚烧炉发电机、发电机组电动机低压电器高压电器配电输电设备纺织设备和器材皮革加工设备纸加工机械制鞋机械涂装设备造纸设备及配件整熨洗涤设备家具制造机械工艺礼品加工设备陶瓷生产加工机械电脑产品制造设备家电制造设备玩具加工设备其他行业专用设备机床阀门泵传动件液压机械及部件过滤设备过滤材料轴承弹簧紧固件、连接件密封件模具刀具、夹具气动元件液压元件机床附件风机、排风设备压缩、分离设备减速机、变速机内燃机试验机焊接材料与附件制动器电焊、切割设备工程机械、建筑机械选矿设备冶炼设备金属成型设备电子产品制造设备工控系统及装备电热设备商业专用设备金融专用设备酒店设备金属加工工业润滑油机械零部件加工仪器仪表加工换热、制冷空调设备工业锅炉及配件车间设备建材生产加工机械燃气设备铸造及热处理设备无损检测仪器制冷设备橡胶机械输送设备矿业装卸设备矿业输送设备矿山施工设备库存化工设备结晶设备混合设备化工实验设备化工设备配件化工设备代理加盟化工管道及配件化工成型设备化工成套设备干燥设备工业加湿器粉碎设备分离设备机械量仪表反应设备地矿勘测设备传质设备传热设备储运设备玻璃机械行业专用设备加工模具加工模具设计激光加工机械设计机械设备维修安装二手机床二手锅炉二手工程机械库存设备及工业用品机械项目合作工业制品代理加盟其他未分类北京电子秤，北京衡器，电子汽车衡电子吊秤、吊勾秤电子地上衡电子轨道衡电子皮带秤、定量包装秤钢瓶称、液压搬运秤，电子天平电子吊钩秤自动化称重系统电子汽车衡电子桌秤、案秤电子叉车秤电子秤称重管理软件电子称重显示器、控制器电子台秤、磅秤电子平台秤、小地磅汽车衡称重管理软件电子秤配件电子台秤、防水秤、计数秤动静态轴重仪传感器、仪表、大屏显示器电子秤管理系统装载机称重系统？

Firstly, we collected and sorted out the GPS data, established the uniform velocity field for the Chinese mainland and the surrounding regions, and the horizontal deformation field relative to the Eurasia plate; Secondly, we established a motion model for the entire rotation and homogeneous strain of the first and second level blocks in Chinese mainland, analyzed the motion pattern and strain behavior of active blocks in Chinese mainland, as well as the motion pattern of principal fault zones in Chinese mainland; Thirdly, considering the heterogeneity of strain distribution inside a block and supposing that the strain tensor inside the block is the linear function of location, we derived and established an equation for the entire rotation and linear strain of block and a motion model for the entire rotation and linear strain of principal blocks in Chinese mainland; We also calculated the principal strain field and the maximum shear strain field in Chinese mainland and the surrounding regions, analyzed the basic characteristics of strain field in Chinese mainland, as well as the relationship between the spatial distribution of strain field and large tectonic zones; Finally, we established the 2-D geotectonic model and digital model for Chinese mainland and the surrounding regions, calculated the stress field in Chinese mainland and the surrounding regions, and analyzed the basic features of stress field in Chinese mainland and the principal driving force for the motion and deformation in Chinese mainland.

收集整理了已有GPS资料，建立了中国大陆及周边地区统一的速度场以及相对欧亚板块的水平形变场；建立了中国大陆一、二级地块整体旋转与均匀应变的运动模型；分析了中国大陆活动地块的运动状态，应变状态，以及中国大陆主要断裂带的运动状态；考虑到一个块体内部应变张量空间分布的非均匀性，假设块体内部的应变张量是位置的线性函数，推导建立了块体整体旋转与线性应变方程，建立了中国大陆主要地块整体旋转与线性应变的运动模型；计算了中国大陆及周边地区的主应变场与最大剪应变场，分析了中国大陆应变场的基本特征，以及应变场的空间分布与大型构造带的关系；建立了中国大陆及周边地区二维的地质构造模型和数值模型，计算了中国大陆及周边地区的应力场，分析了中国大陆应力场的基本特征以及中国大陆运动、形变的主要驱动力。

The main work and the originality points of this dissertation could be concluded as the following parts:(1) To analyze systematically the mathematical model of LES of air flow in great space, under the case of isothermal and non-isothermal, as well as the combined action of buoyancy and strain. Some basic problems are studied about the LES application into airflow simulation of great space, such as boundary conditions, spatial difference scheme and time advancing scheme, time step etc., which creates the basis for the LES application to indoor airflow simulation.(2) Both the instantaneous and time averaged flow field of great space with multiple jets under isothermal and non-isothermal cases are explored with large eddy simulation method, and also discussed the dynamic characteristics and the law of fluidflow in the great space.(3) Based on the results of LES of the great space and the Fanger thermal comfort indexes, it is brought forward the concept of the series of dynamic thermal comfort evaluating indexes, which could be divided into thermal comfort index with time averaged properties PD, PPD, PMV, thermal comfort index with instantaneous properties IPD, IPPD, IPMV, and time averaged thermal comfort indexes TAPD, TAPPD, TAPMV, and transient situations time averaged thermal comfort indexes TTAPD, TTAPPD, TTAPMV. The differences among them and the calculation methods are discussed, and the four kinds of indexes are calculated with the thermal comfort index PD as an example.(4) Based on the LES results it is discussed the hot air stratification phenomena in air-conditioned buildings in the case with air supply and return registers on the ceiling and the case on the sidewall. The fundamentals of the hot air stratification are studied and the relations of estimating hot air stratification are brought forward.(5) With the advanced apparatus such as hot wire film anemometer IFA300 and laser particle field anemoscope, corresponding model test and site measurements have been done, which are compared with the simulation results and LES is proved a very promising method in air flow simulation indoor.

本文主要工作既创新点体现在以下几个方面：(1)系统分析了等温、非等温和考虑剪切力与浮升力综合作用的高大空间大涡模拟数学模型，并研究了高大空间大涡模拟在室内气流仿真应用中的一些基本问题，如边界条件、空间离散格式和时间推进格式、时间步长选择等问题，为大涡模拟在室内气流计算中的广泛应用打下了基础；(2)首次用大涡模拟方法研究了高雷诺数下高大空间多射流在等温、非等温情况下的瞬时流场和时均流场分布，并探讨了多射流流场的动态特性和流动规律；(3)基于大涡模拟的动态仿真结果和Fanger的热舒适指标，首次系统地提出了动态热舒适评价指标体系的概念：即基于时间平均参数的热舒适指标PD、PPD、PMV；基于瞬时参数的瞬时热指标IPD、IPPD、IPMV；基于时间平均热舒适指标TAPD、TAPPD、TAPMV；以及沿行动迹线的时间平均热舒适指标TTAPD、TTAPPD、TTAPMV，并分析了四类热舒适指标的差异性和计算方法，还以PD值为例对四类指标分别进行了计算；(4)基于数十种工况下空调房间大涡模拟的结果，研究了空调建筑上送上回和侧送侧回两种情况下热分层现象，并探讨了热分层的基本规律，首次提出了避免热分层现象的判断公式；(5)在暖通空调领域，首次使用IFA300热线风速仪、激光粒子速度场仪等先进设备，完成了与大涡模拟相对应的模型试验，并把实测结果与仿真结果进行了对比，说明LES在室内气流仿真方面是一种很有前景的方法。

A little after Noon I found the Sea very calm, and the Tyde ebb'd so far out, that I could come within a Quarter of a Mile of the Ship; and here I found a fresh renewing of my Grief, for I saw evidently, that if we had kept on board, we had been all safe, that is to say, we had all got safe on Shore, and I had not been so miserable as to be left entirely destitute of all Comfort and Company, as I now was; this forc'd Tears from my Eyes again, but as there was little Relief in that, I resolv'd, if possible, to get to the Ship, so I pull'd off my Clothes, for the Weather was hot to Extremity, and took the Water, but when I came to the Ship, my Difficulty was still greater to know how to get on board, for as she lay a ground, and high out of the Water, there was nothing within my Reach to lay hold of; I swam round her twice, and the second Time I spy'd a small Piece of a Rope, which I wonder'd I did not see at first, hang down by the Fore-Chains so low, as that with great Difficulty I got hold of it, and by the help of that Rope, got up into the Forecastle of the Ship; here I found that the Ship was bulg'd, and had a great deal of Water in her Hold, but that she lay so on the Side of a Bank of hard Sand, or rather Earth, that her Stern lay lifted up upon the Bank, and her Head low almost to the Water; by this Means all her Quarter was free, and all that was in that Part was dry; for you may be sure my first Work was to search and to see what was spoil'd and what was free; and first I found that all the Ship's Provisions were dry and untouch'd by the Water, and being very well dispos'd to eat, I went to the Bread-room and fill'd my Pockets with Bisket, and eat it as I went about other things, for I had no time to lose; I also found some Rum in the great Cabbin, of which I took a large Dram, and which I had indeed need enough of to spirit me for what was before me: Now I wanted nothing but a Boat to furnish my self with many things which I forsaw would be very necessary to me.

午后不久，海面风平浪静，潮水也已远远退去。我只要走下海岸，泅上几十米，即可到达大船。这时，我心里不禁又难过起来。因为我想到，倘若昨天我们全船的人不下小艇，仍然留在大船上，大家必定会平安无事。这时就可安抵陆地；我也不会像现在这样，孤苦伶仃孑然一身了。而现在，我既无乐趣，又无伴侣。想到这里，我忍不住流下泪来。可是，现在悲伤于事无济，我即决定只要可能就先上船去。当时，天气炎热，我便脱掉衣服，跳下水去。可是，当我泅到船边时，却没法上去，因为船已搁浅，故离水面很高；我两臂所及，没有任何可以抓住的东西。我绕船游了两圈，忽然发现一根很短的绳子。我惊异自己先前竟没有看见这根绳子。那绳子从船头上挂下来，绳头接近水面；我毫不费力地抓住绳子往上攀登，进入了船上的前舱。上去后发现船已漏水，舱底进满了水。因为船搁浅在一片坚硬的沙滩上，船尾上翘，船头几乎都浸在水里，所以船的后半截没有进水。可以想像，我急于要查看一下哪些东西已损坏，哪些东西还完好无损。首先，我发现船上的粮食都还干燥无恙。这时，我当然先要吃些东西，就走到面包房去，把饼干装满了自己的衣袋，同时边吃边干其他活儿，因为我必须抓紧时间才行。我又在大舱里找到了一些甘蔗酒，就喝了一大杯。此时此刻，我极需喝点酒提提神。我这时只想有一只小船，把我认为将来需要的东西，统统运到岸上去。

To cherish peace and friendly intercourse with all nations having correspondent dispositions; to maintain sincere neutrality toward belligerent nations; to prefer in all cases amicable discussion and reasonable accommodation of differences to a decision of them by an appeal to arms; to exclude foreign intrigues and foreign partialities, so degrading to all countries and so baneful to free ones; to foster a spirit of independence too just to invade the rights of others, too proud to surrender our own, too liberal to indulge unworthy prejudices ourselves and too elevated not to look down upon them in others; to hold the union of the States as the basis of their peace and happiness; to support the Constitution, which is the cement of the Union, as well in its limitations as in its authorities; to respect the rights and authorities reserved to the States and to the people as equally incorporated with and essential to the success of the general system; to avoid the slightest interference with the right of conscience or the functions of religion, so wisely exempted from civil jurisdiction; to preserve in their full energy the other salutary provisions in behalf of private and personal rights, and of the freedom of the press; to observe economy in public expenditures; to liberate the public resources by an honorable discharge of the public debts; to keep within the requisite limits a standing military force, always remembering that an armed and trained militia is the firmest bulwark of republic that without standing armies their liberty can never be in danger, nor with large ones safe; to promote by authorized means improvements friendly to agriculture, to manufactures, and to external as well as internal commerce; to favor in like manner the advancement of science and the diffusion of information as the best aliment to true liberty; to carry on the benevolent plans which have been so meritoriously applied to the conversion of our aboriginal neighbors from the degradation, and wretchedness of savage life to a participation of the improvements of which the human mind and manners are susceptible in a civilized state, as far as sentiments, and intentions such as these can aid the fulfillment of my duty, they will be a resource with can not fail me.

珍惜和平以及同所有有交往意向的国家的友好交往；对交战各国保持真正中立；在任何情况下，优先考虑以友善的讨论和理性来处理异议，而非通过武力来做出决定；排除外国阴谋和外国偏颇，这些对所有国家都造成堕落，对自由国家更为有害；培养一种独立的精神，其之公正不会侵犯他人权利，其之自豪不会丢弃自身权利，其之宽大不使我们自己纵养不值的偏见，其之高尚使我们蔑视他人的这些偏见；把众州的联合保持为众州和平和幸福的基础，拥护作为联邦链结的宪法，不论是其限制或权力；尊重保留给各州和人民的权利，因为它的重要性把它平等地纳入联邦总体的成功之中；避免最轻微的对良知权利和宗教功能的干涉，这些在民事裁判中豁免；代表私人和个人的权利以及媒体自由，以其全部的能量来保留其它相关有益条款；在公共花费中坚持节约；通过偿还公共债务来解放公共资源；在必要的限度下保持一支常备军，时刻要记住武装并训练过的民兵才是共和国的中流砥柱，即是，没有常备军他们的自由从未有危险，而有了一支庞大军队也未必安全，通过授权的手段来发展有益于农业，制造业，对外和对内的商业，以适当的方式支持科学的发展和信息的传播来作为真正自由的最好食粮；执行善意的计划以把我们的土著邻居从，野蛮生活的低贱和不幸中转化到参加入一个文明国家内人的思维，和举止都倾向的改良中--只要如此的思想，和意图能辅助我职责的履行，它们将成为不使我失败的资本。

To cherish peace and friendly intercourse with all nations having correspondent dispositions; to maintain sincere neutrality toward belligerent nations; to prefer in all cases amicable discussion and reasonable accommodation of differences to a decision of them by an appeal to arms; to exclude foreign intrigues and foreign partialities, so degrading to all countries and so baneful to free ones; to foster a spirit of independence too just to invade the rights of others, too proud to surrender our own, too liberal to indulge unworthy prejudices ourselves and too elevated not to look down upon them in others; to hold the union of the States as the basis of their peace and happiness; to support the Constitution, which is the cement of the Union, as well in its limitations as in its authorities; to respect the rights and authorities reserved to the States and to the people as equally incorporated with and essential to the success of the general system; to avoid the slightest interference with the right of conscience or the functions of religion, so wisely exempted from civil jurisdiction; to preserve in their full energy the other salutary provisions in behalf of private and personal rights, and of the freedom of the press; to observe economy in public expenditures; to liberate the public resources by an honorable discharge of the public debts; to keep within the requisite limits a standing military force, always remembering that an armed and trained militia is the firmest bulwark of republics——that without standing armies their liberty can never be in danger, nor with large ones safe; to promote by authorized means improvements friendly to agriculture, to manufactures, and to external as well as internal commerce; to favor in like manner the advancement of science and the diffusion of information as the best aliment to true liberty; to carry on the benevolent plans which have been so meritoriously applied to the conversion of our aboriginal neighbors from the degradation and wretchedness of savage life to a participation of the improvements of which the human mind and manners are susceptible in a civilized state——as far as sentiments and intentions such as these can aid the fulfillment of my duty, they will be a resource which can not fail me.

我认为应珍视与所有志同道合的国家的和平相处和友好往来；对所有交战国则保持真诚的中立；在任何情况下，对分歧都应采取友善的协商和理智的调停，而不能诉诸武力加以解决；来自国外的种种阴谋诡计和对外国的偏袒不公，对任何国家来说都是卑下可鄙的，对自由国家则更是危害非浅，故应予以摒弃；要培育一种独立的精神，这种精神非常公正而不会侵犯他人的权利，非常自尊而不会放弃我们自己的权利，非常开明而不耽溺于我们自己毫无价值的偏见，非常高尚而必然鄙弃他人抱有的偏见；要把各州的团结作为我们和平与幸福的基础；要拥护作为联邦凝聚剂的宪法，不仅维护它的权威，而且遵从它的限制；要尊重保留给各州和保留给人民的各项权利和权力，这对整个制度的成功同样休戚相关和不可或缺；信仰的权利和总价的功能已然明智地排除在民事管辖的范围之外，故应避免加以丝毫的干涉；要维护旨在保障私人权利、人身权利和出版自由的其他有益规定的全部活力；政府开支要厉行节约；要通过光荣地清偿公债以调动公共资源；要把常备军事力量控制在必要的限度以内，应时刻牢记，一支训练有素的武装民兵便是所有共和国最坚强的堡垒，没有常备军，他们的自由决不至于陷入危险的境地，而庞大的武装则未必意味着安全；要采用合法的手段推动有利于农业制造业和国内外贸易的各项改进措施；要以同样方式支持科学的进步和知识的传播，此乃真正自由的最佳养份；要继续执行慈善计划，这些计划一直都在值得称道地实施，以改造我们的土著邻居，使他们摆脱野蛮生活的堕落和不幸，得以分享文明状态下人们在心灵和举止上所惯有的各种改善成果。以上种种想法和打算，只要有助于我完成使命，便是不会令我失望的一个源泉。

As part of the study of social administration of Nanjing in the Republic of China, the thesis consists of 7 chapters: Chapter one explains the basic concepts of social administration and the development of modernization of Nanjing before 1927. It stresses the importance of social administration in city development through the depiction of social characteristics and problems of Nanjing. Chapter 2 introduced the theory of social administration of the Republic of China, under which the municipal institutions are structured. It focuses on the social theory of Sun Yat-sen and correlative comments of Jiang Kai-shi, which reflect the theoretic level and subjective intention of social reform of the Republic of China. Chapter 3 discusses the local autonomy of Nanjing of the Republic of China. The origin of democratic local autonomy theory and its influence over social administration are expatriated. The advantages and disadvantages of local autonomy are analyzed in detail. Chapter 4 focuses its discussion upon social rescue work, an important part of social administration, with general description of social rescue work in Nanjing and concludes the characteristics of social rescue work in the transition from the traditional to the modern society. Focusing on the prominent problem of the large flows and inflation of population of Nanjing, chapter 5 discusses the population and population management of Nanjing and outlines the population situation through analysis of the population problem, management methods and the current situation. Chapter 6 describes the unprecedentedly active citizen organizations and parties. The transform and changes of these organizations occurring under the new circumstances and their functions in social administration are analyzed to reveal the interactive function between government and social organizations in social administration. Chapter 7, the epilogue, makes theoretic evaluation of the characteristics of social administration and its revelation to the current society of Nanjing, hoping this research serves as a reference to the current time.

本文是民国南京社会管理研究的一个部分，由七个章节组成：第一章介绍了社会管理的基本概念和1927年以前南京社会近代化的变迁过程，通过对南京社会特点和社会问题的描述，阐明了社会管理在城市发展中的重要作用；第二章介绍了民国社会管理思想的基本内容和在此指导下的南京市政府有关机构的设置，着重阐述了孙中山的社会管理思想和蒋介石的有关论述，反映了国民政府的社会管理的认识水平及其实行社会改造的主观意图；第三章专题讨论了民国南京地方自治，对具有近代民主意义的地方自治思想的由来及其社会管理意义进行了阐述，具体分析了南京推行地方自治的利弊得失；第四章将社会救济事业作为社会管理的一项重要内容进行了讨论，描述了南京社会救济事业的基本概况并对从传统向近代过渡社会救济事业的若干特点进行了总结；第五章针对南京城市人口的大量流动和急剧膨胀这一突出的社会问题，集中讨论了南京的人口与人口管理，通过对南京人口问题、管理手段以及人口状况的分析，展示了南京人口构成的基本面貌；第六章描述了南京空前活跃的市民组织和社会团体，着意反映这些社会组织在新的条件下的转型和变化，分析其在社会管理中所发挥的作用，企望由此揭示政府与社会组织在社会管理中的互动作用；第七章为结语，对南京社会管理的特点及其对现实的启示进行了理论评价，力求本研究更能具有现实借鉴意义。

The south-north united tectonic environment and tectonic pattern does not exist. The east-west trend thrusting Nappe structure of Majiatan and Hengshanpu can not represent the whole western margin of Ordos. The attempt to solve the regional tectonic problem with simple tectonic pattern is against the geological theory, especially in the Helan Mountain region.(2) After the geochemical data analysis of Ruqigou basalt in Helan Mountain, the article illustrates that it belongs to continental rift basalt which appeared in the late-Triassic and early middle Jurassic. Meanwhile the article states that the region is located in the rift environment of an extension background and Rudigou is located in the central part of the rift.(3) The article illustrates that the western ridge of Helan Mountain used to be on a slope and topography slowly declines from west to east after analysis and demonstrations of the distribution under XiaoSongshan bedding fault. Through comprehensive analysis of the no-strong deformation and bedding fault features, the article states that the Xiaosongshan bedding fault used to be gravity slip detachment structure and it represents the extension from the east to the west. Based on the above and analysis and demonstrations of isotope age and track datting, the article illustrates that the ? characteristic of the east of the western ridge of Helan mountain being higher than the west is the result of its late tectonic reverse.(4) Through comparison between Rujigou region Mesozoic Era late Triassic period-early and middle Jurassic period deposit and that of Ordos Basin and the analysis of the late Triassic period extension and early -middle Jurassic Period deposit povenevance it sets forth that during the period, Rujigou region was part of a large deposit basin which was closer to the northern povenevance and farther from the western povenevance.

以马家滩和横山堡为代表的东西向逆冲推覆构造模式，在整个鄂尔多斯盆地西缘不具有全区统一性，那种试图用单一的构造模式解决本区构造问题的尝试，无疑是与地质实际相悖的，尤其是对贺兰山地区；(2)通过对贺兰山汝箕沟玄武岩地质地球化学测试分析，提出其为大陆裂谷玄武岩，其形成时代为晚三叠—早中侏罗世，并通过该玄武岩的稀土和微量元素的测试分析资料进行了多种判别分析，最终确定该区处于拉张背景下的裂谷环境，汝箕沟地区大致处于当时裂谷的中心部位；(3)通过对小松山断层面之下地层分布规律，结合其变形特征的分析论证，认为当时贺兰山西麓处于一个由东向西平缓抬高的斜坡环境，并通过小松山断层面之下地层的非强烈变形及顺层断层特征等的综合分析，认为贺兰山西麓的小松山断层原本是一重力滑覆断层，它代表了近东西向的拉张，在此基础上通过裂变径迹测试资料的分析论证对其做了进一步认定，目前贺兰山西麓东高西低的剖面特征是该区后期构造反转的结果；(4)通过对汝箕沟地区中生代晚三叠世—早中侏罗世沉积与鄂尔多斯盆地内部的对比、晚三叠世延长组及早中侏罗世沉积物源和水流向分析，认为该时期汝箕沟地区为一更靠近北部物源，而距西部物源明显较远的沉积环境，是一更大型沉积盆地的一部分。

F. pumila had the strongest capacity to adhere to walls, and it formed a quite good covering landscape by means of a large quantity of adventitious roots. Furthermore, it was tolerant to shade, and the effects of shading on its growth and landscape covering were very small. P. heterophylla had the rapidest growth and covering speed, and it adhered to walls by adhesive discs, but was defoliated in winter or after a long period of shading. The other three vines climbed walls using adventitious roots, and their adhering capacities were all relatively poor. However, E. fortunei still formed a relatively good covering due to its rapid growth and emerald leaf colour. After shading for four months, leaves of F, pumila, C. grandiflora, and P. serpens became thin, and accordingly their leaf weight per unit area significantly decreased. Shading also reduced chlorophyll contents of C. grandiflora and E. fortunei but enhanced those of F. pumila and P. serpens, It did not influence leaf thickness, leaf weight or chlorophyll content of P. heterophylla. Whether shaded or not, the relationship between Pn and PAR for each species could be expressed as y=alnx+b, and furthermore there was a significant (P.01) correlation between them. Pn and LCP values for all five lianas also significant (P.01) correlated. Shading reduced LCP values of P. heterophylla, C. grandiflora and E. fortunei but increased LSP of F. pumila.

结果表明，1薛荔对墙体附着力最强，它依靠大量的不定根吸固在墙体上，形成很好的覆盖效果，而且薜荔耐荫，遮光对其生长与覆盖的影响很小；爬墙虎的生长与覆盖速度最快，它主要依靠吸盘吸固墙壁，但在冬季或长时间遮光后出现明显落叶现象，影响其覆盖景观；其他3种都依靠不定根沿墙面攀援，附着力相对较差，但扶芳藤由于生长较快，叶色终年保持翠绿，也能形成相对较好的覆盖效果；2遮光4个月后，薛荔、凌霄和蔓九节的叶片变薄，相应地这3种植物单位面积的叶片重量都显著减轻；遮光还使凌霄和扶芳藤的叶绿素含量减少，使薛荔和蔓九节的增加，但对爬墙虎的叶片厚度、叶重和叶绿素含量都不产生明显影响；3无论遮光与否，5种植物的Pn与PAR之间的关系都可用y=alnx+b表示，并且都达极显著相关，Pn与光补偿点之间亦呈极显著相关；遮光还使爬墙虎、凌霄和扶芳藤的LCP下降，并使薛荔的光饱和点升高。

Objective To investigate the relationship between ovum fertilization rate and sperm morphology, acrosome reaction in IVF and to explore the influence of parameters of sperm on fertilization rate.

目的 研究体外受精(in vitro fertilization，IVF)中精子形态、顶体反应与卵子受精率之间的关系，分析精子各参数在IVF受精率方面的参考意义。

A: I hear Mr. White wants to run for the Presidency!

我听说怀特先生要参加总统竞选！