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But one of the secrets of Ottoman longevity was that the system went on producing capable sultans and vizirs who saw the corruption and introduced reforms.Among the reforming sultans were OssmanⅡ(r.1618-1622),whose attempt to form a new Turkish militia led to his being killed by the janissaries;MuradvⅣ(r.1623-1640),a powerful wrestler and champion archer who executed 25,000 rebellious subjects within a single year;MahmudⅠ(r.1730-1754),the first to bring in Europeans to teach new fighting techniques;and Selim Ⅲ(r.1789-1807),who introduced a comprehensive reform scheme,the Nizam-i-Jedid,which I will cover in the next chapter.

有些症状会造成一些热门史你相信奥斯曼帝国的统治者关心什么的fate.enchanted的魅力的怨妇，压抑的葡萄酒或大麻，处处受制于派系法院janissary叛乱或吵架，苏丹失去政权或保卫自己的利益，在维护自己lands.by同样，巧取豪夺vizirs试图保住了苏丹的途中，为了赚取买system.bureaucrats腐败的办公室及下属岗位他人出售，而每个贫困农民和工人挖出权力税费。

It is discovered that cohesion errors by subjects in this study mainly are of three kinds: 1 misuse of conjunctive type, such as overuse of and, underuse of the inferential, transitional and summative subtypes, etc.; 2 improper use of reference type, for instance, misselection of this and that, personal reference in disaccord; 3 cohesion errors by substitution type.

本次教学实验发现的衔接错误主要有：1连接的误用，如过多使用连接词and，而表示推论、过渡和总结的连接手段用得不够等；2照应使用不恰当，如this和that的误用，人称照应前后不一致等；3替代的误用。

In this pricing system, mineral resources can be set up as a commodity, affected both by the supply and demand from the market force, and by the guiding pricing and taxations from the government force.

这不仅助长了矿产资源综合开发利用率低，而且导致矿产资源企业亏损严重，无法进行补偿性再投资，更给我国经济建设的进一步发展和国家的战略安全埋下了隐患。

By deciphering the natural, historical and cultural mystery concerning night-shining jewel and proposing archaeogeological theory and methods regarding diamond exploration, both for the first time in the international academic communities, and by taking night-shining jewel that was interpreted as large diamond as an example, the author has already demonstrated in 2004 that the history of development and utilization of large diamond in China can be traced back to the period of Emperors Yu, Shun, Yao 4000 years ago, and even further to the period of Emperor Yan 4500 years ago.

通过在国际学术界首次破解夜明珠这一世界性的自然、历史、文化千古之谜和首次创立金刚石考古地质学的理论和方法，以夜明珠就是中国古代巨粒金刚石为例，证明了中国巨粒金刚石开发利用的历史可以一直追溯到4000年前的禹舜尧时期甚至4500年前的神农炎帝时期。

By using NOAA-AVHRR and EOS-MODIS data from May to August,1997-2004,spectrum characteristics of snow and ice are judged and analyzed,statistics of snow-cover area of three basins in the Qilian Mountains are made,and,by analyzing 8-year precipitation and altitude data,the snowline latitude-dependence is found.

利用1997—2004年5~8月的NOAA-AVHRR和EOS-MODIS卫星资料、周遍气象台站气象数据、人工增雨雪等相关资料，对河西内陆河流域上游的祁连山区积雪、冰川的光谱特征进行了判识，并分析了积雪面积和雪线高度变化。

Compares the economy of energy and heating charges for two heating seasons in the Kaili Garden, Tianjin, chosen as a pilot project of heating metering, where a calorimeter is installed at each building, a balance valve at each entrance and an evaporative heat meter and a thermal static valve on each radiator in the one-pipe vertical heating system, analyses the existed problems and energy saving potentials both by users' behaviour and by technical measures, considers the heating charging system reform and establishment of related regulations to be urgently needed.

辛坦选择天津凯立花园住宅小区作为热计量试点工程，在单管顺流式热水供暖系统中，每栋楼装一个热能表，每个热力入口装热量调节阀；每个散热器入口装温控阀，散热器上装蒸发式热分配表。对两个供暖季的节能效果与取暖费节省情况进行了对比分析，总结了存在的问题，从行为节能和技术节能的角度指出了节能的潜力，认为尽快将取暖费由暗补变明补、制定热计量收费管理办法是两个亟待解决的问题。

B Such a situation shall be deemed to exist when a vessel sees the other ahead or nearly ahead and by night she could see the masthead lights of the other in a line or nearly in a line and/or both sidelights and by day she observes the corresponding aspect of the other vessel.

当一船看见他船在正前方或接近正前方：即在夜间，能看见他船的前后桅灯成一直线或接近一直线和两盏舷灯；在日间，看到他船的上述相应形态时，则应认为存在这样的局面。

The Taliban insurgency goes from strength to strength, aided immeasurably by the support and sanctuary the insurgents enjoy across the border in Pakistan, and by the chronic weakness of that country's own feuding and shambolic government.

塔利班叛军势力日益强大，他们极大地受惠于其支持者及在巴边界享有的避难天堂，还有由于国家的宿怨和混乱而导致的长期软弱的政府。

Aided by his background in mathematics, engineering and design, and by his interest in complex sonic phenomena, Iannis Xenakis rejectied the strait-jacket of serialism and followed his own path to liberate sound from all a priori rules.

数学、工程和设计背景以及对复杂声音现象的兴趣为他提供了有益的帮助，Iannis Xenakis摒弃十二音阶作曲法的束缚，按照自己的方式把声音从所有的先验规则中解放出来。

On the basis of Attribution Theory and existing researches on the SELD, this thesis conducts an investigation and gets some conclusions from it: SELD's English learning inefficiency is influenced mostly by their English teachers externally and by learning motivation, learning interests, learning emotion and learning strategies of students themselves internally.

本文以归因理论和许多专家学者关于学习困难学生问题的研究成果为基础，通过调查得到结论：学习困难学生形成的原因主要集中在以教师教育影响为表现的外因上和以学生自身的学习动机、学习兴趣、学习情感和学习策略影响为表现的内因上。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。