查询词典 brainstem

The course will start with an overview of the central and peripheral nervous systems, the development of their structure and major divisions. The major functional components of the CNS will then be reviewed individually. Topography, functional distribution of nerve cell bodies, ascending and descending tracts in the spinal cord. Brainstem organization and functional components, including cranial nerve nuclei, ascending / descending pathways, amine-containing cells, structure and information flow in the cerebellar and vestibular systems. Distribution of the cranial nerves, resolution of their skeletal and branchial arch components. Functional divisions of the Diencephalon and Telencephalon. The course will then continue with how these various CNS pieces and parts work together.

这门课将会从中枢和周边神经系统构造的发展和主要的分化点来概述，中枢神经系统的主要功能将会在复习中个别地说明：神经细胞体的断层以及功能性的分布、脊髓内上升和下降神经束的特征学和功能分布；脑干组织和功能要素，包括脑神经核、上升和下降神经束走向、含胺基酸脑激素细胞的分布、小脑和内耳前庭系统的构造和资讯传导流；颅神经的分布、骨弓和腮弓的演化；间脑和终脑的功能与分类；这门课将会探讨这些不同的中枢神经系统如何一起作用。

Previous studies in animals implicated changes in the state of a portion of the brainstem, called the locus ceruleus, in shifts from distractible to attentive states.

之前的动物实验发现脑干的一部分，叫做locus ceruleus，的状态会随着注意分散到注意集中而改变。

Results MRI findings of central neurocytoma are specific in 5 cases. The ganglioglioma was found in the tempora and occipital lobe in 7 cases,in the brainstem in 1 case, cystic-solid tumor was observed in 5 cases with extramural nodule in 3 cases, obviously thickened gyri were revealed in 1 cases and central necrosis in 2 cases.The 3 cases of Lhermitte-Duclos disease include the specific molecular layer imaging features.

结果 5例中枢神经细胞瘤有一定的MRI特征，3例诊断正确。8例神经节细胞胶质瘤中，7例位于或主要位于颞、枕叶，1例位于桥脑和延髓，表现为囊实性者5例，实性部分位于囊外的有3例，呈实性表现为局部脑回增厚者1例，囊变坏死明显者2例。3例小脑发育不良性节细胞瘤有特征性的条纹状或分层状表现。

The results show that:44 out of 179 cases are of HECHDT,and 37 out of 179 cases are of death; the occurrence rate of digestive tract hemorrhage resulted from the hemorrhage of cerebral basis segment complicated by ventricle hematocele is the highest,and the sequence of the occurrence rates resulted from other position is subarchnoid cavity,brainstem,cerebral lobes,cerebellum,and within cerebral basis segment's hemorrhage; the encephalorrhagia complicated by the hemorrhage of digestive tract is mainly related to the factors of ventricular hematocele,center-line structure shift,hematoma quantity etc,and its case mortality is relatively high.

结果表明：179例中并发消化道出血44例(24.6%)，死亡37例(20.7%)；消化道出血发生率以脑基底节区出血并脑室积血为最高(38.9%)，其次依序为蛛网膜下腔、脑干、脑叶、小脑和局限于脑基底节区出血；并发消化道出血的病死率为50%，无消化道出血的病死率为11.1%。脑出血并发消化道出血主要与出血溢入脑室、中线结构移位、血肿量大等因素有关，且病死率高。

An autopsy reealed hemorrhagic and necrotic brainstem meningoencephalitis, and herpes simplex irus type 1 infection was confirmed by hybridization in situ.

尸解发现位于脑干的出血坏死性的脑膜脑炎，并通过原位杂交确定了单纯疱疹1型的感染。

Raphe nucleus has been described as a midline structure located in the midline region and adjacent reticular formations of the brainstem and mesencephalon.

中缝核群是位于延髓、脑桥和中脑的正中缝及其附近网状结构的一系列小核团所组成的核群的总称。

Brainstem is a middle station in messager transfer ring and take part in almost all the important function in central never system.

由于脑干内部有动眼神经核、滑车神经核、外展神经核的同时还有与核间性眼肌麻痹有关的内侧纵束和桥脑水平侧视中枢等结构。

The brainstem auditory evoked potentials were analysed on 167 children with mild intelligence retardition from iodine deficiency disorder endemic areas in Qinghai Plateau by using the machanism and method of evoked potentials in clinical medicine.

本文运用临床诱发电位学的原理和方法对长期居住于青海高原碘缺乏病区的167名轻度智力落后儿童进行了脑干听觉诱发电位的测试与分析，结果表明，有23例儿童(占13.8％)BAEP异常，且以听神经尤其耳蜗部的损伤为主(14/23)，同时也存在着蜗后性的损伤(8/23)。

Methods: The results of auditory brainstem response, compound action potention, cochlear microphonics , distortion product otoacoustic emissions and 40Hz auditory event related potential（40Hz AERP）were evaluated for the auditory function.

检测豚鼠免疫前后耳蜗微音电位、听神经复合动作电位、听性诱发电位、40Hz听觉相关电位、畸变产物耳声发射及对侧抑制效应等听功能改变；以阻尼旋转摆动试验检测其前庭功能改变。

Results The patients were predominently female teenagers with a history of gradual onset of bilateral hearing loss, pure tone audiometry revealed symmetric ascending audiograms with moderate hearing loss at frequencies below 1 kHz, but relatively normal hearing at 2 kHz and above. Speech reception thresholds were between 40 to 85 dB HL, discrimination score was from 29% to 68%. Stapedial reflex, auditory brainstem response and compound action potentials were absent or threshold elevated disproportionately to the pure tone threshold. All of the patients had normal cochlear microphonics and robust spontaneously and transiently evoked otoacoustic emissions, the TEOAE showed no contralateral suppression effects as seen in normal subjects.

结果 该病多在青春期后起病，女性较多发，表现为渐进性双耳对称性听力下降，纯音听力以低频损失为主，语言接受阈升高，分辨率下降，镫骨肌反射及ABR引不出或阈值明显升高与纯音听力不成比例，耳蜗微音器电位正常，听神经动作电位引不出，耳声发射波幅高、时程长且不为对侧声刺激所抑制。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。