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Based on Pontryagin maximum principle, the lunar soft landing problem is transformed into a two-point boundary value problem in mathematics. In consideration of the bound condition and transversality condition, the resulted two-point boundary value problem is converted into a parameter optimization problem aiming at the initial values of conjugate variables and the terminal time, then it is solved by the nonlinear programming.

首先，从庞德里亚金极大值原理出发，将有限推力作用下月球软着陆问题转化为数学上的两点边值问题；在考虑边界条件及横截条件的前提下，将该两点边值问题转化为针对共轭变量初值和末时刻的优化问题；然后应用非线性规划方法求解所形成的参数优化问题。

Other various scenery are also many by the topic volume, the antithetical couplet, the prefatory remarks and so on each kind of form cast the Confucianist thought to among; But the nearly 30 scenic spots have directly manifested Taoism"s natural boundary or the deity boundary pursue; Chinese tradition esthetics manifested and the imperial authority unification and the formula development in Old Summer Palace; Old Summer Palace makes the scenery mostly is the famous poem celebrated work description ideal condition and the famous painter"s landscape painting reappearance; In Old Summer Palace enables the north and south culture to south botanical garden imitation and the anomalous form design to achieve the fusion and so on manifests the Old Summer Palace landscape all the profound cultural connotation, unfolds the Old Summer Palace landscape is the Qing Dynasty culture carrier characteristic.

其他各景也多以题额、对联、题记等各种形式熔铸儒家思想于其中；而近30处景点直接体现了道家的自然境界或神仙境界的追求；中国传统美学在圆明园中体现出了与皇权的统一和程式化的发展；圆明园造景大多是名诗名作描写的意境和著名画家的山水画的再现；圆明园中对南方园林的模仿和变体设计则使南北文化达到融合等等无不体现出圆明园景观的深刻文化内涵，展现圆明园景观是清代文化载体的特色。

This paper discusses the displacement counter-calculated method, the in-out boundary element method, the combination boundary punition element with finite element, the time series analyzing and the Grey system theory on pressure and displacement of soft rock tunnel support.

论述了软岩巷道围岩及支护压力与位移计算和预报的位移反算方法、内外边界元方法、边界罚单元与有限元结合方法以及时间序列分析方法和灰色系统理论方法并结合该5种方法在岩土工程中的应用，探讨了它们的可行性和实用价值，为地下工程软岩巷道的支护和设计提供了重要的参考

This paper presents mechanical quadrature methods for solving the boundary integral equations of nonlinear boundary value problems.

本文提出了解非线性边值问题的边界积分方程的高精度机械求积法。

Then the contour of bandgap energy of AlGaInPAs and GaInPAsSb on different substrate materials are depicted. 2. The generalized boundary equation of miscibility gap in a Ⅲ-Ⅴ quinary and its explicit expression for two types of quinaries are derived for the first time, based on the relationship between Gibbs'free energy and the boundary of miscibility gap in a multicomponent solid solution.

首次从多元化合物的吉布斯自由能函数和互溶隙边界的内在联系出发，推导出了描述Ⅲ-Ⅴ族五元系化合物中互溶隙边界的一般方程，并结合在正规溶液近似基础上给出的五元系自由能表达式，推导出两类Ⅲ-Ⅴ族五元系化合物的互溶隙边界的显性表达式。

For example, the Boundary value of the bump/displacement map controls the raggedness of the snow/rock boundary of the color map.

其颜色贴图的凹凸/位移贴图界限条件值控制积雪/岩石的粗糙范围。

The paper further realizes a hardware accelerate boundary-scan controller to improve the performance of the remote experiment system. The controller can realize the process of "configuration" and "verify"automatically without the control of CPU. The controllers operation in the remote experiment system can reach the expected goal. By performance analysis, we conclude that hardware accelerate boundary-scan controller is significant faster than that realized with software.

从提升远程实验系统性能出发，本文进一步设计实现了一个硬件加速的边界扫描控制器，该控制器能够完成对目标FPGA的"配置"和"验证"，执行过程中不需要CPU干预，在整个远程实验系统联合调试的过程中，运行完全正常，达到了预期目标，并且通过性能分析证明，硬件加速的边界扫描控制器相比于软件实现，速度有显著提升。

It is discussed to recondition the coefficient matrix and to treat the domain with several media.Then external wavelets are used to deal with mixed boundary conditions, which simplifies the disposal of boundary conditions and improves the accuracy of approximate solutions.

讨论了系数矩阵的预处理技术和多介质问题的处理方法；在混合边界条件的处理中使用了外小波，既简化了边界条件的处理，又提高了近似解的精度。

Using the characteristic of the regular curve boundary for a bending plate in engineering,the analytic integral formulae of assistant states in boundary element method with the linear element for a Kirchhoff circular plate are introduced and the systematic equation of BEM is established in this paper.

利用一般弯曲薄板边界为规则曲线的特点，对工程常用的圆形弯曲薄板，采用线性单元，导出K irchhoff圆板各辅助态的边界积分解析表达式，建立问题的边界元法系统方程，从而使薄板的边界元分析完全避免通常使用的高斯积分，明显提高计算精度。

The free-surface boundary conditions are satisfied on the free-moving surface exactly without any approximation or linearization. The governing equations and the boundary conditions on the time-dependent, physical domain are transformed onto a regular domain for numerical computations.

为於未知的自由液面边界上满足非线性边界条件，本模式利用座标转换，将非稳态且不规则物理区间的流场控制方程式与边界条件，映射至规则的计算区间，以进行数值解析。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。