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The roughness shape of ceramic machining surface is analysed by four kinds of test methods: surface profile, scanning electron microanalyses, bearing ratio curve and profile ratio of peak to valley. Ceramics are machined by"plateau honing"to obtain the plateau property and wearability of machining surface. The machining surfaces own its functional surface.

采用表面微观轮廓、扫描电镜观察、表面支承长度率曲线以及表面轮廓峰谷比等四种研究方法，详尽分析了陶瓷材料加工表面的轮廓形状特征，并采用平顶珩磨加工方法，获得陶瓷加工表面的平顶特性，提高了加工表面耐磨性。

The bare cells with smooth surface presented transverse outspreading effect at mica surface. Great changes took place in surface roughness for those bacterial cells after metallization. A large number of nickel nanoparticles were observed to be equably distributed at bacterial surface after activation and subsequent metallization.

结果显示，空白对照菌表面平整光滑并在云母基底表面表现出较显著的铺展效应；经过活化和化学镀镍后的菌细胞表面粗糙度明显增大，并在基本保持原有菌模板外形的基础上，其高宽比有所增大。

The surface roughness of the laser shock peened medium has effect on the high frequency of laser-generated surface acoustic waves. As the impact times of the laser shock peening increase, the surface roughness has little effect on the dispersion of laser-generated surface acoustic waves. From the theoretical curve and experiment curve, it can ...

本文研究的结果，可对研究样品激光冲击硬化后残余应力、晶粒方向改变和错位密度增加分别对激光声表面波色散影响提供了基础，并对利用激光声表面波的色散特性来研究激光冲击硬化材料冲击层材料性质的变化具有一定的意义。

They are FF testing methods, surface treatment technique, evaluation of the properties of surface modification layer, coating induced embrittlement, selection of coating materials, effects of SP and other surface modification on fretting fatigue resistance . A new coating technology combined with shot peening is proved in improving FFR of titanium alloy. The relation between fretting wear and fretting fatigue mechanism of titanium alloy are discussed on the basis of the experimental results. The main contributions are as follows:(1) Shot peening is the most efficient way in improving fretting fatigue resistance of titanium alloys. Working hardening, roughening and compressive residual stress are involved in the shot peened surface.

本文针对上述问题，从影响FF行为的关键环节：FF实验方法、表面处理工艺技术及表层性能评价、镀层引起的钛合金脆化行为、脆化机制及镀层材料的选择、喷丸强化因数和表面涂层对钛合金FF抗力的影响、FF与微动磨损的联系等，深入系统地研究影响钛合金FF抗力的控制因数，探讨FF机理，并通过喷丸形变强化与新型表面镀或渗层合理复合，达到进一步提高钛合金FF抗力的目的。

In the atomic scale, the atoms in the surface layer have relaxed, and the oxygen atoms have been exposed in the surface layer, which leads the surface become double electric layer and the surface rumpling.

表面势场中断导致LaAlO_3薄膜表面电子(来源：ABC论23文网www.abclunwen.com)再分布，使得体系能带结构和电子态密度发生变化，LaO终止面的电子部分填充到了导带底部，其表面的载流子为电子。

Traditionally, a surface is usually scatted in an array of 3D data points which are topologically connected by rows and columns to form a rectangular mesh. This method can't meet the requirement of description and measurement for some complex surfaces. On the basis of tracing border points, a new method is proposed to deliver 3D data points of surfaces, which are topologically constructed with optimum rectangular and triangular mesh. In order to measure surface efficiently and safely with NC machine, an optimization of measurement paths is proposed to avoid interference between the measuring tool and the surface with holes. The curve design is the basis of surface modeling.

数控测量技术的发展为测量自动化、集成化、智能化提供了可能，而对于复杂曲面的自动测量规划则是测量技术中的难点问题，平行截面等数目测点分布和四边拓扑测点分布规划方法，不论在测点分布的合理性上还是在网格结构的优化方面，均难以满足形状或边界较复杂曲面的离散化描述和曲面造型的要求，为了实现任意拓扑曲面的自动测量，本文对复杂曲面的合理离散化描述和自动测量问题进行了研究，提出了基于边界跟踪、优化网格的测点自动分布规划和四边、三角混合网格的生成方法：同时对具有孔洞或测量干涉凸台等非完整曲面的测量路径优化问题进行了研究，提出了路径优化方法。

Our main products include: clothing / bags / handbag, such as accessories / zinc alloy die-casting products (alloy button, alloy trademark licensing, zippers films, etc.)/ Zinc Alloy Die (alloy button mold, alloy trademark licensing mode, zipper chip module, etc.)/ control surface mold (denim button surface mold, emergency button surface mold, into nail surface mode button, etc.).

本厂主要产品包括：服装／箱包／手袋等配件／锌合金压铸产品(合金钮扣、合金商标牌、拉链片、等)／锌合金模具(合金钮扣模、合金商标牌模、拉链片模等)／钮面模具(牛仔钮面模、急钮面模、撞钉钮面模等)。

Based on the summarizing of the algorithms of subdivision surface by Catmull and two-part texture mappings by Biers, this paper goes deeply into the realization algorithm of the Texture Mapping on the plane, quadratic surface and NURBS surface and the algorithm of the texture mapping when the plane and the general parametric surface are the optimal intermediate surfaces.

本文在研究和总结了Catmull的分割面片算法和Bier等两步纹理映射算法的基础上，讨论了平面和一般参数曲面作为中间曲面的纹理映射方法。

Use Hydro-Clay and run over wet surface until a smooth surface is felt (Pick up stain and smoothen surface)Caution: Always do claying on wet surface only.

用洁净泥在湿的表层轻柔移动直到感觉平滑注意：洁净泥只能用在湿的表面。

This article mainly introduced the theory,the classification of COONS surfuce and the analysis of the surface ,in view of each type of COONS surface's insufficiency, KongSi etc took the improvement of its methods and in accordance with the different requirements of continuity of surface, COONS surface will be divided into three Categories.

本文主要介绍了COONS曲面的理论、分类及曲面分析，针对每类COONS曲面的不足，孔斯等人采取一定的方法对其进行改进，并按照曲面连续性的不同要求，将COONS曲面分为了三大类。

Putt your way through 36 fun-filled holes of minigolf on 3D designed courses with elevated greens, bunkers, bridges and water hazards, among other crazy obstacles.

您的推杆方式，通过36个有趣的填孔迷你的三维设计的课程，以提升绿党，掩体，桥梁和水的危害，除其他疯狂的障碍。

Some participles can be used either as attributes or as predicatives.

有些分词既可当定语用，也可当表语用。