查询词典 boundary surface

From the surface, the atmosphere is labelled the troposphere for the first 14km up, then the tropopause (4km height), then the stratosphere (about 32km height), then the mesosphere (40km), then the ionosphere (over 600km in height) and finally the exosphere (another 200km), which is the boundary of space.

从表面上看，气氛标签的第一个14公里的对流层上升，那么对流层顶（4公里高度），然后在平流层（约32公里高度），然后中间层（40公里），然后在电离层（高度600公里以上）和最后是散逸层（另200公里），这是空间的边界。

When an elastic substrate in half-plane was subject to indentations by a rigid, flat-ended punch, a singular stress field and K-dominant region should arise adjacent to the punch edges. When the intensification of such singular stress fields reaches its critical value, fracture will take place on the surface of the contact boundary.

由于周期阵列刚性压头压在半平面弹性体的表面时，会产生周期的Ⅰ型奇异压应力场，该奇异应力场的应力集中达到一定程度时，即达到临界条件时，该奇异应力场所在的边界将开裂。

In this dissertation the"Penalty"finite element method was employed to compute the velocity of the three-dimensional flow of power-law fluid in a profile die. In order to decrease the needed computer memory and raise the stability of numerical simulation, a set of decoupled methods such as PFEM, pseudo-body force method and transformation of momentum equation to the elliptic equation was developed to establish the general finite element equations to compute the distributions of velocity and viscoelastic stress of the three-dimensional viscoelastic flow of the Phan ThienTanner fluid in a profile die. During numerical simulation of the extrudate swell of the PTT fluid, the flow in the die and out of the die was analyzed separately, which demands less computer memory. The key techniques used in numerical simulation of the three-dimensional extrusion from dies such as decision of boundary conditions, creation of initial velocity field, selection of penalty factor, high Weissenberg number problem , regeneration of the free surface were studied in detail.

中文题名聚合物异型材口模挤出三维流动研究副题名外文题名 Study on three-dimensional flow of polymer melts during the process of profile extrusion from dies 论文作者涂志刚导师柳和生包忠诩教授学科专业材料加工工程研究领域\研究方向学位级别博士学位授予单位南昌大学学位授予日期2001 论文页码总数148页关键词挤出成型聚合物材料挤出口模聚合物异型材馆藏号BSLW /2003 /TQ320 /9 本文建立了求解挤出口模内幂律流体流动速度场的通用三维罚有限元模型；对于非线性粘弹性的Phan Thien-Tanner流体，为了降低模拟计算对计算机硬件的要求，并使模拟计算更加稳定，采用了一种去耦算法，包括罚有限元方法、拟体力方法和动量方程的椭圆类方程转化方法，并建立了求解速度场和粘弹性应力场的总体有限元方程；对于PTT流体的挤出胀大问题，提出了挤出胀大熔体口模内外分离模拟法，这样可以显著降低数值模拟对计算机硬件的要求。

A comprehensive review and expectation about researching status in quo and development trends of viscous flow numerical simulation technique are given in this paper and grids generation methods, numerical computation methods, turbulent model and moving boundary simulation methods are the emphasis study in the paper. On the basic of above job a mathematical model of simulation turbulent flow with free surface is established and triumphantly applied to numerical computation on 2D spillway and 3D spillway with frusta of brake.

本文针对粘流场数值模拟技术的研究现状和发展动态作了比较全面的回顾与展望，重点研究了网格生成技术、数值求解技术、湍流模型技术和动边界模拟技术，在此基础上建立了模拟自由面湍流场的数学模型，并成功地应用到二维溢流坝和带闸墩的三维溢流坝过坝水流的数值计算。

E〓 is not only correlative with the H content in the films, but also related to the distribution of H located at grain boundary, the grain size and the free carrier absorption.(5) The Si films with tips on the surface were growth by ICP-CVD.

实验发现，由于样品中存在晶粒与晶粒间界，其光学带隙不但与薄膜中H含量大小有关，而且与H在晶粒间界处的分布情况、晶粒尺寸以及自由载流子吸收等效应相关。

Since the initial start of buried pipelines results in three-dimen-sional unstable heat transmission , and at initial start the temperature change of the soil around a pipeline is affected by the temperature inside the pipeline and the ground surface temperature annual fluctuation, the differential equation for heat transmission and the boundary value may be line...

埋地输油管道启输过程是三维非稳定传热问题，启输过程中管周土壤温度场的变化受管内热水温度和启输前地表面温度年波幅的影响，可将传热微分方程和边值条件线性组合成两个定解问题，用电子计算机进行数值求解，得出计算公式，以确定预热阶段管路任一点任一时刻的热水介质温度。

Combined with the boundary conditions of soil surface under unit impulse excitation,the Green's functions for ground displacements in wavenumber-frequency domain are deduced.The Green's functions obtained are implemented by MATLAB,and their preliminary characteristics are presented via an example.

结合单位脉冲荷载作用下地基土表面的边界条件，推导出波数-频率域内地基土表面位移Green函数的解析解，用Matlab程序语言对理论进行实现并通过算例对地基土表面位移Green函数的特征进行了分析和总结。

The moving boundary condition, arc-length inters transformation and linear interpolation method is used to control the density of the grids near the surface of the ship hull and within the computational domain.

计算表明，研究船舶作操纵运动时的水动力，考虑粘性边界层与不考虑粘性边界层的水动力计算结果有明显的差别，说明粘性对作操纵运动船舶水动力的影响比较明显。

An atmospheric area about80 kilometers(50 miles) above the earth's surface, forming the upper boundary of the mesosphere.

中间层离地球表面约80公里（即50英里）的空气地带，形成中间层的上边界

An atmospheric area about80kilometers(50miles)above the earth's surface,forming the upper boundary of the mesosphere.

中间层离地球表面约80公里(即50英里)的空气地带，形成中间层的上边界乡野气息十足的地区。

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。