查询词典 bone-black

Analyzing the change of DH, PCL and active calcium, and selecting each of best method. The results:(1) Dealing with the bone under high pressure ①High content of protein in sheep bone or bone soup:0.05MPa, 2h, 1:2;②Low amino acids in bone powder:0.13MPa, 4h, 1:3; Low amino acids in bone soup: 0.10MPa, 3h, 1:4;(2) Hydrolysis the bone soup with enzymes ①High content of calcium: neutral enzyme, 1500u/L, 6h;②High DH: pancreatic enzyme, 1:100, 6h;③ Low PCL: Pancreatic enzyme, 1:125, 6h; High PCL: alkalescency enzyme,

结果表明：A、高压①骨粉及骨汤蛋白质含量最高：压力为0.05MPa，高压2.0h，骨水比为1：2；②骨粉中氨态氮最低：压力0.13MPa，高压4.0h，骨水比为1：3；骨汤中氨态氮最低：0.10MPa，3.0h，骨水比1：4；B、酶解①游离钙含量最高：中性蛋白酶，酶浓度1500u/L，酶解6h；②水解度最高：胰蛋白酶，酶浓度1：100，酶解6h；③PCL值最低：胰蛋白酶，酶浓度1：125，酶解6h；PCL值最高：碱性蛋白酶，酶浓度1500u/L，酶解8h。

The results:(1) Dealing with the bone under high pressure ① High content of protein in sheep bone or bone soup:0.05MPa, 2h, 1:2;② Low amino acids in bone powder:0.13MPa, 4h, 1:3; Low amino acids in bone soup: 0.10MPa, 3h, 1:4;(2) Hydrolysis the bone soup with enzymes ① High content of calcium: neutral enzyme, 1500u/L, 6h;② High DH: pancreatic enzyme, 1:100, 6h;③ Low PCL: Pancreatic enzyme, 1:125, 6h; High PCL: alkalescency enzyme,

结果表明： A 、高压①骨粉及骨汤蛋白质含量最高：压力为0.05MPa ，高压2.0h ，骨水比为1：2；②骨粉中氨态氮最低：压力0.13MPa ，高压4.0h ，骨水比为1：3；骨汤中氨态氮最低：0.10MPa ，3.0h ，骨水比1：4； B 、酶解①游离钙含量最高：中性蛋白酶，酶浓度1500u/L ，酶解6h ；②水解度最高：胰蛋白酶，酶浓度1：100，酶解6h ；③ PCL 值最低：胰蛋白酶，酶浓度1：125，酶解6h ； PCL 值最高：碱性蛋白酶，酶浓度1500u/L ，酶解8h 。

Histological observation: Four weeks after implantation, porcine cancellous bone scaffold/bone marrow stromal cells complex appeared new bone formation and scaffold's degradation, which significantly increased in 8 weeks; In 12 weeks, new bone continued to increase and changed gradually to mature bone, a small amount of the Havers system was seen, the trabecular bone was not typical, capillary proliferated obviously, few residual scaffolds were seen, and no inflammatory cells were observed.

组织学观察：猪松质骨支架/骨髓基质干细胞复合体植入后4周开始有新骨生成，支架开始降解；8周时新骨的形成及支架的降解都明显增加；12周时新骨继续增加，逐渐向成熟骨组织转变，可见少量哈佛系统，但骨小梁尚不典型，毛细血管增生明显，少量支架残留，未见炎症细胞。

Then the alveolar bone of model 1 was lowered to respectively construct Model 2(Bone loss was one fourth of the root), Model 3(Bone loss was one third of the root), Model 4(Bone loss was the half of the root), Model 5 (Bone loss was the two third of the root) and Model 6 (Bone loss was the three fourth of the root).

在模型1基础上，将牙槽骨骨高度分别删除1层、2层、3层、4层、5层(使处理后的牙槽骨骨高度与牙根长度之比由1：1变为3：4、2：3、1：2、1：3、1：4)，产生模型2、模型3、模型4、模型5、模型6，代表五种不同程度的牙槽骨骨吸收模型。

METHODS: From January 2000 to May 2002, 52 cases with various types of bone defect were treated with tissue engineered bone, which was constructed in vitro by allogeneous osteoblasts from periosteum 1 x 10(6/ml with bio-derived bone scaffold following 3 to 7 days co-culture. Among them, there were 7 cases of bone cyst, 22 cases of non-union or malunion of old fracture, 15 cases of fresh comminuted fracture of bone defect, 4 cases of spinal fracture and posterior route spinal fusion, 3 cases of bone implant of alveolar bone, 1 case of fusion of tarsotarsal joint.

2000年1月～ 2002年1月，用同种异体骨膜来源的成骨细胞 1×106 / ml与生物衍生骨支架材料构建的组织工程骨，经体外培养 3～ 7天后，植入修复52例各种类型的骨缺损，其中骨囊性病变7例，陈旧性骨折不愈合或畸形愈合 2 2例，新鲜粉碎性骨折伴骨缺损 15例，脊柱骨折后路植骨融合术4例，牙槽骨植骨 3例，足跗中关节植骨融合 1例。

Results In the heated bone ,bone lacunae were empty ,no bone cells existed ,bone lamella was seen ,granular basophilia staining was seen in some parts of the lamella. In bone medulla , no cell existed , thrombosis occurred in some blood ,partial bone lamella disappeared.

结果 整个视野内骨陷窝空虚，无骨细胞存在，骨板尚清晰，部分骨板出现颗粒状嗜碱性染色，骨髓腔内，基本无细胞结构，血管闭塞，哈佛氏系统结构不清，部分区域骨板层状结构消失，呈一片均质的嗜伊红染色。

The fundamental imaging features of osteosarcoma were showed bone destruction, periosteal reaction, neoplastic bone and soft-tissue mass. Among 49 cases examined by radiography, osteoblastic pattern sarcoma was found in 19 cases, osteolytic pattern sarcoma was found in 13 cases and mixed pattern sarcoma was found in 17 cases. The detection rates of bone destruction, periosteal reaction, soft-tissue mass, neoplastic bone and Codman triangle by radiography were respectively 61.2%, 95.9%, 71.4%, 73.5%and 27.7%. All 10 cases with CT scan were showed bone destruction, soft - tissue mass and neoplastic bone. The detection rates of periosteal reaction,憇ieve sign挶 and Codman triangle with CT scan were respectively 90%, 90% and 11%. The tiny neoplastic bone and"sieve sign"were showed sensitively by CT, but Codman triangle was showed by radiography superior to CT.32 cases with MRI scan presented the normal marrow was replaced by the tumor, which was showed low to intermediate signal intensity on T1-weighted images and promiscuity signal intensity on T2-weighted images. 7 cases presented hemorrhage and 24 cases presented necrosis.

骨肉瘤基本影像表现为骨质破坏、骨膜反应、瘤骨和软组织肿块。49例X线表现为成骨型19例，溶骨型13例，混合型17例；X线对骨质破坏、骨膜反应、软组织肿块、瘤骨和Codman三角的检出率分别为61.2%、95.9%、71.4%、73.5%和27.7%；10例CT表现均可见骨质破坏、软组织肿块及瘤骨，CT对骨膜反应、筛孔征和Codman三角的检出率为90%、90%和11%；CT对显示细小肿瘤骨和筛孔征最敏感，但对Codman三角的显示不如X线平片；32例MRI表现为骨髓腔内正常的骨髓高信号被肿瘤信号所取代，T1WI呈低～等信号，T2WI呈混杂信号，7例合并出血，24例中央坏死囊变，32例增强扫描均呈不均匀强化及瘤周可见水肿区。

To evaluate the effect of autolyzed antigen-extrac ted allogenic bone graft combined with autogenic red bone marrow o n bone defects, 58 cases with benign bone tumor(66 long bones) were treated with curettage operation, and the post-curettage bone defects were filled with the complex of "AAA" bone combined with autogenic red bone marrow.

目的：探讨同种异体低抗原脱钙骨与自体红骨髓复合移植对良性肿瘤刮除后骨缺损修复能力的影响。

Breast cancer commonly metastasizes to bones, producing both osteolytic and osteoblastic deposits. Different markers for quantitative determination of bone turnover have been developed to evaluate bone metastases of breast cancer. The urinary deoxypyridionline, a crosslink product of collagen molecules found in bone and excreted in urine during bone degradation, and bone specific alkaline phosphatase, an isoenzyme localized in the membrane of osteoblasts and released in circulation during bone formation, were recently described as a group of markers of bone turnover in metastatic cancer.

乳癌患者常见骨髓转移造成溶骨性及成骨性沈积物，而利用不同标记来定量骨质转换形态，可以评估乳癌骨骼转移的变化，而尿液中Deoxypyridinoline是骨质内胶原分子在骨骼破坏分解时至尿中的产物，骨特殊碱性磷酸酵素是一种同形酵素，位於成骨细胞的外膜且在骨骼形成时释放至血液中，利用此两种生化标记，可以来预测乳癌转移至骨骼的转换情形。

In the second part of this thesis. The biological process of porons HA/bBMP composite repairing experimental defect in the dog femora and monkey mandibular were investigated by the qualitative and quantitative methods. The results showed that not only were the speed and time of new bone ingrowing into the bBMP/HA composite much quicker and earlier than that of implants of HA alone, but also the quantity of new bone ingrowth into bBMP/HA composite was much higher than that of HA alone. The bone ingrowth of bBMP/HA composite at higher rate within 3 weeks. In this study, bBMP/HA promoted more active new bone formation in bone marrow tissue than did HA alone. This reveals that BMP, brought into the bone marrow with HA as a carrier, accelerates osteogenesis or osteoinduction, providing sime bone marrow cells with more differentiative potential.

论文第二部分应用定性和定量的方法，较全面地研究了HA/bBMP复合人工骨在修复狗股骨和猴下颌骨实验性缺损中的生物学过程，研究发现，新骨组织长入HA/bBMP复合人工骨的时间和速度都较单纯HA早和快，而且新骨形成量也明显高于单纯HA，HA/bBMP在挂入后早期(3周)的成骨最为活跃，自体骨髓组织可为BMP提供敏感的靶细胞，增强BMP的骨诱导效果和HA/bBMP复合人工骨的骨修复能力。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。