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Considering the merits of in vivo studies in biotransformation i. e. activation or inactivation, protein-binding such as sex hormone binding protein , toxicokinetics, and more evaluative in hazard identification and risk assessment, we selected a battery of short-term and long-term in vivo studies, including uterotrophic assay in weaning mice and ovariectomized adult mice, an in vivo multiple endpoints assay, and a gestational and lactational exposure assay to identify the estrogenic effects of endosulfan on the offspring.

考虑到体内试验在代谢转化、血浆蛋白如性激素结合蛋白的结合、代谢动力学等方面比体外试验优越，在危害鉴定和危险度评定中更有价值，我们选择了多项体内试验，包括对幼年小鼠和卵巢切除成年小鼠的子宫增殖作用、对成年去势小鼠的体内多终点观察以及大鼠孕期和哺乳期接触对雄性子代生殖系统结构和功能的改变，即去雄性化或雌性化作用等，来验证硫丹的体内雌激素样作用。

The results imply that the inhibition of NADPH is due to the earlier binding of NADPH to the enzyme which caused the arm to move from the condensation domain to the reduction domain so as to affect the binding of substrate malonyl CoA and inhibit the activity.

实验结果表明：NADPH对脂肪酸合成酶的抑制可能是由于NADPH在酶上过早的结合而使该酶的活臂向远离缩合中心的方向移动，从而影响了底物丙二酰辅酶A与酶的结合，造成酶活性的下降。

The macrocyclic polyamines are a kind of excellent ligands and have a substantially high binding affinity with transition metal ions. Macrocyclic polyamine metal complexes as enzyme models are widely used in chemical biology, medicine and gene therapy. 1, 4, 7, 10-tetrazacyclododecane is a representative macrocyclic polyamines compound and shows high binding affinity with transition metal ions, such as Zn, Cu and Co. Their metal complexes especially multinuclear complexes were widely used in DNA, RNA recognition.

大环多胺化合物是一类性质独特的优秀配体，具有良好的金属配位能力，其金属配合物作为人工酶模型广泛应用于核酸结构及功能研究、基因表达与调控、抗癌药物的研制等生物、化学和医学领域。1，4，7，10-四氮杂十二烷是典型的大环多胺化合物，对过渡金属离子Zn， Cu and Co有良好的配位能力，这些金属配合物特别是多核金属配合物被广泛应用于DNA识别中。

Using 〓-SCH 23390 (0.02-2 nM) and 〓-spiperone (0.02-2 nM) as ligands bound to 〓 and 〓 receptors in rat neostriatum, Scatchard curve showed aproximately a linear relationship for both 〓-SCH 23390 and 〓-spiperone binding, indicating they labeled separate one binding site.

应用〓和〓〓与大鼠新纹状体中〓、〓受体相结合，Scatchard作图显示均接近直线，表明分别标记受体的一个结合位点。

The data display sharp resolution of binding position [+/-50 base pairs], which facilitated our finding motifs and allowed us to identify noncanonical NRSF-binding motifs.

数据显示了结合位点灵敏的分辨率(+/-50bp)，使得我们寻找motif 变得容易，并允许我们确定以前未发现的 NRSF-结合motifs。

Upon binding ATP or a nonhydrolyzable analog such as AMPPNP, RecA undergoes an allosteric transition into a high-affinity DNA-binding form. When RecA combines with dsDNA to form RecA-dsDNA nucleofiliment, it can unwind dsDNA and change the dsDNA structure.

在ATP或其类似物的辅助下，RecA可以直接与双股DNA结合而形成核丝，并将双股DNA加以解螺旋，并改变双股DNA的结构。

Results: 125 I Mel binding sites in optomeninx was the most, in eptochiasm and sniff ball was next; GTPγS dose dependently inhibited the binding.

结果 ：视网膜 1 2 5 I- Mel特异结合量最高，视交叉及嗅球次之，其次为下丘脑、海马、脑干；动力学分析表明 Mel与其受体的结合为可逆性结合；特异性结合分析提示对 Mel呈高度特异性；10和 5 0μm ol/ L GTPγS使 1 2 5 I- Mel特异结合降低。

Objective: To observe the effect of plasmid DNA binding to sarcoplasmic reticulum non-nuclear DNA binding proteins on SR function.

目的：观察DNA与骨骼肌肌质网蛋白结合后对肌质网功能的影响。

The structure models of zirconium sulfate tetrahydrate and silica have been built. The binding morphology, charge distribution and energy change were also studied. It is deduced that the strong interactions between the active composition and support through hydrogen binding and dehydrate mode promise that zirconium sulfate tetrahydrate can disperse uniformly on the surface of support.

在对硅胶表面结构单元和四水硫酸锆单体空间模型结构参数进行优化的基础上，依据四水硫酸锆与硅胶载体表面的成键状态、电荷布居及能量变化，从理论上分析了四水硫酸锆与载体表面之间静电和脱水的相互作用的合理模型及硅胶负载型硫酸锆的结构稳定性，阐明了硫酸锆在载体表面的分散趋向于单分散的特征。

The efficiency of selection was monitored by comparing the number of phage recovered from the acid elution and cell lysate in each round,and by testing EGFR binding specificity of polyclonal phagescFv on CHOEGFRGFP1 and CHOK1 cell with cell ELISA. Bacterial PCR was used to select clones containing a 1 kb insert. Cell ELISA was used to determine EGFR binding specificity of monoclonal pscFv on EGFR positive and negative cell. The number of individual EGFRbinding clones was determined with nucleotide sequencing. Results 500fold enrichments were observed by tittering phages in the cell lysate after five rounds of selection.

以稳定转染的CHOEGFRGFP1细胞和未转染的CHOK1细胞分别作为EGFR阳性和阴性细胞，采用负筛选的方法进行筛选；通过比较每轮投入及洗脱出噬菌体的效价比以及细胞ELISA检测多克隆pscFv与阳性、阴性细胞结合情况对筛选过程进行监测；采用菌落PCR挑选含有全长scFv片断的菌落，进一步用细胞ELISA检测单克隆pscFv与EGFR阳性及阴性细胞结合特异性；挑选EGFR特异性单克隆pscFv采用DNA测序法确定克隆多样性。

Listen,point and check your answers.

听，指出并且检查你的答案。

Warming needle is one of effective treatment methods for knee arthralgia aggravated by cold,and it is simple,safety,so it should be developed in clinical acupuncture and moxibustion extensively.

但以本院科针灸门诊在2005年1月—2006年6月期间共收治膝痛患者100余例，经过临床的诊断后，其中施以温针治疗的48例，疗效显著，报道如下。1临床资料本组病例48