查询词典 binding energy

For thin polycrystalline films, especially those with columnar structure, once the diameter of grains on the film surface is larger than the film thickness, the total area of above and under basal planes (film-substrate interface) will be larger than that of side plane. Therefore besides the minimization of boundary energy in traditional bulk material, surface energy, interface energy would be considered due to the anisotropy of surface energy, interface energy being able to drive the grain growth and texture evolution in thin films.

对于薄膜特别是柱状晶薄膜，当晶粒在膜平面内的尺寸大于膜厚时，柱状晶粒的上底面和下底面的面积将大于侧面的面积，因此薄膜中的晶粒生长除像整体材料中的晶粒生长一样考虑晶界能外，还需要考虑表面能和界面能，因为各向异性的表面能和界面能将导致薄膜中的异常晶粒生长和织构变化。

The energy consumption in unit architectural area in our country is nearly 4 times as much as that in developed country with the approximate climatic conditions. China is a country with deficient energy resources, so using the energy reasonably and enhancing the utilization ratio are fundamental plans for developing our society. Improving the energy conservation technology for exterior wall and enclosure structure, innovating the heat insulation materials, and reducing building energy consumption are of great significances.

当今社会，发达国家都空前地重视节能问题，我国目前的单位建筑面积采暖用能耗相当于气候条件相近的发达国家的3～4倍，中国是一个能源比较贫瘠的国家，因此合理利用能源，提高能源利用率是我国社会发展的根本大计，而建筑物外墙围护结构节能技术的改进，保温材料的更新对社会及建筑能耗的降低具有极其重大的意义。

The pure low temperature generating system does not need to consume the mineral energy, does not need the boiler, the system in is lower than 100℃ below generates electricity; Its supplies energy may take the arrogant natural environmental-energy source purely, like the geothermy, the sea water temperature difference, the season-energy, the solar energy and so on, also may take from the industry waste steam, the waste water, the waste heat, the afterheat and so on

单纯的低温发电系统无须消耗矿物能源，无须锅炉，系统在低于100℃以下发电；其供给能源可单纯取自大自然的环境能源，如地热、海水温差、季节能、太阳能等，也可取自工业的废汽、废水、废热、余热等

The available energy of LNG consists of temperature available energy and pressure available energy. The recycle for shaft seal gas of the pressure power generation system is utilizing LNG's temperature available energy to recycle the available energy of LNG and the discharged natural gas from pressure power generation system.

LNG可用能包括温可用能与压可用能，压能发电系统之轴封气回收系用LNG温可用能，回收LNG可用能源与压能发电系统轴封气排放之天然气。

Sustainable Energy Star's" annual givings amount to 100,000 yuan.Excellence in Reporting,(10 recipients)-- 5,000 RMBJournalists from leading media may participate in "Sustainable Energy Star reporter. The article must directly pertain to improving energy efficiency and renewable energy policy formulation in China. Relevant reports can be sent to us; just include your name, phone, E-mail and article for evaluation, we will notify winners in advance so that they may attend our celebration each June Energy.

可持续能源记者之星&每年奖金总额为10万人民币下设杰出贡献奖5名，奖金10000元人民币优秀报道奖10名，奖金5000元人民币各大媒体的记者均可参与&可持续能源记者之星的评选，只要您本年度（头年6月——今年6月）的报道有助于中国提高能源效率和可再生能源的政策制定和实施，就可以将相关报道寄给我们，并注明您的姓名、手机、E-mail和参选文章，我们将在每年的6月由可持续能源记者论坛的专家委员会评选出本年度的能源记者之星。

Results showed that, the specific refining energy consumption is decreased with increment of rotation speed of the primary refiner. At freeness level of about 670 mL CSF, for example, the specific refining energy consumptions is 363 kWh/t o.d. at 3000 r/min, and 305 kWh/t o.d. at 3500 r/min, which is equivalent to 16% energy saving, furthermore the specific energy consumption is only 265 kWh/t o.d. at 4000 r/min, which means 27% less refining energy required. At the same time, pulps produced at higher refiner speed have higher strength properties and lower shives contents. There is little change of optical properties of the pulps.

结果表明：小叶桉物料在相同条件下进行汽蒸、挤压和化学预浸渍后，分别采用3500 r/min和4000 r/min的盘磨转速进行第一段磨浆，浆料磨至游离度670 mL时所需磨浆电耗与3000 r/min时的相比，分别下降16%和27%；浆料中纤维束含量分别降低20%和35%；第一段磨后浆料再分别经相同盘磨转速（3000 r/min）的后续磨浆后，与相近游离度的浆料性能比较可知，随第一段磨浆盘磨转速的提高，浆料的细小组分含量略有增加，纤维束含量显著降低，强度性能有不同程度的改善，但光学性能变化不显著。

In present China, the development of integrated circuit, silicon plate and solar energy greatly pushes the development of polysilicon materials. It is estimated that the production of solar energy battery will reach 300 MW, requiring 4200 tons of polysilicon. Moreover, the production of solar energy battery is increasing worldwide. It is estimated that in 2010, total worldwide installation of solar energy battery will be 18000MW at the least, requiring over 30000 tons of solar energy polysilicon. The market demand is great. Therefore, this product has a vast and bright market future.

目前，随着中国集成电路的增长，硅片生产和太阳能电池产业的发展，大大带动多晶硅材料的增长，预测到2010年太阳能电池产量达到300MW，需要多晶硅约4200吨，而世界各国太阳能电池产量也在不断增加，预计2010年世界太阳能电池累计安装量至少18000MW，太阳能电池用多晶硅至少在30000吨以上，市场需求量极大，由此可见，该产品将有广阔的市场前景。

Energy conservation processed glass market prospect: Our country construction energy consumption approximately composes the total energy consumption above 1/4, but constructs windows and doors' energy consumption to occupy the construction energy consumption about half.

投资估算及资金来源：&河北南玻玻璃有限公司新能源及节能玻璃项目&规划总投资23.62亿元，其中自有资金7.7946亿元；项目融资15.8254亿元。

According to industry sources, at the time of trying to develop a plan to address the restructuring of the energy management bodies, there were four different plans: The first was to create a Ministry of Energy; second was for a National Energy Commission, another was for a National Leading Group on Energy, and yet another was to promote the SDRC's energy office to a unit at vice-ministerial level.

据业内人士透露，当时在重构国家能源管理机构的问题上，有四种不同的方案：一是成立能源部；二是成立国家能源委员会；三是成立国家能源领导小组；四是把发改委能源局提升为副部级单位。

Through analysis of the thermal equilibrium to the coke oven, it's determined that the sensible heat recoveries of the hot coke physical thermal energy, crude gas, and combustion waste gas are the main three aspect of the residual heat recovery in coke production. Among these, hot coke physical thermal energy is prime recovery resource with an approximate occupation of 35% of the total coke oven heat. On studying to the production processing of coke oven gas purification system, residual heat resource composite, energy system structure, and the state of the art of the recovery of the heat source, it's determined that the way of residual heat resource utilization is mainly to modify the chemical processing and the high temperature recovery processing medium, the energy system mainly adopts home-grown energy resource (coke oven gas. etc.) in stead of direct outsourcing.

通过对炼焦炉的热平衡分析，确定了炼焦生产余热资源的回收利用主要方向为回收红焦物理热、荒煤气和燃烧废气显热，其中，红焦显热占供入焦炉热量的35%左右，是主要研究对象；通过分析煤气净化系统生产工艺和余热资源构成，以及能源系统结构和工艺现状，确定了煤气净化系统余热资源利用途径以调整化工工艺、回收高温工艺介质余热为主，能源系统以采用自产能源替代直接外购能源为主。

Listen,point and check your answers.

听，指出并且检查你的答案。

Warming needle is one of effective treatment methods for knee arthralgia aggravated by cold,and it is simple,safety,so it should be developed in clinical acupuncture and moxibustion extensively.

但以本院科针灸门诊在2005年1月—2006年6月期间共收治膝痛患者100余例，经过临床的诊断后，其中施以温针治疗的48例，疗效显著，报道如下。1临床资料本组病例48