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The incidences of 4 water-borne infectious diseases except bacteroidal diarrhea showed downtrends year after year in 10 past years.By relativity analyzing,there were negative correlations between overall incidences of 4 water-borne infectious diseases and the qualification rate of drinking water coliform group,between the incidence of hepatitis A and drinking water coliform, between the incidence of typhoid or paratyphoid and drinking water total plate countand between the incidence of typhoid or paratyphoid and drinking water coliform.

改水10年间四类主要介水传染病除菌痢以外均呈逐年下降趋势，经相关性分析，四类主要介水传染病的总发病率与饮用水大肠菌群、甲肝发病率与饮用水大肠菌群、伤寒副伤寒发病率分别与同期饮用水细菌总数和大肠菌群指标合格率变化之间呈负相关。

There are large niche overlaps between the shrub and semi-shrub species and among the herbaceous plants of which the overlap between H. scoparium and A. ordosica and between Chloris virgata and Bassia dasyphylla were 0.7192 and 0.8622, respectively, and this indicates that they have greater ecological similarity thus possessing strong competitive capacities in community succession; there are smaller niche overlaps between A. ordosica and various herbaceous plants and thus they can stably co-existed.

灌木、半灌木种之间、草本植物与草本植物之间的生态位重迭值较大，其中花棒与油蒿、虎尾草与雾冰藜之间的生态位重迭值分别为0.7192和0.8622，这表明二者之间有较大的生态相似性，从而在演替过程中具有较强的竞争作用；而半灌木油蒿与各草本植物之间的生态位重迭值很小，它们能够实现稳定共存。

There are large niche overlaps between the shrub and semi-shrub species and among the herbaceous plants of which the overlap between H. scoparium and A. ordosica and between Chloris virgata and Bassia dasyphylla were 0.7192 and 0.8622, respectively, and this indicates that they have greater ecological similarity thus possessing strong competitive capacities in community succession; there are smaller niche overlaps between A. ordosica and various herbaceous plants and thus they can stably co-existed.

灌木、半灌木种之间、草本植物与草本植物之间的生态位重叠值较大，其中花棒与油蒿、虎尾草与雾冰藜之间的生态位重叠值分别为0.7192和0.8622，这表明二者之间有较大的生态相似性，从而在演替过程中具有较强的竞争作用；而半灌木油蒿与各草本植物之间的生态位重叠值很小，它们能够实现稳定共存。

Though conflict and harmony have represented biggish complexity in different arrangements in human existence and in quality and quantity, but conflict and harmony between man and nature, conflict and harmony between man and society, conflict and harmony between man and man, conflict and harmony between man and ego are ubiquitous forms of conflict and harmony.

尽管冲突与和谐在人类生存的不同层次中以及在质上与量上表现出了较大的复杂性，但是人与自然的冲突与和谐、人与社会的冲突与和谐、人与人的冲突与和谐以及人与自我之间的冲突与和谐却是冲突与和谐的普遍的存在形式。

Although the study found that some of the widest gaps between social groups have diminished over time (that between men and women on pay, for example, and between various ethnic minorities), deep-seated differences between haves and have-nots persist, blighting the life chances of the less fortunate.

尽管研究发现，一些原本较大的社会差距已随着时间慢慢消失（如男女工资差距，不同种族的工资差距），但根深蒂固的贫富差距仍然存在，且正损害着不幸的人们的生存机会。

By comparison between SMM HXRBS observation and ground observation of Hα and CaIIK lines, especially through the combined study between SMM HXRBS observation and chromospheric flare models, the results show that: in the initial stage of impulsive phase, there is a correlative relation betweem Hα line intensity and hard X-ray emission; different spike in hard X-ray flux curve represents the burst at different location; the energy taken by non-thermal electron beam is larger than the radiative loss in chromosphere; for the flare studied here, the chromospheric evapporation is explosive; if the chromosphere is in balance between electron beam bombardment and radiative loss, the column mass density at the top of chromospheric flare model can not be taken as measure from the source of electrons and then the total material between the source of electrons and the top of chromosphere can be estimated.

通过一个具体耀斑的SMM HXRBS观测结果与同时基于地面得到的Hα和CaⅡK可见光谱观测结果对比，特别是将硬x谱观测结果与色球半经验模型联立研究，结果显示出：在脉冲相上升段，硬x发射与Hα辐射之间存在对应关系；硬x线光变曲线中不同脉冲爆发分量不太可能起源于同一位置；硬x辐射所反映的高能非热电子总携带能量大于色球总辐射损失；对所研究的耀斑而言，其色球蒸发过程是爆发性的；在详细比较了非热电子色球总沉积和色球辐射损失的基础上，指出半经验模型中色球顶部柱数密度不能看成是从非热电子源度量的，从而估计了色球顶部到非热电子源之间的总物质。

Nutrition solution culture, ICP-AES, the differential centrifugation technique and sequential chemical extraction method, suppression subtractive hybridization , RAPD were used in this thesis to study the mechanisms of copper tolerance and accumulation by Commelina communis grown in copper mine deposit which was reported to be a Cu hyperaccumulator, compared with C. communis grown in normal soil. Several aspects were examined, including: difference of copper tolerance and accumulation between C. communis grown in copper mine deposit and that grown in normal soil; difference of growth and nutrient accumunation between C. communis grown in copper mine deposit and that grown in normal soil under copper treatment; physiological differences between between C. communis grown in copper mine deposit and that grown in normal soil under copper treatment; subcellular distribution and chemical forms of Cu in C. communis; identification of cDNA fragments differentially expressed in C. communis grown in copper mine deposit; genetic diversity and copper tolerance of C. communis, tolerance mechanisms to copper in C. communis are discussed.

中文题名鸭跖草对铜的耐性机理和富集特征研究副题名外文题名 Mechanisms of Cu tolerance and accumulation by Commelina communis 论文作者廖斌导师蓝崇钰束文圣学科专业环境科学研究领域\研究方向学位级别博士学位授予单位中山大学学位授予日期2003 论文页码总数128页关键词重金属污染植物修复超富集植物土壤污染铜污染鸭跖草馆藏号BSLW /2003 /X53 /12 论文以本实验室报道的生长于矿山上的铜超富集植物鸭跖草和生长于正常土壤中的鸭跖草为试验材料，分别运用溶液培养法、ICP-AES元素测定技术、差速离心法和化学试剂逐步提取法、抑制消减杂交技术、RAPD技术研究了矿山和非矿山两种生境鸭跖草对铜的耐性和吸收积累的差异，两种生境鸭跖草在铜胁迫下养分吸收和积累的差异，两种生境鸭跖草在铜胁迫下生理反应的差异，以及铜在鸭跖草细胞内的分布及结合形态研究，矿山鸭跖草差异表达的cDNA克隆，铜对鸭跖草种群遗传分化的影响，从这几个方面探讨了矿山鸭跖草对铜的耐性机理。

With the development of the Consuming Society, the integrating trend between the culture and economy has been strengthened day by day. if the second productivity generation of the capitalism industry revolution and the big industrial production were featured by the separation and the contradiction between the economic production and the culture, the third productivity generation of the Consuming Society, characterizes by the establishment of the new relationship between the culture and the economic :we have to pay attention of the economic function of culture and the interaction between the culture and the economy because of the economization of the culture and the culturization of the economy.

随着消费社会的不断发展，经济与文化一体化的趋势日益加强：如果说以资本主义产业革命及工业大生产为代表的第二代生产力是以经济生产与文化艺术的对立、分离为特征的话，消费社会中第三代生产力的重要特征便是文化与经济崭新关系的建立：&文化的经济化&和&经济的文化化&，以及由之产生的当代&文化经济一体化&潮流使我们必须重视文化的经济功能和经济的文化含量。

It has an dialectical expression of between accuracy and blur,between elligence and earthliness, between preciseness and vividness, between normativity and artistry.

而这些特点又是在确切与模糊、庄重文雅与平易通俗、繁复周密与简洁明快、规范质朴与艺术审美等对立统一体中辨证体现出来的。

Results The value of NAA and Cho/Cr was decreased obviously.The NAA value,between benign and malignant tumor and between intracerebral and extracerebral tumor,had significant effectiveness.But the Cho and Cr value and the peak ratio of metabolites had no significant effectiveness between benign and malignant tumor and between intracerebral and extracerebral tumor.

结果：几乎所有颅脑肿瘤的NAA峰均下降，Cho/Cr下降；良恶性肿瘤之间、脑内外肿瘤之间的NAA峰值的比较差异有显著性，但其Cho、Cr峰值的比较及各代谢产物的峰值比值的比较差异无显著性。

In the days of sailing vessels the crew were afraid they would be becalmed on the ocean.

在使用帆船的时代，船员们担心他们会因为无风而无法在海洋上航行。

As long as foreign donors pay the PA's salary bill, few expect a new intifada.

只要外国继续为巴权力机构的薪水买单，希望发动新暴动的人便寥寥无几。