查询词典 be observed

The results show that the flow stress decreases with increasing deforming temperature and increases with increasing strain rate. The flow stress of the alloy during hot compression deformation can be described by constitutive equation in hyperbolic sine function with a hot deformation activation energy of 196.27 kJ/mol. Partial recystallization takes place in the alloys deformed at a high temperature or at a low strain rate, and large number of dislocations and subgrains are observed in the alloy. The elongated grains observed in the samples coarsen with increasing temperature and decreasing strain rate. Correspondingly, the subgrain size increases and the dislocation density decreases. The main soften mechanism of the alloy transforms from dynamic recovery to dynamic recrystallization.

结果表明：Al-Cu-Mg-Ag耐热铝合金在热压缩变形中的流变应力随着温度的升高而减小，随着应变速率的增大而增大；该合金的热压缩变形流变应力行为可用双曲正弦形式的本构方程来描述，其变形激活能为196.27kJ/mol；在变形温度较高或应变速率较低的合金中发生部分再结晶，并且在合金组织中存在大量的位错和亚晶；随着温度的升高和应变速率的降低，合金中拉长的晶粒发生粗化，亚晶尺寸增大，位错密度减小，合金的主要软化机制逐步由动态回复转变为动态再结晶。

Forty-eight hours after transfection, cells were harvested to determine luciferase activity by illuminometer. In the presence of RU486 a 40-fold maximum activation of the luciferase reporter gene was observed in cultured cells, whereas in the absence of RU486, no significant activation was observed. There was a positive correlation between the luciferase activation and RU486 concentration in a definite range. The results showed that the RU486-inducible regulatory vector was successfully constructed, which can be used to regulate the expression level of genes of interest in appropriate time by the inducer RU486. This inducible expression vector provides a platform for the research of gene regulation and gene therapy.

加入诱导剂RU486后，可以诱导表达荧光素酶，并在一定范围内两者呈正比，最高可以实现荧光素酶的40余倍的表达，而没有RU486时，几乎没有报告基因的表达，表明RU486诱导调控载体构建成功，可实现对目的基因的表达时间和表达水平的精确调控，为进一步的基因调控研究和和基因治疗提供了良好的工具。

Experimentally, multi-pores are observed on leukocyte lysed with 3D electrodes and just single pore with planar electrodes. This is believed to be due to more uniform electric field of 3D electrodes than that of planar electrodes. Intracellular elements are extracted through the membrane as observed by increased intensity of Trypan blue when diluted by saline solution. We also demonstrate the lysing percentages at same flow velocity to explain the performance of 3D electrode is superior to that of planar electrode.

在实验方面，可发现细胞在3D 电极的形况下，是有多个破孔出现，有别於在平面电极的单个破洞，也发现当细胞出现破孔时，经由Trypan blue的辅助观察以及在食盐水稀释情况下，细胞内液是往外流出的，另外由裂解比率的结果，3D电极也是优於平面电极。

As other physiologic responses that are observed in healthy adults and associated with pain are also observed in anencephalic infants (5), further research into the physiology and the implications of these findings will have to be done.

这些结果与早期研究综合表明，对伤害性刺激的不良应激反应可能完全是皮层下的，然而，对疼痛鉴别的良好判断和情感性加重在局部可能为皮层水平。

After selective extraction, the cyst wall of two kind of resting cysts displayed a filament network. In the resting cysts of Tachysoma pellionella and Euplotes encysticus, the filament was located in mesocyst and endocyst respectively. On the other hand, a special filament scaffold region was observed below the cyst wall in two kind of cysts. Compared with the true IF which was located in central part of cyst, the filament of this region was net as well as uniform, and no any cytoplasm residue can be seen in this region. In the resting cyst of Euplotes encysticus, a filamental boundry which partitioned the special filament scaffold region and the true IF region was observed.

两类休眠包囊的包囊壁经生化分级抽提后均显示纤维结构，急纤虫休眠包囊中纤维定位于中间层，包囊游仆虫休眠包囊中纤维定位于内层壁；其次，在两类休眠包囊的包囊壁下，相当于细胞质表质层的位置，均有一个特殊的纤维网络区，与细胞质深层的网络区相比，此部分的纤维纯净、均匀，未见附着细胞器及细胞质残留物，在包囊游仆虫休眠包囊中此纤维网络区与真正的细胞质纤维网络之间由纤维构成的界膜隔开。

To test the hypothesis that the melanistic morph might be induced by the sea anemone, we transplanted individuals (n =2) of the melanistic morph to the Beaded sea anemone, Heteractis aurora, and no color change was observed in 22 days, and we also observed one individual of normal morph no color change on S.

在为期22天的野外移入实验中，黑色型的个体在串珠异辐海葵上并没有任何体色改变的倾向，且观察到在莫氏列指海葵上的一般型个体，在70天之中亦无体色改变的倾向。

Results After onset of reperfusion, the adhesion of platelet to endothelia was observed at veins of pial vessel. they distributed as tiny spots, 30～60 minutes after reperfusion, we observed the vacuole formation in endothelial cells of artery and thrombosis could be seen at the injurious area.

结果 再灌注后即刻，软脑膜细静脉内有白细胞和血小板粘附，呈星点状分布；再灌注(30～60)min，可观察到小动脉和细动脉内皮形成的空泡和血栓形成。

The first split of microspore mother cell is observed after one week after beginning of temperature arised under high temperature but the split of secondary sporogenous cell doesn't be found. The split of secondary sporogenous cell is still found after one week but the first split of microspore mother cell is observed after 12d under low temperature. Formating speed of male gametophyte is affected by temperature.

在高温条件下，开始加温1周后即看到小孢子母细胞进行第一次分裂，未观察到次生造孢细胞的分裂；在低温条件下，1周后仍能看到次生造孢细胞的分裂，12d后才看到小孢子母细胞进行第一次分裂。

The intensity ratio of TO and LO inMCT was observed to be different. Such difference was explained in terms of the different Ramangeometry arrangement.〓. The laser-induced micro-photoluminescence in the range of 1000～5000〓(1.34eV～1.83eV) was found for the first time in LPE MCT epilayer. The center of photoluminescence wasat 2750〓 or 1.62eV and the FWHM of luminescence was 2000〓 or 0.25eV. We assume thatthe photoluminescence is due to recombination of electron from an anion vacancy resonance levelto the top of valance. In addition, new Raman shift was observed at 750〓 in LPE MCTepitaxial film.〓. The laser-induced micro-photoluminescence with quasi-periodic structure was observed forthe first time at room temperature in one of MOVPE MCT epitaxial film samples. The range offluorescence was from 1.46eV to 2.21eV, i.e., 1.73eV above the conduction band edge.

2首次在LPE生长的碲镉汞外延薄膜的显微Raman谱中，在1000～5000〓范围发现了激光激发显微荧光，该荧光的发光范围换算为电子伏特标度为1.34eV～1.83eV，荧光的发光中心大约位于2750〓，即1.62eV，发光的半峰高宽约为2000〓或0.25eV；指出该显微荧光来源于碲镉汞薄膜中的阴性离子空位共振能级的激光激发发光；观察到了碲镉汞外延薄膜中一个新的Raman散射峰，位于750〓位置； 3首次在一块用MOVPE方法生长的〓Te外延薄膜的显微Raman谱中，发现了1.46eV至2.21eV范围并伴随有周期结构的显微荧光峰，该发光峰对应的能带中心位于〓Te材料导带底上方1.73eV，通过研究得出样品在1.46eV至2.21eV范围的显微荧光峰是由于改进 MOCVD 生长工艺，提高了碲镉汞外延薄膜的结构质量所致；通过分析指出该显微荧光来源于外延层中的阴性离子空位的共振能级发光。

According to the energy conservation theory, BOM and CSIM4 were coupled. The BOM has no treatment on transmission solar radiation, which is of great importance when the model is adapted to Arctic Ocean. So the treatment was introduced to BOM. Through numerical test on different lead albedos, it was found that sea ice thickness is not so sensitive to lead albedo, which may be contribute to the lead occupies little ratio within multiyear sea ice pack. The reason of summer over-melt of arctic sea ice is the NCEP reanalysis downward solar radiation being larger than its reality. Then the arctic sea ice climate variability was simulated. Results showed that: simulated ice thickness change is in accord with the submarine investigated mean sea-ice draft changes. Simulated annually maximum ice thickness along the Eurasian continental oceans are closely related to the observed ones. The long-term mean simulated ice motion has the same features of the SSM/I derived ice motion. Sea ice extents in differential sub-regions have same trends comparing to the satellite passive-microwave data derived ones. Simulated ice concentration is closely related to the observed in the Arctic sub-regions. Sea ice flux through the Fram Strait involves ice concentration, motion and thickness. It is a composite criterion for sea ice model evaluation. The simulated ice area and volume export through the strait accord with the satellite derived or statistically reconstructed ones.(5) The simulated ice thickness climate variability and mean sea surface current of the coupled model were analyzed, results showed: the total ice volume in the Arctic Ocean has a significant decreasing trend. The volume variability is of a 10-year timescale oscillation, with two major periods of 12-13a and 18-20a. Mean ice thickness in the arctic sub-seas has different tendencies. It has an increasing trend in the Barents-Kara Sea and Baffin Bay-Labrador Sea, and decreasing in the others. The characteristic time scale of 7-10a wherein the river discharges leads the Fram Strait ice volume export is about the period that river water takes to be conveyed across the Arctic Ocean.(6) Using the simulated ice distribution in the Arctic Ocean and China precipitation, air temperature and SST in tropical key regions, the climate teleconnection were studied. Result showed: When the mean sea ice thickness is large in the central Arctic Ocean and Chukchi-Beaufort Sea , and small in the Barents-Kara Sea and Baffin Bay-Labrador Sea , the precipitation in South China, Tibetan Plateau, and the north part of Northeastern China are always smaller than normal, and v. v. When the mean ice thickness is small in CA, BC, East Siberian Sea and Greenland-Iceland-Norwegian Sea , and large in BL, The air temperature in north-eastern China, the southern of Tibetan Plateau, and Hainan Island, are always lower than normal, and v. v. In addition, when the sea ice is thick in BC and BL, the SST is larger in the middle and eastern Pacific Ocean, and is smaller in the tropical Southeastern Indian Ocean.

由于BOM没有考虑透射太阳辐射的物理过程，研究表明透射太阳辐射对北冰洋的能量收支起到重要作用，因此在BOM模式中引入了对透射太阳辐射的处理；通过对不同水道反照率的数值试验表明海冰厚度对水道反照率的敏感性不强，可能与海冰区水道面积占的比率很小有关；而模式模拟的北极海冰夏季&过度融化&主要源于NCEP再分析资料提供了偏大的太阳短波辐射；对北极海冰的气候变率进行了模拟研究，结果表明：模拟的海冰厚度变化与潜艇探测的海冰吃深度变化具有一致性；模拟和观测的亚欧大陆沿海的年内最大海冰厚度有很好的相关；模拟的海冰移速与长期平均的卫星反演的海冰移速具有相同的速度分布特征；模拟的各个海区海冰面积的变化趋势与卫星反演资料分析的结果基本一致；模拟与观测的主要海洋分区的海冰密集度具有很好的相关：弗瑞姆海峡的海冰体积和面积的输送涉及到海冰密集度、厚度和移动速度，是判断模式模拟能力的一个综合的指标，模式模拟的结果与卫星反演或重建的面积输送、体积输送具有很好的一致性；(5)分析了模拟的北极海冰厚度的气候变率及气候平均表层海流场，结果表明：北极海冰的总体积有显著减少的趋势，北极海冰总体积的变化具有10a际尺度振荡的特点，存在18-20a和12-13a两个主周期；北极海冰的平均厚度在各个海区的变化趋势不同，在巴伦支—喀拉海和巴芬湾—拉布拉多海地区海冰厚度有显著的增加趋势，而其它海区存在减少的趋势；通过对模拟的气候平均表层海流的分析表明，北极河流流量超前弗瑞姆海峡海冰流量7-10年的特征时间尺度与表层海流的气候分布存在着必然联系：(6)利用模拟结果以及中国降水、气温和热带关键区SST资料，讨论了北极各海区海冰平均厚度与中国降水、气温以及热带关键区SST的关系，结果表明：在北极中心海区和楚科奇—波弗特海海冰厚度偏大，在巴伦支—喀拉海以及巴芬湾—拉布拉多海海冰厚度偏小，则中国降水在华南地区、青藏高原和东北北部降水偏少，反之相反；在北极中心海区、东西伯利亚海、楚科奇—波弗特海以及格陵兰海海冰厚度偏小，在巴芬湾—拉布拉多海海冰厚度偏大，则在中国东北地区、高原南部地区和海南岛附近气温偏低，反之相反；另外，北极楚科奇—波弗特海和巴芬湾—拉布拉多海海冰厚度偏大时，在热带中东太平洋海温偏高，而在热带东南印度洋海温偏低。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！