查询词典 be independent of

The Frechet derivative of the cost function is determined via the solution of an adjoint partial differential equation, and the boundary shape is then modified in a direction of descent. This process is repeated until an optimum solution is approached. The advantage is that the cost function variation is independent of the flow field variation, with the result that the gradient of cost function with respect to arbitrary number of design variables can be determined without the need for additional flow-field evaluations. So each design cycle requires the numerical solution of both the flow and the adjoint equations leading to a computational cost roughly equal to the cost of two flow solutions.

虽然他们的研究成果大多数都可以在公开性文献上看到，但是其中一些具体的细节问题的处理方法却没有透露，比如：伴随方程如何离散求解才能减小最终梯度计算中的误差，使得设计过程有效地进行；伴随方程与流动方程的边界条件是不同的，如何合理地处理伴随方程的边界条件，才能推动设计过程朝着设计目标而发展；在减阻问题中目标函数如何定义，求解梯度的具体数学公式如何推导，如何通过数值方法来实现它们等。

From the detailed simulation results and analysis,for the emulational frame based on minimum zone set,the route discovery mechanism of DSR is independent of nodes mobility,every once,the source node acquires a route to a target node which its relative position is alterant,the routing time is steady but not be effected by nodes mobility,the conclusions are obvious helpful for reducing route tip and increasing routing efficiency.

通过对选取总路由流量，路由平均跳数、平均路由发现时间的实验数据分析发现，对于基于最小区域集的仿真框架，DSR的路由发现机制并不受节点移动性的影响，每次源节点获得一条到达相对位置已改变目的节点的新的路由的时间并不受节点的移动性影响而趋于稳定，可明显减少路由跳数，增加路由计算效率。

These VPN operations independent of the other network protocol, the data flow inside the tunnel can be IP, IPX, AppleTalk or other types of data packets.

这样 VPN 的操作独立于其他的网络协议，隧道内的数据流可以是 IP 、 IPX 、 AppleTalk 或其他类型的数据包。

Since human free will, on the Arminian understanding, is independent of God's plan, it cannot be a divine revelation, the image of God.

按照亚米念主义的看法，由於人的自由意志独立於上帝的计划之外，那麼人性就不可能是上帝的启示、上帝的形象。

The unsaturated and compacted soil triaxial test result under constant suction describes the unsaturated soil critical state surface in p-q-s three dimensional space: in p - q plane, the slope M of critical state line is independent of suction; the cross line of LC yield surface and critical state surface is a curve with extremum in three dimensional stress space, and its projection in p-s plane is located in quadrant 1 in triaxial compression state; its projection in q-s plane has asymptote, and there should also be asymptote in respect of the curve that stands for the function relationship between cohesive and suction.

基于局部变形测量的常吸力非饱和压实土三轴剪切试验结果，全面描述了非饱和土p—g—s三维应力空间中临界状态面的合理形态：在p—q平面，临界状态线斜率M是与吸力无关的物理量；临界状态面与LC屈服面交线在三维应力空间中是一条存在极值的曲线；该交线在p—s平面的投影曲线在三轴压缩应力状态下应位于第一象限；该交线在q—s平面的投影曲线应存在渐近线；反映凝聚力与吸力关系的函数曲线也应存在渐近线。

The least paedomorphic behavior pattern may be that of the basenji , bred in Africa to hunt alongside humans almost on a peer basis; this breed is often described as highly independent, neither needing nor appreciating a great deal of human attention or nurturing, often described as "catlike" in its behavior.

证明狗是从狼快速进化的一个例证是狗是性早熟或幼态持续的。跟大多物种一样，如小狼比起成年狼更偏向群居和比较少的具有支配力；因此，当进行优选时，不管是有意或无意的，最终的结果看来似乎是把这种幼体的特性带入了成年种群中，而非产生一个复杂的独立新行为。对包括人类自身的许多驯养动物皆是如此，人类很多特征与幼倭黑猩猩类似。这种幼态持续选择的结构自然是导致了幼体生理特征的保留。

My ideas of my future family is that I want to be independent and make lot of money.

我理想中的家庭是独立的，并且可以赚很多钱。

As a result of that you get what can be detected independent of the operating system.

因为你什么都可以得到独立的操作系统。

Training the students to be independent language learners is one of the aims of college English teaching.

培养学习者的自主学习能力是大学英语的教学目标之一，自主学习的真正实现受到诸多因素的影响。

It should be noted that while God (as eternal, abstract, essential self - identity) is independent of any particular state of affairs in the world, he (even as abstract self - identity) still requires that a world exist.

应该指出的是，虽然上帝（作为永恒的，抽象的，必要的自我-身份）是独立于任何特定国家的事务，在世界上，他（即使是作为抽象的自我-身份），仍然需要一个世界存在。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。