查询词典 be full of cracks

Based on the fundamental principles of the improved method mentioned above, multi-functional computation software package, which can be used to analyze effectively the interference effects of random flaws in plane problem, boundary problem and space problem, is compiled and a number of problems involved in the interference effects of different kinds of flaws such as random equal length through-cracks, random branched throughcracks, random unequal length through-cracks, random holes to through-cracks, unequal length edge cracks, equal length and distance multiple edge cracks, random notches with different aspect ratio, random notch to edge crack, non-coplanar surface cracks with different aspect ratio, staggered surface cracks, surface crack to embedded crack and embedded cracks near free boundary are analyzed and computed by the package.

依据上述改进法的基本原理，本文编制了能有效地分析平面问题，边界问题及空间问题的任意缺陷群相互干涉效应的多功能计算软件包。据此，本文分析计算了各类缺陷群。诸如，任意等长裂纹群。任意折裂纹群；任意不等长裂纹群，任意孔与裂纹群，不等长边裂纹群。等长等间距多裂纹群，任意形状比缺口群，任意缺口与边裂纹，非共面不同形状比表面裂纹群，交错型表面裂纹群，表面裂纹与埋藏裂纹群及自由边界附近埋藏裂纹群等的相互干涉效应问题。

Calculations on the basis of the self-consistent approximation are used to study the effects of slit cracks, elliptical cracks and penny-shaped cracks. The influence of slit cracks on the elastic moduli under all kinds of loading conditions is discussed by Betti's reciprocal theorem and Irwin's relation describing the released energy rate of fracture to the stress intensity factors. The friction between the cracks' surfaces is taken into account for the closed cracks.

采用自恰方法研究了狭长型，椭圆型及硬币型裂纹在荷载作用下对弹性常数的影响；采用Betti的互易定理以及lrwin关于断裂能量释放率与应力强度因子的关系，分析了狭长型裂纹在各种应力状态下对弹性常数的影响；分析研究了裂纹闭合时，由于裂纹面上摩擦力的存在，闭合裂纹时弹性常数的影响。

Through block wall experimental study we can find out that cracks would appear late and the load of crack-resisting and limit-resisting are increased obviously by the constructional measures in the wall. It is very effective method that the splayed cracks are controlled by sill ring beam, the horizontal bending cracks are controlled by structural column on the side of the wall and the horizontal cracks on the top of the wall are controlled by the whole ring beam. It is the most effective method that wall cracks are controlled by structural column, crout column and sill ring beam.

通过试验主要得到在墙体中采取构造措施后，墙体裂缝推迟出现，开裂荷载和极限荷载都有很大程度的提高，同时发现窗台圈梁在控制窗角的八字缝、墙体两侧构造柱对于防止水平弯曲缝以及全截面的圈梁在防止墙体和圈梁交界处的裂缝的出现能起到很好的效果，通过试验确定在砌块墙体中采取&构造柱+芯柱+窗台圈梁&的构造措施来控制裂缝是最为经济合理有效的。

The results of the tests indicate that the spots where the fatigue short cracks initiated are at the bottom surface of the circle indention and some disfigurement places in that surface. The propagation paths of the cracks are very complex and the decentralization of the obtained data is very severe due to the micro organism of the material. While the distribution of the short fatigue cracks exist self-regularity on their length, angle, density and expansion rate of the cracks, which are less affected by the outer factors.

试验中观察到短裂纹形状多为Z型，试验结果表明疲劳短裂纹往往萌生于试样缺口底部表面和缺口表面缺陷处，其扩展复杂，路径曲折，数据分散性大，强烈地受材料微观组织的影响，疲劳短裂纹在长度、角度、密度和扩展速率方面虽数据分散但具有自身的规律，受外部因素的影响较小。

In the case of granite, observation results indicate that the extending routes of active cracks are mainly intercrystalline, transcrystalline, inter-transcrystalline, and intracrystalline. When the strain rate is low, the long intercrystalline cracks are prevailing, and with increasing of the strain rate, the short transcrystalline and intracrystalline cracks gradually increase. The statistic results show that the active crack density increases with increasing of the strain rate, and the mean length of active cracks diminishes with increasing of the strain rate, that is, the induced damage in comminuted product increases with increasing of the strain rate. For the first time this dissertation integrates macroscopic results of comminution with active crack growth under impact loading. It elucidates why the dynamic comminution strength of mineral beds increases with increasing of the strain rate through the active crack extending, and analyzes the influence of structure and constitution of minerals on their damage under impact stress. It is authenticated that both the size distribution and the damage population of comminuted product can be characterized by the fractal.

为分析料层颗粒在冲击下的细观损伤效果，采用德国生产的ASM68K半自动图象分析仪对粉碎生成物中的损伤情形进行了观测，以花岗岩为例，观测结果表明花岗岩颗粒在冲击应力下的活化裂纹扩展路径主要表现为沿晶、穿晶、沿穿晶和晶内等形式，在低应变速率下，活化裂纹以沿晶裂纹较多，随着应变速率的提高，其它裂纹形式大量繁衍，统计结果表明活化裂纹密度随着应变速率的增大而增大，活化裂纹的平均长度随着应变速率的增大而减小，综合表现为颗粒的细观损伤程度随着应变速率的增大而增大；首次将应力作用下的活化裂纹演化特征与粉碎的宏观效果相联系，并就料层动态粉碎强度随应变速率增大而提高的现象从裂纹演化特征的角度进行了解释；分析了矿岩构造结构特性对损伤产生和分布的影响。

But quite amount of cracks are found during the construction and operation in the PC box girder bridges, especially cracks in the anchorage zone and the inclined cracks in the box girder webs of the bridges, and some longitudinal cracks appear indeed in the deadweight phases,Moreover the variant Pre-stressed strand arrangements produce great influence for the inner inforce of the b

但目前在用预应力混凝土箱形梁的施工和运营过程中出现相当数量裂缝病害，尤其是箱梁锚固区裂缝、腹板斜裂缝，顶板纵向裂缝，有的甚至在未承受活载的自重阶段就出现裂缝，而不同的预应力布束方式对箱梁内力有很大的影响。

Based on the alterative information of vibration mode and natural frequency in the presence of cracks, the thesis focus on the study of diagnosis index of cracks for plate and intelligent diagnosis of cracks using BP neural network.

本文主要依据板有无裂纹的振型和固有频率的变化信息，研究适于板的裂纹诊断指标，在此基础上，采用BP神经网络开展板的裂纹的智能诊断研究。

By fitting of experimental data of concrete beams with 2-D composite cracks based on the fictitious crack model, mathematical expressions for parameters α and β in the 2-D composite inteneration equations for Ⅰ-Ⅱ,Ⅰ-Ⅲ, and Ⅱ-Ⅲ composite cracks are obtained, and based on the expressions, 2-D composite inteneration curves under different proportions of two stress intensity factors, that is under different weights, at the ends of 2-D composite cracks can be directly derived.

作者中文名：邵勇；王向东摘要：基于虚拟裂缝模型，通过对混凝土二维复合型裂缝梁试验数据的拟合，得到了ⅠⅡ，ⅠⅢ，ⅡⅢ3种二维复合型软化方程中参数α，β的数学表达式。据此表达式可直接求得二维复合型缝端2个应力强度因子之任意比值下混凝土二维复合型的软化曲线。

The essay analyzes shuttle cracks produced in the middle of the reinforced concrete beam, and deals with a few aspects of common shapelessness, it also discusses the main reason why the shuttle cracks appear and offers what should be paid attention to in designing and carrying, and some general managing methods after the cracks come.

对现浇混凝土大梁腰部出现的梭形裂缝进行了分析，并从常见变形的几方面进行了论述。讨论了形成梭形裂缝的主要原因，提出了设计施工中应注意的问题及出现裂缝后的一般处理方法

On the basis of analyzing the causes of transversal cracks,longitudinal cracks and irregular cracks,the relevant treatment measures are proposed,which can be consulted by peers.

在分析路面产生横裂、纵裂和不规则裂缝的原因的基础上，提出相应的处治措施，可供同行参考。

"Yes, now you can give yourself airs," she said, you have got what you wanted.

"对了，您现在高兴了，"她说道，这是您所期待的。

Then the LORD said to me: Rebel Israel is inwardly more just than traitorous Judah.

上主于是对我说：＂失节的以色列比失信的犹大，更显得正义。