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This paper also establishes two basic or extreme forms and a medium structural form of the supply chain by reviewing the relative literatures. It is pointed out that the complete integrated supply chain, one of the two basic forms, is noneffective, while the potential efficiency of the complete competing market or network, the another one of the two basic forms, is usually unavailable.

接着，本文确立了供应链结构的两种基本范式和中间范式，并指出，作为基本范式之一的完全一体化的供应链是无效的，而另一个基本范式—完全竞争的市场和网络范式的有效性一般不易获得，只有介于两种基本范式之间的半一体化的供应链其效率水平是可以接受的，从而也是最常见的。

Main contents of the second chapter "art words methods" are introduction of art words, basic writing skills and originality design of chinese and western characters, etc. Main contents of the third chapter "basic components of plane" are spot, strokes and spaces, etc. Main contents of the fourth chapter "format and rules of plane" are symmetry and balance, repitition and group tendency, rhythm and cadence, comparision and change, consonance and unification, breakthrough and variance, etc. Main contents of the fifth chapter "basic design of space of a whole page" are gridding system, visual process of space design, word editing, graph space design, etc. Main contents of the sixth chapter "color planning" are color introduction, surface color system, color and visual psychology, color planning, etc. Main contents of the seventh chapter "plane advertisment design" are newspaper and magazine advertisment design, outdoor and POP advertisment design, etc.

第二章"美术字技法"的主要内容有美术字概说、中外文字体的基本写法、中/外文字体的创意设计等；第三章"平面构成的基本要素"的主要内容有造型基本要素如点、线、面等；第四章"平面构成的形式法则"的主要内容有对称与平衡、重复与群化、节奏与韵律、对比与变化、调和与统一、破规与变异等；第五章"基础版面设计"的主要内容有网格系统、版面设计的视觉流程、文字编排、图形的版面设计等；第六章"色彩计划"的主要内容有色彩概论、表色体系、色彩与视觉心理、色彩设计等；第七章"平面广告设计"的主要内容有报刊广告设计、户外广告设计、 POP 广告设计等。

Prevalences of the 3 basic patterns wre palmar prehension (68.5%), lateral prehension (14.2%), and dynamic palmar prehension (17.3%). There was a statistically siginificant diference in manipulation speed among the 3 basic patterns. The influence of sex and age on manipulation speed was also analyzed for each of the 3 basic chopstick-use patterns.

此三种基本拿筷姿势与盛行率分别为指捏型(68.5%)，侧捏型(14.2%)及动式指捏型(17.3%)，且三种基本的拿筷姿势在功能表现上有统计学上显著的差异性(P 。001)，此外我们还分析此三种基本拿筷姿势其操作速度受年龄与性别影响的情形。

Thereby,he found a correctpath of the solution to the principal contradictions,i.e.through establishment andimplementation of the basic line of"one center and two basic points",under thepremise of adherence to the basic socialist system,we should reform fundamentallyvarious specific systems such as highly-concentrated stiff economy and politics.

在新的历史时期，邓小平总结国内外在社会主义社会主要矛盾问题上的经验教训，把马克思主义的基本原理同我国的具体实际和时代特征相结合，通过对社会基本矛盾的分析和研究，确立了人民日益增长的物质文化需要与落后的社会生产之间的矛盾是我国社会主要矛盾的思想，并由此找到了解决主要矛盾的正确途径，即通过制定和实施党的"一个中心、两个基本点"的基本路线，在坚持社会主义基本制度的前提下，从根本上改革高度集中僵化的经济、政治等各种具体体制。

On the basis of that, one of the important contents of this article is to study the basic principle of criminal law in eye of comparison, meaning detecting all characteristics of criminal law principle by comparison of the basic principle of criminal law to that of constitution and that of civil law, and further checking the old and newly-coming concept of basic principle of criminal law, trying to prepare checking methods for the possibly

以此为阶，本文的一个重要内容即是以比较的眼光对刑法基本原则进行研究，即从刑法基本原则与宪法基本原则以及刑法基本原则与民法基本原则的对比分析中找出刑法基本原则的各方面特性，以此进一步检验已有的及新近的提法，并力求对以后刑法基本原则可能出现的提法准备辨认手段。

On the basis of that, one of the importantcontents of this article is to study the basic principle of criminallaw in eye of comparison, meaning detecting all characteristics ofcriminal law principle by comparison of the basic principle of criminallaw to that of constitution and that of civil law, and further checkingthe old and newly-coming concept of basic principle of criminal law,trying to prepare checking methods for the possibly coming concept ofbasic principle of criminal law in future.

以此为阶，本文的一个重要内容即是以比较的眼光对刑法基本原则进行研究，即从刑法基本原则与宪法基本原则以及刑法基本原则与民法基本原则的对比分析中找出刑法基本原则的各方面特性，以此进一步检验已有的及新近的提法，并力求对以后刑法基本原则可能出现的提法准备辨认手段。

This dissertation involves the study of the growth dynamics of colloidal particles under unequilibrium and irreversibility condition. Firstly, it is of interest to investigate whether the ideal diffusion or reaction-limited aggregation universal behavior can be observed for the initially polydisperse practical system of basic yttrium carbonate as well. The fractal structure of basic yttrium carbonate aggregate cluster was observed using transmission eletron microscopy. The aggregation kinetics of basic yttrium carbonate colloids was studed using dynamic 1ight-scattering techniques. At 1.00mol/l NaCl solution the fast diffusion-limited aggregation behavior was observed with an increase in the aggregate size over time described by a power law. The aggregates are characterized by a fractal dimension D=1.82. The disordered and ramified cluster is consisted of primary colloidal particles and tenuous and more open. These are in good agreement with those observed for other colloidal system such as colloidal gold (1.86), silica (1.85) and polystyrene latex (1.82) in diffusion-limited aggregation from the static and dynamic light scattering by Lin. Therefore ideal diffusion-limited aggregation behavior can be observed in practical polydisperse system as well. Smoluchwski and fractal theories were used to obtain the aggregation rate constant for initially polydisperse system for the first time.

本论文研究胶粒的非平衡不可逆聚集动态学，分为两个部分，第一部分是通过实验研究一个新的初始多分散的碱式碳酸钇胶粒实际体系中，聚集标度性质的普适性，即使用透射电子显微技术观测聚集粒子簇的分形结构，使用动态激光光散射研究碱式碳酸钇胶粒的聚集动力学，胶粒带电而产生静电排斥作用使得碱式碳酸钇胶粒处于稳定状态，当加入电解质NaCl溶液时，碱式碳酸钇胶粒间的Debye-Hückel屏蔽距离缩短，从而降低静电排斥能垒，引起胶粒发生不可逆聚集，加入电解质NaCl的浓度为1.00mol/l时，碱式碳酸钇胶粒进行快速聚集，经历扩散控制聚集机理，形成结构疏松、更为开放的分形聚集粒子簇，其分形维数为1.82，碱式碳酸钇胶粒聚集增长动力学遵循幂函数增长规律，与Lin等使用静态激光光散射和动态激光光散射测量硅胶(1.85)、金胶(1.86)和聚苯乙烯胶乳(1.82)在扩散控制聚集状态形成聚集粒子簇的分形维数值以及粒子簇聚集增长的动力学规律相一致，表明胶粒聚集标度性质的普适性质在初始多分散的实际体系中也是存在的，首次由动态激光光散射的实验数据得到初始多分散胶粒分形粒子簇的聚集速率常数，并且其值与Smoluchowski聚集速率理论预期相符。

A basic knowledge of microbiology, will be detected with a microscope observation of micro-organisms, medium Preparation, disinfection and sterilization, separation and purification of micro-organisms, bacteria counting method A chemical analysis of the theoretical knowledge and can use chemical analysis methods and equipment of the components of material analysis Master fermentation process principles, understanding of beer, liquor, fermentation production technology Master protein related knowledge, PAGE gel electrophoresis technology, high-speed centrifugal Genetic engineering master the basic theory of knowledge, the extraction and purification of genes, PCR principle, gene recombination technology Master of the basic theoretical knowledge, the immobilized enzyme, the enzyme preparation Application Master of animal and plant tissue culture techniques of experimental steps studied experimental apparatus: Balance (scales, electronic scales, Analytical Balance), or acidity, spectrophotometer, liquid gas chromatography, acid-base titration apparatus, microscopes, centrifuges, ultrasonic cleaning, constant temperature oscillation incubator, super-clean table, steam sterilization pot, the pot constant temperature water bath, PAGE device apparatus, oven, fermenter, such as PCR instrument.

具备微生物理论基础知识，会用显微镜检测观察微生物，培养基的制备、消毒与灭菌，分离与纯化微生物，细菌的计数法具备分析化学的理论知识，能运用化学分析和仪器分析方法对物质的组分进行分析掌握发酵工艺原理，了解啤酒、白酒、发酵生产工艺掌握蛋白质相关知识，PAGE凝胶电泳技术，高速离心掌握基因工程的基本理论知识，基因的提取和纯化，PCR技术原理，基因重组技术掌握酶的基本理论知识，酶的固定化方法，酶制剂的应用掌握动植物组织培养技术的实验步骤学过的实验仪器：天平（台天平，电子天平，分析天平）、酸度计、分光光度计、液气相色谱仪，酸碱滴定仪器，显微镜，离心机，超声波清洗器、恒温振荡培养箱、超净工作台，蒸气灭菌锅、恒温水浴锅，PAGE电泳装置仪器、干燥箱、发酵罐、PCR扩增仪等。

In this paper, beginning with the basic equations of hydrodynamics, turbine and governing system, the author deduced the basic equations of transient process caused by small fluctuation in the inclined ceiling tailrace, then analyzed and calculated the basic equations.

从水力学、水轮机、调速器的基本方程出发，推导了变顶高尾水系统小波动过渡过程的基本方程，并对其进行分析与求解。

The results of the dissertation were concluded as follows:(1) It is essential to deposit a basic additive on the Mo-based catalysts for the synthesis of CH_3SH. The potassium-doped Mo-based catalysts exhibit the highest activity than that of the catalysts doped with the otherⅠA andⅡA group basic promoters. H_2-TPR and LRS characterizations suggest that the addition of a base leads to the transformation of octahedrally coordinated Mo to tetrahedrally coordinated Mo, thus leads to the split of low temperature reduction peaks. The interaction between the basic components and Mo lead to the formation of B-Mo interface phase, which are closely correlated with the formation of CH_3SH.(2) It has been found that Fe, Co, Ni and Te have evident promoting effects for the K-Mo/SiO_2 catalysts.

主要结果归纳如下：(1)在Mo基催化剂中，必须添加碱才具有可观的合成甲硫醇活性，在IA和IIA族元素中，K是最佳的碱促进剂，当K/Mo摩尔比为2，前驱体为K_2CO_3，采用共浸法制备的K-Mo催化剂活性最高。H_2-TPR和LRS表征显示，碱的加入导致表面八面体钼氧物种向四面体转化，催化剂的低温还原峰发生分裂，碱助剂与钼之间存在强相互作用形成了B-Mo"界面相"，该物种与合成甲硫醇密切相关。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。