查询词典 based

The research of this paper is began with the analysis the geographic spatial character of the UPTN, and designs the UPTN data mode based on GIS. Then, based on the good exhibiting all kinds of topology of the UPTN, and combined with the technology evaluation standards of the UPTN, this paper builds the UPTN planning mathematic model, and puts forward the quantitative calculation of the UPTN evaluation standards based on GIS; brings forward the arithmetic of the optimal path of the UPTN based on the public traffic network storage structure; designs the bus lines grouping management model, and realizes the contradistinctive evaluation of the UPTN planning projects based on GIS.

论文研究的重点内容是从分析城市公交网络中地理空间实体的特征开始，设计基于GIS的城市公交网络数据模型，在有效表现公交网络拓扑关系的基础上，根据公交线网技术评价指标，建立基于GIS的公交线网规划的数学模型，并给出公交线网评价指标的GIS量化计算方法；提出以公交线网数据存储结构为基础的公交网络最优路径算法；设计公交线路分组管理模型，实现公交线网规划方案对比分析。

The main research contents and results are given as follows:(1) Principles and characteristics of different types of polarization controllers are analyzed, the compare of the difference of these polarization controllers are discussed based on them, drawn a conclusion that the polarization controller which based on squeezing fiber and has variable delay quantity are suitable for high speed optical communication system.(2) The reset principle of the typical four channel polarization controller which is based on squeezing fiber is analyzed, and the design of its concrete reset scheme is given based on them. The reset process and the corresponding operation list are given in detail.(3) The systematical experiment is made when the typical four channel polarization controller is put into the PMD compensator. The experiment result showed that the channel which needs reset can efficiently return to the mean place, and the effect of reset was good, it didn't cause any badness infection on PMD compensation.(4) A new type optical signal time-domain depolarizer is given, and a new PMD compensate method is given based on it.

由此得出延迟量可变型光纤挤压型偏振控制器适用于高速光通信系统的结论；(2)具体分析了典型的四通道光纤挤压型偏振控制器的复位原理，并在此基础上对其进行了具体复位方案的设计，给出了各种情况下的详细复位流程和相应的复位操作列表；(3)将四通道光纤挤压型偏振控制器应用于偏振模色散补偿器中进行系统实验，实验结果表明，需要复位的通道能有效地回到中间值，复位效果良好，且复位未对PMD补偿产生不良影响；(4)设计了一种新型的光信号时域退偏器，并基于该退偏器提出了一种新型的偏振模色散补偿方法。

Due to its good effect in the reservation of information of signal abrupt change, mathematical morphology is often applied in the detection and location of short-term power quality disturbance, however, there is still a defect of invalid detection existing in partial detection methods based on mathematical morphology while some zero-crossing disturbances are detected. In this paper three mathematical morphology based disturbance detection and location methods, i.e., the method based on first-order derivation and morphological gradient, the method based on morphological gradient and soft threshold processing and the method based on dq decomposition and top-hat transform, are analyzed, that is, by means of simulation the adaptability of these methods in the analysis on the signals of voltage sag, voltage swell and electromagnetic transient oscillation is compared.

数学形态学因其在保留信号突变点信息方面有很好的效果，因此常用于短时电能质量扰动的检测和定位，但基于数学形态学的部分方法仍存在对某些过零点扰动检测失效的缺点，文章分析了3种基于数学形态学的扰动检测和定位方法，即基于1阶求导和形态梯度的方法、基于形态梯度和软阈值处理的方法、基于dq分解和高帽变换的方法，通过仿真比较了3种方法在分析电压暂降、电压暂升、电磁暂态振荡等信号方面的适应性，结果发现基于dq分解和高帽变换的方法在检测过零点扰动时具有很好的效果，因此选取这种方法对实测扰动数据进行了检测和定位分析。

Based on the designing task, the paper gives a comparative analysis of current fault diagnosing methods such as reasoning-based, model-based, artificial neuron-based and case-based, The paper presents an intelligent diagnosing system composed of expert system and virtual apparatus where virtual apparatus is used as man-machine conversation interface to collect data and call expert-system and expert-system is the core for diagnosis analysis, elementally projecting the diagnosis system.

根据设计任务的要求，对现有的故障诊断方法：基于推理的方法、基于模型的方法、基于人工神经网络的方法、基于案例的方法等方法进行了对比分析，提出了以虚拟仪器作为人机对话界面及接收采集数据部分，专家系统作为诊断分析部分的核心，虚拟仪器调用专家系统进行分析的智能故障诊断系统，即专家系统加虚拟仪器的诊断系统。

In this paper, the theory, algorithm, and experiment of automatic object detection and tracking are studied in depth. It is firstly pointed out that the essential of Mean Shift method is a special Newton-Gaussian method. A new method named Fast Mean Shift is established to stretch the conservative step of Mean Shift method. The convergence and validity of this new method are proved in theory. And it is also proved that the convergence speed of Fast Mean Shift is faster than that of Mean Shift. The contrast experiments of searching the maximum possibility density of random of data sets in plane and 3D space are done. The results show that this new method can reduce the iterations greatly. A new object tracking method based on Fast Mean Shift is built to improve the object tracking performance, which is shown in the face tracking experiment with the tennis sequence provided by the Ohio State University, and the car tracking experiment with the car sequence provided by Kalsruhe University. The face trcking experiment with highly noised images show that the object tracking method based on Fast Mean Shift has strong anti-jamming ability. A new fast color object detection technology based on characteristic color is established, which use characteristic color distribution to compute the characteristic color vector of any area in an image quickly. With the high performance search method, the fast object detection is achieved. At last, using object tracker based on Fast Mean Shift and color object detector based on characteristic color with the Kalman filter, PID controller, searial communication and other technologies, automatic object detection and tracking system with control system is built. The availability and anti-jamming ability of this system are verified by some object detection and tracking tests in different scenes.

本文对目标自动识别与跟踪进行了理论、计算、试验三方面的深入研究，主要包括：首次指出了目标跟踪技术中常用的均值迁移方法的本质为一种特殊的高斯-牛顿方法，改进了均值迁移方法步长取值保守的弱点，建立了快速均值迁移方法，证明了该方法的收敛性、有效性以及收敛速度优于均值迁移方法；进行了平面和3维随机分布数据集的最大概率密度搜索对比试验，试验结果表明，快速均值迁移方法大大减少了迭代次数；建立了基于快速均值迁移的目标跟踪方法，利用俄亥俄州立大学提供的乒乓球序列图像和卡斯鲁厄大学的汽车序列图像，对人脸和汽车目标跟踪性能分别进行了对比试验，并进行了高噪声人脸图像目标跟踪试验，结果表明，基于快速均值迁移的目标跟踪方法有效提高了目标跟踪性能，具有很强的抗干扰能力；建立了一种新型彩色目标自动识别方法，采用特征色彩分布函数实现了对任意图像区域特征色彩矢量的快速计算，建立了高效的搜索方法，实现了彩色目标的快速识别；将基于快速均值迁移方法的目标跟踪方法、基于特征色彩的目标识别方法与卡尔曼滤波、PID控制、串行通讯等技术结合，建立了带有控制系统的快速目标自动识别与跟踪系统，并在不同场景下进行了目标自动识别与跟踪试验，验证了快速目标自动识别与跟踪系统的有效性和抗干扰能力。

The traditional query tree optimization methods,parallel database optimization methods based on left linear trees and right linear trees,bushy trees,and operation of the forest,have their own pros and cons,they have been more in-depth and maturity of the study.The query optimization method based on multiple weighted tree has studied its model of parallel query plan,its complexity model of parallel query plan and query optimization algorithms.The semantic query method transforms an inquiry into one or several semantic equivalence inquiries then has to find and implement a strategy to achieve a better query.Agent-based parallel database query optimization using Multi-Agent technology to automatically search the integrity constraint conditions which are related to the determined query,there for,the efficiency between several relations' joins has been greatly improved.The parallel optimization algorithm,based on genetic algorithm which is suitable for multi-joins of cluster environment,has deeply studied the relations storage options,multi-joins query optimization and query processing and other key technologies based on cluster parallel database.

传统的查询树优化方法，即基于左线性树、右线性树、浓密树、操作森林的并行数据库查询优化方法，各有优劣，对其的研究比较深入、成熟；基于多重加权树的查询优化方法，研究了其并行查询计划模型、并行查询计划的复杂性模型和查询优化算法；语义查询优化方法将一个查询变换成一个或数个语义等价的查询，进而寻找并执行这些等价查询中具有较好实现策略的一个；基于Agent的并行数据库查询优化采用Multi-Agent技术自动查找与给定查询有关的完整性约束条件，使得多个关系间连接操作的效率得到很大的提高；基于遗传算法的并行优化算法，深入研究了基于机群并行数据库中关系存储的选择、多连接查询优化和查询处理等关键技术。

A new scheme of target discrimination in SAR images, consisted of frames, models and algorithms, is proposed. Under such a scheme, a global frame, combining orderly the algorithm based on feature extraction and that based on knowledge, is then proposed. Moreover, in the method of target discrimination based on feature extraction, a "loose-coupling" model is given. The existing features are chosen and three new features about the contrast are given under the "loose-coupling". Meanwhile, an algorithm of feature selection based on Genetic Algorithm is also modified to solve the problem that the existing algorithm can not evaluate the goodness-of-features comprehensively. The weighted quadratic distance discriminator is designed to improve the performance of target discrimination. Finally, a method based on the knowledge of target groups to remove clutter false alarms is also given.

提出了一种目标鉴别的新方案，该方案包括目标鉴别的框架、模型以及算法；提出了基于特征选取鉴别和基于编队提取鉴别"序贯"连接相结合的目标鉴别框架；在基于特征选取进行目标鉴别的方法中，提出了目标鉴别的"松耦合"模型；提出了"松耦合"模型下目标鉴别的特征提取方法，包括已有特征的筛选和3个新的对比度特征的提出；改进了一种基于GA的特征选择方法，克服了已有方法对特征优劣评价不全面的问题；设计了加权二次距离鉴别器，提高了鉴别的性能；研究了基于目标编队知识进行进一步杂波虚警剔除的方法。

Probes into the strategies of integration teaching about DGS and geometry teaching Based on the practical analysis of integration teaching from the experiment, integration strategies on DGS and geometry teaching are advanced as follows: strategies of accuracy-based figure-to-data transformation; strategies of abundance-based generalization; strategies of dynamic-based test-driving; strategies of scene-based pre-generation; strategies of dynamic variability-based extending.

3DGS技术与初中几何教学整合的策略探究根据对微型整合教学实验的具体分析，本研究归纳和梳理了有关DGS技术与初中几何教学整合的主要策略：基于精确性的形数转化策略；基于丰富性的概括抽象策略；基于形象性的证明驱动策略；基于情景性的预设生成策略；基于动态性的拓展延伸策略。

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Laser-based metrology and grating-based metrology are two main ultra-precision tools of dimension measurement. However, very few research work has been done on grating-based nanometrology compared with laser-based nanometrology till now because many people, including some grating researchers and specialists, hold the idea that the accuracy of grating-based measurement is lower than the laser's and can only reach micrometre or sub-micrometre level. They consider that it is unfeasible to get nanometer-scale accuracy using grating-based sensors.

激光技术和光栅技术是毫米级以上量程的精密几何量测量的两种最主要手段，目前，用激光进行纳米测量的研究已经很多，但光栅纳米测量技术的研究却很少；很多人，包括很多光栅研究者和测量专家，都认为，光栅测量的精度不如激光，其精度还只是停留在微米量级上，用光栅来进行更高精度的测量以至纳米测量是难以实现的。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。