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Experiments on different statistics and judging objects show that the test methods based on the two statistical distributions can make good results on test videos to different extent; but the test based on Laplace distribution is better in terms of overall performance.

针对不同统计量和判决对象的实验结果表明，基于这两种分布的检验方法都能不同程度地对测试视频分割出较好的结果，但基于Laplace的检验方法的综合性能较优。

At the bookish assembly hosted by Secretary General Huang Chin-ying on January 3, Mr. Chang Pei-chen presented the first report on the Secrets of the 17-year Cicada written by Japanese Jin Yoshimura, a specialist of eco-mathematical model and biological evolution. The book was adapted from Yoshimura』s paper published in American Scientist in 1996, exploring the causes of evolution of magicicadas. Based on the duration of dormancy, magicicadas fall into two groups: the 13-year and 17-year periodical cicadas. Based on the principle of the survival of the fittest, as the lowest common multiple was larger, there were fewer groups proliferating at the same time to prevent damage of their ecological regularity as a result of hybridization.

1月3日读书会在黄晋英秘书长主持下，第一篇由张培臣先生报告《17年蝉之谜》，作者为日本人吉村仁，专攻生态数学模型与生物演化理论，本书改写自吉村仁於1996发表於《美国自然学家》期刊的论文，探讨质数蝉的演化缘由；依若虫期蛰伏於土壤中年份的不同，质数蝉大致可分为13年及17年两类，在天择情形下，因为最小公倍数比较大，同一时间的繁殖群相对比较少，可避免杂交而破坏其生态规律。

The absolute solution of Jiaojia ERP is put forward, the system models are established, and the solution are explained in detail. The business program of Jiaojia gold mine is reengineered based on the theory of "business centers", and the program-oriented compressed organization is framed. The index group and the solution of mine total quality management are setup. Then the optimize program of SCM and its components are designed on the guidance of "Horizontal Integration". The data of Jiaojia gold mine are reengineered based on the data warehouse technology. The information integration can be available after the establish of the business oriented databases, the subject integration oriented data marts, the application oriented data warehouses, the code databases and metadata, as weil as the OLAP system. The mathematics models and data mining modes are set up to function for the decision support of ERP system. The model of programming Master Production Schedule driven by geological resources and marked is figured out, so as to the models for material requirements planning and other decision supports are set up. The models provide service in forms of model storehouse, method storehouse, and algorithm tools center. The agent center is introduced to process the models' organizing, service, as well as self-study. The function system of Jiaojia gold mine ERP is figured out. By combining the development characteristics of Clients/Server and Browse/Server, the general framework and every sub systems are described in detail, including the function, structure, arrangement, modality, and so on.

主要内容如下：（1）深入论述了黄金矿山实施ERP的可行性，并结合应用需求将ERP理论在深度和广度上进行了拓延，建立了黄金矿山ERP系统的理论基础：以资源与市场共同驱动的供应链管理；黄金矿山的双重物流体系；以地质资源有效利用为目标的生产控制体系；黄金矿山财务管理的成本控制核心理论等；（2）提出焦家金矿ERP系统的整体解决方案，构建ERP系统模型，并进行了细节方案的设计：基于"作业过程核心"理论重新规划焦家金矿的业务流程，在此基础上设计面向流程的"扁平化"组织机构；建立了矿石全面质量管理的指标体系和实施方案；以"横向一体化"为指导思想，提出供应链管理各组成部分的全面优化方案；（3）以数据仓库技术为核心完成焦家金矿的数据规划，分别建立面向业务的数据库、面向主题集成的数据集市和面向主题应用的数据仓库，设计代码数据库和元数据库，定义OLAP方式，实现焦家金矿的全面信息集成；（4）针对ERP系统中的决策支持功能，建立了相应的数学模型和数据挖掘模型，提出了地质资源和市场共同驱动的主生产计划模型制定过程，进一步建立了物料需求计划的线性规划模型，以及其它决策支持模型；提出以模型库、方法库和算法工具为核心的模型服务方式，并设计了代理机制完成模型的组织、服务和自学习过程；（5）构建焦家金矿ERP系统的功能体系，针对C/S和B/S模式系统的开发特点，分别对功能体系架构以及各子系统的功能、结构、层次和形式进行详细设计。

Based on its own advantages, Kuntai has focused on one field and at the same time developed mixed farming. Based on its industry, it has also developed capital operation. It has more than ten full-finance and holding sub-enterprises, including Shanghai Yincheng Enterprise Development Group Co.Ltd., Shanghai Yincheng Sheshan Silver Developing Co.Ltd, Shanghai Kuntai Nonferrous Metal Co.Ltd, Qinling Copper Factory, Shanghai Kuntai Real Estate Co.Ltd., Shanghai Yincheng Kunhong Metal Powder Development Co.Ltd., Shanghai Kunxin Nanometer Material Co.Ltd, Shanghai Kunze Culture and Media Co.Ltd., Shanghai Kunyang Glue Size Co.Ltd., Shanghai Qiangdi Enterprise Development Co.Ltd and so on, with the net assets value of more than 1 billion Yuan and the share capital of more than 5 billion Yuan.

公司凭借自身实力，一业为主，多种经营，实业为本，兼具资本运营，下属上海银城企业开发集团有限公司、上海银城佘山白银开发有限公司、上海坤泰有色金属有限公司、秦岭铜厂、上海坤泰房地产有限公司、上海银城坤宏金属粉末开发有限公司、上海坤鑫纳米材料有限公司、上海坤泽文化传媒有限公司、上海坤阳浆料有限公司、上海强地企业发展有限公司等10多家全资、控股企业，净资产10多亿元，控股资本规模50亿元以上。

Based on the example of shahe reservoir, the text makes an analysis on circulation, management and environment and social economy development condition of the surrounding ecosystem. Then, the author carries on inquisition, data analysis and summary and makes calculation and demonstration of the safe stability of the dam ,and discusses the risking obviation and reinforcing technique. Finally, based on the existing research of sustainable development, experts" opinions and Mathematical Statistics analysis, the author brought forward an indication system suitable for reservoirs" sustainable development This system is made up of 4 first class indexes, 13 second class indexes, 38 foundational indexes. The 4 first class indexes are the dam safety evaluating index, the management index of reservoirs, the water ecosystem system stability index, the reservoirs construction effect index. The 13 second class indexes are the construction quality evaluating index, the dam running and management evaluating index, the flood control standard recheck index, the structure safety evaluating index, the anti- earthquake evaluating index, seepage safety evaluation index sign, the metal structure safety evaluating index, the engineering facility index, the management index, the water ecosystem system stability index, engineering effect index, the economic development index, the society development index.

本文以沙河水库为例，对其运行、管理及周围生态环境和社会经济发展状况进行调查，并将调查资料进行分析、归纳、总结；然后对水库大坝的安全稳定情况作出了简要的计算和论证，并讨论了水库的主要除险加固技术；最后在总结现有可持续发展研究的基础上，征集专家的意见，进行数理统计分析，提出了由4个一级指标、13个二级指标、38个基层指标组成的一套适合该水库可持续发展的指标体系。4个一级指标分别为：水库大坝运行安全综合评价指标、水库管理指标、水资源生态系统稳定性指标、水库建设效应指标；13个二级指标分别为：工程质量评价指标、大坝运行管理评价指标、防洪标准复核指标、结构安全评价指标、抗震安全评价指标、渗流安全评价指标、金属结构安全评价指标、工程设施指标、管理指标、水资源生态系统稳定性指标、工程效应指标、经济发展指标、社会发展指标。

The on-line teaching mode of classification, based on local area network (multi-media network, video-on-demand network) and the teaching model based on the Internet (individual study, 1 of 1, 1, many-to-many) of the teaching model .

本文对网上教学的模式进行了分类，提出基于局域网上的教学模式和基于Internet上（个别学习，1对1，1对多，多对多）的教学模式。

The on-line teaching mode of classification, based on local area network (multi-media network, video-on-demand network) and the teaching model based on the Internet (individual study, 1 for 1, 1, many-to-many) of the teaching model .

本文对网上教学的模式进行了分类，提出基于局域网上的教学模式和基于Internet上（个别学习，1对1，1对多，多对多）的教学模式。

ABSTRACT The researches of this thesis are carried out around the development of high performance machine tool spindle permanent magnet synchronous motor and its drive system. Five parts are included: First of all, concerning the operating characteristics of the machine tool spindle drive system, the optimum current control strategies of spindle PMSM are determined; The design rules of spindle PMSM's key parameters are summarized, based on the study on the influences of the design parameters on the performances of the PMSM operating at different current control strategies; The practical methods to improve the flux-weakening ability of the PMSM are presented; Based on the analysis and comparison of the operating performances of PMSM with different rotor structures, a novel PMSM rotor structure, which is of excellent mechanical performance, suitable for fluxweakening operation and can improve the torque output capacity in the same time, is presented.

本文围绕高性能机床主轴永磁同步电动机及其传动系统的设计研究展开，所做工作主要包括五部分：首先，确定了主轴永磁同步电动机定子电流的最优控制策略；通过对不同控制策略下主要设计参数对主轴永磁同步电动机性能影响的计算研究，总结了参数设计规律；提出了永磁同步电动机弱磁扩速的实用措施；在分析比较不同转子磁路结构电机的性能，尤其是弱磁扩速能力的基础上，提出了一种机械性能优越，易于弱磁扩速，同时能保证电机恒转矩运行时的转矩输出能力的新型转子磁路结构。

Based on the modified Hertz contact theory and the simplified simulation of impact a new method is approved to calculate the impact force of outrunner blocks in debris flow on structures. Based on a limited parametric study, it is shown that the impact causes plastic deformation on concrete structures at a low velocity.

计算结果表明，泥石流大块石在很小的冲击速度（小于1m/s）下就可能导致混凝土材料冲击接触面上产生塑性变形。

Moreover, our method is insensitive to image noise.(2) For single face detection in gray scale images, three methods based on three curve evolution models have been presented, i. e., GVF-based method, Chan-Vese model based method, and deformable pedal curve based method.

2针对静态灰度图像的单人脸检测问题，充分利用活动轮廓模型的特点和人脸的先验知识，提出两种基于活动轮廓模型的单人脸检测方法，即基于梯度向量流的人脸检测方法和基于Chan-Vese模型的人脸检测方法，其基本思想都是直接在原模型中加入人脸椭圆约束。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。