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CT and MRI examinations were taken regularly after operation. Results Among 50 cases of anterior skull-base defects with the longitudinal size from 2cm to 6cm (average 3.5cm )and the transversal size from 2cm to 5cm (average 2.8cm ),the long-term follow-up study which duration ranged from 3 months to 5 years (average 2 years)showed no evidence of CSF leakage and encephalomeningocele.

结果 50例病人的前颅底骨缺损范围为：前后径2～6cm(平均3.5cm)，左右径2～5cm(平均2.8cm)，随访时间为3个月至5年(平均2年)，均未发生脑脊液漏和脑膜脑膨出现象，其中32例病人得到CT或MRI证实。

Leaves 5, not fully expanded at anthesis; petiole 5.5--15 cm, with thick long pilose hairs; leaf blade nearly kidney-shaped, rounded-ovate, or 5-angled, 2.5--7 × 4.5--11 cm,± equally 3-foliolate, abaxially with white hairs, adaxially glabrous, base broadly cordate; lateral leaflets subsessile, unevenly 2-lobed; central leaflet subsessile or with a 1--4 mm petiolule, deeply 3-lobed, lobes entire or dissected, ultimate lobes triangular to narrowly linear and 2--3.5 mm wide.

叶5，不完全膨大的在花期；叶柄5.5-15厘米，具厚具长柔毛毛；叶片差不多肾形，圆形卵形，或具5个角， 2.5-7 * 4.5-11厘米，多少具3小叶，背面具白色的毛，正面无毛，基部宽心形；侧生小叶近无柄，不均匀2裂；中心的小叶近无柄或具一1-4毫米小叶柄，3深裂，裂片全缘的或多裂，末级的裂片三角形到狭线形和2-3.5毫米宽。

Ovary inferior, 2-loculed, with 2 erect ovules per locule; styles 2 or 3, connate at base.

雄蕊15-20。子房下位，2室，具2直立胚珠每室；花柱2或3，在基部合生。

Petals 2.5-3.5 × 1.5-2 mm, narrowly obovate, pink; base of median filaments slightly dilated, not appendaged, 0.2-0.3 mm wide; leaves glabrous or rarely sparsely pilose; trichomes on inflorescence rachis obsoletely branched

花瓣 2.5-3.5 * 1.5-2 毫米，狭倒卵形，粉红色；膨大的中间的花丝稍，无附属物，0.2-0.3毫米宽的基部；叶无毛的或很少疏生柔毛；在花序轴不完全地上的毛状体分开 2 H。

Daily 55% Material Hema-copolymer Water Content 55% Diameter 14.2 mm Base Curve 8.5 mm in 2.50D Power Range -0.50 ~-6.00D in 0.25D steps -6.50 ~-12.00D in 0.50D steps Center Thickness Plano~ 2.50D: 0.130 mm -2.75D~-12.00: 0.110 mm Handling Tint Light Blue Wear Modality Daily Package Blister Features High water retention allows longer moistures.

日抛型（55%的含水量）材料 HEMA共聚物含水量 55%直径 14.2mm 基弧 8.5mm（2.50D）度数范围-0.50 ~-6.00D （步长0.25D）-6.50 ~-12.00D （步长0.50D）中心厚度平光~ 2.50D： 0.130mm -2.75D~-12.00： 0.110mm 处理色彩浅蓝佩戴型日抛型包装吸塑包装特性高锁水能力，长久保湿。

Then sodium ethoxide was used as base,the nucleophilic substitution of 2-pyrrolidone with the intermediate provided nefiracetam.

以碳酸钠为缚酸剂，摩尔比为1︰1的2，6-二甲基苯胺与氯乙酰氯反应合成了中间体2-氯-N-(2，6-二甲基苯基)乙酰胺；在强碱乙醇钠作用下，2-吡咯烷酮再与2-氯-N-(2，6-二甲基苯基)乙酰胺经亲核取代合成了目标化合物奈非西坦。

The special tribo-electdc tester with high sliding speed and electric current was developed,which mail working parameters are, current density up to 2.5 A/mm~2, the sliding speed 100 m/s,the load over 500 N (3.2 MPa) and the pulsant strike pressure within 20 N. This testersuccessfully simulates the tribological and electric properties of strip materials. 2, By using the above tester, study on tdbological properties and carrying currentperformances of copper-base powder metallurgy material and metal impregnation carbonmaterial are carded out.

本论文开展的主要研究内容和所取得的成果如下： 1、首次开发了大电流、高速度和重载荷的载流摩擦磨损专用试验机，能够稳定提供恒定交流电流密度2.5 A／mm~2，相对滑动速度100 m／s(12000 r／min)，载荷可达500 N(3.2MPa)，脉动冲击载荷可达20 N，为研究提速接触网和滑板的高速载流摩擦学特性及其机理，以及开发新型高耐磨性、高载流性能滑板材料提供了先进可靠的试验手段(该机已获得一项实用新型专利，ZL 2006 2 0096036.5)。

Leaves 3 or 4 per ultimate branch; sheath straw-colored, glabrous; auricles and oral setae absent; ligule purple-red, ca. 2 mm; pseudopetiole ca. 2 mm; blade elliptic-lanceolate, 4–20 × 2–2.9 cm, secondary veins 4–8-paired, base cuneate, margin serrulate, apex acuminate.

每末级的分枝留下3或4；鞘稻草色，无毛；叶耳和口头的刚毛无；叶舌紫红色，约2毫米；假梗约2毫米；叶片椭圆状披针形， 4-20 * 2-2.9 厘米，次脉4-8配对，基部楔形，边缘有细锯齿，先端渐尖。

Thirdly, it analyzes and studies in detail Surpac mechanism and the relevant concepts on constructing the model of mineral deposits and mining engineering systems according to the modeling procedure and the actual conditions of Jinchuan"s mines. Based on these:Lit points out some differences between the western countries and China in the practice of the geological data record, explores the inputting data on computers performed by more people at the same time and the method to improve constructing the data-base and finished the data-base of Jinchuan mineral deposits;2.It puts forward the steps and flow chart to construct the solid model and brings forward the scheme of "first individual then whole to set up Jinchuan mineral deposits geological model, summarizes some experiences for constructing the complicated geological ore body of the high accuracy: add control lines, add auxiliary demarcation lines +control lines, the operation of intersection, cross and incorporation between solid bodies and plane and section combination. The above-mentioned methods applied to construct the mineral deposits solid models of four mine areas in Jinchuan; 3.lt studies and presents the detailed flow chart of constructing block and grade model, analyses the workable scheme in setting up the block and grade model of main ore body for Jinchuan mineral deposits and also sets it up.

接着，按建模流程并结合公司矿山实情，详细研究、分析了Surpac构造矿床模型和采矿工程系统模型的机理、有关概念，在此基础上：(1)指出了西方国家与我国在地质数据记录习惯方面存在的一些差异，探索出多人多机同时录入、提高建库效率的方法，建立了金川矿床地质数据库；(2)研究并提出了构造实体模型的步骤和流程图及&先分后整&建立金川矿床地质体实体模型方案，总结出建立高精度复杂地质体模型几点经验：添加控制线法、添加辅助分界线+控制线法、实体间的交、叉、并运算法及平剖面图联合法，建立了金川矿床四个矿区主矿体的实体模型；(3)研究并提出了建立块模型、品位模型详细流程图，分析了建立金川矿床主矿体块模型和品位模型的可行方案，建立了金川矿床主矿体的块模型和品位模型。

Main points of the thesis are as follows:(1) The main function models and information relations between these models in the CAPP system in the integrated CAD/CAM project are explained, a new process plan design method is mentioned based on analyses of process plan design. This method is based on the process plan prototype, and develops the prototype little by little until the perfect process plan is completed, the prospect of this method is discussed;(2) The feature abstracting rules and methods are studied, a feature coding system is developed based on GT, all the defined feature models are described by the mathematical methods;(3) The integrated method of CAD/CAPP based on features is mentioned, this method defines a feature exchanging model, and develops an interface software to exchange design data into technology data base, this technology data base includes the design and technology information of the parts;(4) The process plan reasoning method based on features is created, this method uses Mycin algorithm to solve the reasoning of the feature process plan. A process plan making system is developed. In this system part process plan is made by the semi-intelligent method, this method uses the feature reasoning, feature process chain searching and man-computer talking together;(5) The main structure of the HOPE system is introduced, a shaft drawing and its process plan made by this system are shown, the data process problem in process drawing making is also discussed;(6) A new method of describing process rule is introduced, this method uses IfThen rules and neural nets weight values together to describe process rules, the BP algorithm is adopted in this method;(7) The optimal machining sequence problem of the process steps on the same fixturing is discussed, optimal algorithms SA is applied to solve this problem, the result shows that this method is more efficient than the traditional method;(8) All jobs in the thesis are summarized. In order to carry out the research in the future, some rational proposals are given.

全文论述的内容主要有下列几个方面：(1)较为系统地阐述了CAD／CAM一体化工程项目中CAPP系统的主要功能模块及其信息流程，在分析工艺设计过程的基础上，提出了基于特征原型的渐进式工艺设计方法，并探讨了该方法的应用前景；(2)研究了零件特征提取的原则和方法，在成组技术的基础上，开发了一套基于特征的分类编码系统，并在提取零件特征的基础上，定义了零件特征的数据模型，开发了基于轴类零件特征的参数化设计系统；(3)研究了基于特征的CAD／CAPP集成的方法，通过定义零件特征数据模型的存储结构，开发了将设计数据转换到工艺数据库中的接口程序，为后续的CAPP系统提供必要的零件形状和工艺信息；(4)研究了基于特征的工艺推理方法，将Mycin算法应用到工艺决策中，开发了基于特征的工艺推理及工艺方案生成系统，在系统中综合运用特征推理、特征加工工艺链查询及人机对话相结合的半智能化方法确定零件加工工艺；(5)介绍了整个HOPE系统的总体结构，通过运行HOPE系统绘出了一轴类零件的零件图，并生成了该零件的加工工艺方案，初步探讨了基于特征的工序图生成技术中数据处理问题；(6)研究了工艺设计过程中知识如何有效表示的问题，提出了将显式的IF-THEN规则表示与隐式神经网络权值表示相结合的工艺知识表示方法，并利用BP算法进行了工艺知识表示的初步研究；(7)研究了工艺设计过程中同一安装下工步优化排序问题，利用神经网络中基于模拟退火的理论来解决该工步优化排序问题，实践证明该方法较传统的算法具有更高的效率；(8)总结了本文所进行的研究工作，为今后进一步开展工作提出了较为合理的建议。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。