查询词典 bargaining

The interval estimation information given by estimators is classfied. The bargaining interval and bargaining value is also determined for each class information. Then, the information of the bargaining interval and bargaining value is integrated by utilizing the induced ordered weighted averaging operator. The problem to choice the weighted vector of the IOWA operator is also discussed.

首先对评价者给出的区间赋值信息进行分类，确定各类信息的协商区间和协商值；然后利用所导出的有序加权平均算子对各类信息的协商区间和协商值进行集成，并对如何选取IOWA算子加权向量的问题进行了讨论。

These problems and the particularities of collective bargaining system of its development in China will be found out in this thesis in order to perfect the system of collective bargaining in our country, with the help of quoting western advanced experience for reference.

本文通过对集体谈判制度在中国产生的历程以及实施现状的考察，探讨其在中国产生和发展的特殊性，以期求得对集体谈判制度在中国的运用和推广更为深入的认识。

Chapter 2 concerns three primary viewpoints on adopting the Penal Plea Bargaining now, those are the affirmative standpoint, the negativism, and the deferrable viewpoint. This part analyses the advantages and disadvantages of that system from positive and negative, as well, this part discusses the possible problems we would face if adopting the system now. The problems include five aspects, such as the two parties can bargain whether or not;the relation between the Penal Plea Bargaining and justness together with efficiency; the Penal Plea Bargaining and the protection of the victims, the Penal Plea Bargaining and judicature corruption, the Penal Plea Bargaining and the status of our prosecuting attorneys in proceeding.

第二章主要介绍对于引入刑事辩诉交易制度，我国目前主要的三种观点——肯定说，否定说和缓行说，这部分从正反两方面分析了该制度的优劣，并分析了引入该制度可能要面对的问题，主要有辩诉双方可否交易；辩诉交易与公正和效率的关系；辩诉交易与被害人权利的保护；辩诉交易与司法腐败；辩诉交易与我国检察官在诉讼中的地位这样五个方面的问题。

The bargaining system by Ferejohn, Forsythe and Noll (1979) reduces the costs of bargaining but works only for discrete, semi -public goods from which some of the public can be excluded.

讨价还价的系统费内，福赛斯和诺尔（ 1979年）降低成本的谈判，但只适用于离散，半公共物品，一些市民可以将其排除在外。

This essay comprehensively investigates the historical background and development practice of Foreign plea bargaining system by the methods of history examined and comparative research . It deeply researches the properness , essentiality and feasibility of enforcing the plea bargaining procedure in our country while uniting theory with practice and establishing the value of equity and efficiency on the basis of grasping the plea bargaining 's law attribute , basic feature and factors of establishing the system .

本文运用历史考查的方法和比较研究的方法，综合考察了外国主要辩诉交易制度产生的历史背景及发展实践，在把握辩诉交易的法律属性，基本特征和制度建构条件的基础上，以公正和效率为价值取向，理论联系实际，对我国施行辩诉交易程序的正当性，必要性和可行性进行深入研究，全面分析了建立辩诉交易制度的利弊因素和存在的障碍，以及建立辩诉交易程序应把握的原则和方法。

Experiment 1 (chapter 6), adopting procedures of the binary lottery games, with leading elements of information conditions into the practice, tested Nash bargaining model systematically and found that, under complete information conditions, axiom 4 was obviously rejected and axiom 3 which was reproachable to some extends, however was supported and therefore Raiffa solution was not observed; And associated with those, significant effect of information conditions and effect of interpersonal payoff comparisons with bargaining behaviors were founded.

结果发现，在完全信息条件下，公理4遭到明显拒绝；而引起一定程度上非议的公理3却能获得支持，故也未观测到Raiffa解的存在；与此相关，发现了议价者行为上的显著的信息条件效应和人际支付比较效应；在此基础上，作者对Nash议价模型进行了修正。

Bargaining model 1982, the Mark Rubinstein with complete information and dynamic game theory, on the basic, indefinite complete information bargaining process simulation, and to establish a ...

讨价还价模型 1982年，马克·鲁宾斯坦用完全信息动态博弈的方法，对基本的、无限期的完全信息讨价还价过程进行了模拟，并据此建立了。。。

A new initial solution of the two person cooperative game model is presented in the decentralized bilateral transaction with a centralized pool market.The new bargaining is educed and it demonstrates that the bargaining is interfered by the pool price and overbalance of benefit distribution is accepted by the two sides on this condition.

提出了同时存在集中调度的电力联营市场时，分散调度的双边电力交易市场的二人合作对策模型的新现状点，从而得出了新的定价方式，说明双边交易的定价要受到同时存在的Pool电价的影响，同时存在Pool时，双边交易的利益不平均分配也是可以被交易双方接受的。

In the second part, we establish a long-run cooperative model of duopolistic markets which is based on the traditional Nash bargaining model. We define the long-run equilibrium of bargaining with threats, and prove that the bargaining value of long-run equilibrium pairs is unique.

在第二部分中，我们建立了双头垄断市场长期合作模型，在传统Nash谈判模型基础上，加入讹诈因素，并定义了长期讹诈谈判均衡，证明其均衡态的存在性及谈判均衡值的唯一性。

Otherwise, in the both side relationship of commercial house preselling, they have different posture from the bargaining of chattel and the immediately bargaining of estate. Commercial house preselling has some characteristic of long bargaining cycle, poor predictability, high value object, multilateral preselling contract sides and affected by the central government.

但是，在商品房预售交易关系中，预售双方所处的地位与动产交易以及不动产即时交易不同，商品房预售具有交易周期长、可预测性差、标的物价值高、预售合同关系多边化以及受中央和地方政府政策影响大等特点。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。