查询词典 average change

By perceiving the facts that average damages do not change the loading paths of a structure and that local damages will not increase component stiffness, the author presents the damage identification algorithms termed as Iterative Matrix Optimal updating and Constrained Submatrix Factor Adjustment .

根据一般损伤不引起荷载路径改变、局部损伤不会导致单元刚度增加等损伤问题的特点，提出损伤识别的"矩阵迭代优化修正法"和"带约束的子矩阵系数修正法"；并将子矩阵系数修正法推广为联合运用动力与静力测量值的损伤识别算法。

Effective heat capacity method was used to simulate heat transfer of freezing phase change growth in the metallic foams at the third boundary condition. The average temperature distributions vs. time in the metallic foams were obtained. The results showed effects of different porosity and thermal conductivity on the temperature distributions.

采用显热容法模拟了第三类边界条件下泡沫金属中水的冻结相变传热过程，得到了泡沫金属中骨架和流体的温度分布及其平均温度的变化，分析了不同骨架导热系数及不同孔隙率对介质温度分布的影响。

The following results are made from this research: Assessing data quality and band combination of different bands in line with geo-target features in desertification areas, and determining basic bands for desertification monitoring. And understanding and studying the spectral features and variation rules of geo-targets in the experimental area, raising that it is the basis of geo-targets information collection with imaging spectrometer data to understand spectral features and variation rules of geo-targets, realizing that in a great extent spectral-integrated-form-based classification method can remove the phenomenon of "different spectrum with same objects" resulted from reflection ratio curve translation because of the angle change among sensor, targets and observation direction, and the average and variance images can be introduced to solve the problem of two kinds of geo-target with similar spectral forms and much different values of whole reflectionratio. It is suggested that "red edge" range bands of vegetation, which has close relationship with vegetation cover and biomass, is the main characteristic bands and important basis for careful vegetation classification and quantitative retrieval, and pixel-based derivative spectral analysis is very useful for removing the effects of soil background values and quantitatively retrieving vegetation biomass and cover. The remote sense quantitative retrieval model is developed for main appraisable factors of desertification monitoring assessment with imaging spectrometer data and then the applicability of model is analyzed.

研究结果如下：首先针对荒漠化地区的地物特征，对高光谱数据不同波段的数据质量、波段组合进行了评价，提出了适用于荒漠化监测的基本波段选择集；初步了解和掌握了研究地区的地物光谱特性及变异规律，进一步明确了掌握地物光谱特征和变异规律是用成像光谱仪数据提取地物信息的基础；发现了基于光谱整体形状的分类方法在很大程度上能够消除由于传感器、地物目标观测方向之间的角度变化引起的反射率曲线整体平移的"同物异谱"现象，对于谱形相似而整体反射率的值相差较大的两类地物，通过引入均值和方差图像参与分类得到解决；研究还表明在植被"红边"范围内的波段是进行荒漠化监测的主要特征波段，这些波段与植被生物量和盖度都有密切的关系，是开展精细植被分类研究和植被定量反演的重要基础；像元的导数光谱分析可以消除土壤背景的影响，是进行植被生物量和盖度定量反演的有力工具；建立了荒漠化监测主要评价因子的定量反演模型，并分析了模型的适用性。

The results also show that the average speed of vehicles reaches the highest in a certain market penetration and that as the number of jam-packed road increases, there is little change of the equipped vehicles" speed, while the unequipped vehicles" speed decreased considerably.

当路网中堵塞路段数越来越多时，有配备设备的车辆平均旅行速度变化不大，而未配备设备车辆的速度则有较大幅度下降。

The average wage-earner, who leads a colourless existence, devotes a small percentage of his earnings to keep alive with extraordinary constancy the dream of achieving some magic change in his life

普通的工资收入者，过着平淡的生活，从挣得的工资中拿出一小部分，使得那种要在生活中实现某种奇妙变化的梦想时时刻刻活跃在心头。

The average wage-earner, who leads a colorless existence, devotes a small percentage of his earnings to keeping alive with extraordinary constancy the dream of achieving some magic change in his life.

平日生活乏味的普通工薪阶层拿出收入的很少一部分来碰运气，他们异常执着于自己的梦想，期待自己的生活能有奇迹般的转变。

The central frequency of the filter is adjusted by changing the voltage applied on the Wheatstone bridge, which can change the average temperature and axial strain of the bridge.

通过调节施加在压敏电桥上的电压大小来改变桥的平均温度和轴向应变，可调节滤波器的中心频率。

The following results are made from this research: Assessing data quality and band combination of different bands in line with geo-target features in desertification areas, and determining basic bands for desertification monitoring. And understanding and studying the spectral features and variation rules of geo-targets in the experimental area, raising that it is the basis of geo-targets information collection with imaging spectrometer data to understand spectral features and variation rules of geo-targets, realizing that in a great extent spectral-integrated-form-based classification method can remove the phenomenon of "different spectrum with same objects" resulted from reflection ratio curve translation because of the angle change among sensor, targets and observation direction, and the average and variance images can be introduced to solve the problem of two kinds of geo-target with similar spectral forms and much different values of whole reflectionratio. It is suggested that "red edge" range bands of vegetation, which has close relationship with vegetation cover and biomass, is the main characteristic bands and important basis for careful vegetation classification and quantitative retrieval, and pixel-based derivative spectral analysis is very useful for removing the effects of soil background values and quantitatively retrieving vegetation biomass and cover. The remote sense quantitative retrieval model is developed for main appraisable factors of desertification monitoring assessment with imaging spectrometer data and then the applicability of model is analyzed.

研究结果如下：首先针对荒漠化地区的地物特征，对高光谱数据不同波段的数据质量、波段组合进行了评价，提出了适用于荒漠化监测的基本波段选择集；初步了解和掌握了研究地区的地物光谱特性及变异规律，进一步明确了掌握地物光谱特征和变异规律是用成像光谱仪数据提取地物信息的基础；发现了基于光谱整体形状的分类方法在很大程度上能够消除由于传感器、地物目标观测方向之间的角度变化引起的反射率曲线整体平移的&同物异谱&现象，对于谱形相似而整体反射率的值相差较大的两类地物，通过引入均值和方差图像参与分类得到解决；研究还表明在植被&红边&范围内的波段是进行荒漠化监测的主要特征波段，这些波段与植被生物量和盖度都有密切的关系，是开展精细植被分类研究和植被定量反演的重要基础；像元的导数光谱分析可以消除土壤背景的影响，是进行植被生物量和盖度定量反演的有力工具；建立了荒漠化监测主要评价因子的定量反演模型，并分析了模型的适用性。

Methods Rats were exposed to S band HPM which average power densities were respectively 2~90 mW/cm^2. HE staining, Toluidine blue staining and electron telescope were used to study the change of the structure of cortex, and high performance liquid chromatography was used to study the changes of 4 amino acids (glutaminic acid, asparagic acid, GABA and glycine) of cortex in 6 h and 1d after exposure to 10 and 50mW/cm^2 HPM.

采用2~90mW/平方公分S波段高功率微波辐照Wistar大鼠，通过苏素素－伊红染色、甲苯胺蓝染色和电镜观察大脑皮层的形态结构改变；采用高效液相色谱仪检测10和50mW/平方公分照后6h和ld大脑皮层中4种氨基酸(谷氨酸、天门冬氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸和甘氨酸)含量的变化。

This paper analyzes the trends and variations of cross-section profile parameters in lower Yellow River with the methods of time series analysis. The analysis results show that since 1950s, cross-section profile parameters in lower Yellow River have change with trend, especially after 1990s, the bankfull discharge and bankfull area all show decreasing trends at all the four stations. The bankfull width at Huayankou, Gaocun and Lijin station and the average depth at Huayuankou and Aishan station and the maximal depth at Gaocun station show decreasing trends while the bankfull water level at Gaocun and Aishan station and width-depth ratio at Aishan station show increasing trends.

本文采用时间序列分析的方法对黄河下游河道断面形态参数变化趋势及其变异点进行了分析，分析结果表明从20世纪50年代以来，断面形态参数发生了趋势性变化，特别是90年代以来各站平滩流量和平滩面积均有显著的下降趋势，花园口站、高村站和利津站平滩河宽出现了显著下降趋势，花园口站、艾山站平均水深显著下降，高村站和艾山站的平滩水位显著抬高，艾山站的宽深比也有显著增大的趋势。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。