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Starting with the developments of the author\'s creation, the dissertation follows up the scent of the occurring of his novels and the\'track of his psychology of creation, holding the opinion that there exists an intuitive psychological tendency in Faulkner\'s creation which the author is not aware of. It is the autonomous complex that leads the author to go beyond his limitations and to reflect a deeper collective unconsciousness.Faulkner\'s novels and their respective themes are closely connected with the inferiority complex caused by American culture, the author\'s physique and his living conditions. They are the results of his inferiority complex that accumulates into some kind of superiority complex.Because of the southern American\'s special history and politics and his sufferings Faulkner is deeply absorbed in the southern wasteland and invented Yoknapatawpha County, making it a place where he can do whatever he wants to do to counteract the lack in his real life. He concerns himself not only in the description of the Southern spiritual wasteland, but also in mining the aesthetic meaning of the wasteland, both to him and to the human beings.

本文首先从作者创作的心理动势出发，对作者的创作发生及其创作的心理轨迹进行跟踪，认为，福克纳的创作中有一种不为创作者的自觉意识所完全控制的直觉领悟的心理倾向，正是这种自主情结引导作者超越个人的局限，遨游于个人利害的范围之外，反映了超个人的、更为深邃的集体无意识，从而创作出了具有永恒艺术生命的作品和崇高的美学景象；福克纳的小说创作及其相关主题的发生，在一定程度上与作者由于在文化、形体以及生活环境等方面的劣势而产生的难以排遣的自卑情结密不可分，是自卑情结积聚成优越情结，进而过分补偿的结果；同时，由于美国南方(来源：A6c8cBC论文网www.abclunwen.com)特殊的历史、政治及福克纳的生活遭际等原因，福克纳在几十年的创作生涯中，情系荒原，创造了约克纳帕塔法县这个精神王国，使之成为自己的精神浪游之地、欲望宣泄之乡和心灵托付之所，其创作动因在于既关注对南方人们精神荒原的描绘，也着眼于挖掘这个荒原世界对自己、对人生的美学意义所在。

Starting with the developments of the author"s creation, the dissertation follows up the scent of the occurring of his novels and the"track of his psychology of creation, holding the opinion that there exists an intuitive psychological tendency in Faulkner"s creation which the author is not aware of. It is the autonomous complex that leads the author to go beyond his limitations and to reflect a deeper collective unconsciousness.Faulkner"s novels and their respective themes are closely connected with the inferiority complex caused by American culture, the author"s physique and his living conditions. They are the results of his inferiority complex that accumulates into some kind of superiority complex.Because of the southern American"s special history and politics and his sufferings Faulkner is deeply absorbed in the southern wasteland and invented Yoknapatawpha County, making it a place where he can do whatever he wants to do to counteract the lack in his real life. He concerns himself not only in the description of the Southern spiritual wasteland, but also in mining the aesthetic meaning of the wasteland, both to him and to the human beings.

本文首先从作者创作的心理动势出发，对作者的创作发生及其创作的心理轨迹进行跟踪，认为，福克纳的创作中有一种不为创作者的自觉意识所完全控制的直觉领悟的心理倾向，正是这种自主情结引导作者超越个人的局限，遨游于个人利害的范围之外，反映了超个人的、更为深邃的集体无意识，从而创作出了具有永恒艺术生命的作品和崇高的美学景象；福克纳的小说创作及其相关主题的发生，在一定程度上与作者由于在文化、形体以及生活环境等方面的劣势而产生的难以排遣的自卑情结密不可分，是自卑情结积聚成优越情结，进而过分补偿的结果；同时，由于美国南方特殊的历史、政治及福克纳的生活遭际等原因，福克纳在几十年的创作生涯中，情系荒原，创造了约克纳帕塔法县这个精神王国，使之成为自己的精神浪游之地、欲望宣泄之乡和心灵托付之所，其创作动因在于既关注对南方人们精神荒原的描绘，也着眼于挖掘这个荒原世界对自己、对人生的美学意义所在。

The thesis gives a macro explanation and grasp which is based on theoretical foundation, social surroundings and developing trend, explains the possibility and necessity of its appearance and discusses the developed process of its object which covers not only real property but also all asset. The author analyzes beneficial weight, systematic ideal and legal values, then clarifies that the legal system needs profound juristic basis. By using the method of comparative analysis, the author expounds the requirement of applicable conditions in other countries and analyzes its deficiencies in the Contract Law of Peoples Republic China. From the angle of legal effect after its application, the author analyzes the differences in rights and duties between legal nexus among them (the owner, the leasee, the leaser) and pure bargain relation, lease relation. The author thinks applicable range of the legal system may be enlarged and be analogized to financial lease and over the property of another. In the end, it puts forward the perfection suggestions of the legislation of the system of no break of lease with bargain.

本文首先从该制度产生的理论依据、社会背景以及发展趋势上，对其进行一个宏观了解和把握，说明其产生的可能性和必要性以及适用对象由不动产向一切财产转变的发展过程；其次通过利益衡量、制度理念、法律价值三个方面的分析，阐明该制度的存在有其深厚的法理学基础；又运用比较分析的方法，阐述各国在其适用条件上的要求，分析我国合同法有关此方面存在的缺陷；再就该制度适用后所产生的法律效果，分别分析三方(所有人、出租人、承租人)之中每两方之间的法律关系与单纯的买卖关系、租赁关系在权利义务上有何不同；然后将其适用范围扩大，类推适用于融资租赁和他物权；最后提出完善我国买卖不破租赁制度的立法上的建议。

First, the author discusses the concept of drug, the concept of drug crime and the types of drug crime; Second, the author comparatively analysis both outside and inside legislation of drug crime, and analysis the characteristics of the legislation; Third, the author analysis several problems of the constitution of drug crime, including the accomplishment standard of the selling drug crime, the cognizance of illegally holding drug crime, mediacy act of drug crime; At last, the author presents my own proposals of perfecting the drug crime legislation, including adding the purchasing drug crime and illegally providing drug-making equipments crime, perfecting the aggravation polts and controlling the parole and commute of drug criminal.

首先，笔者论述了毒品的概念、毒品犯罪的概念和毒品犯罪的类型；其次，笔者对国内外毒品犯罪的立法进行了比较研究，并分析了其各自的立法特点；再次，笔者分析了我国毒品犯罪构成中的几个问题，包括贩卖毒品罪既未遂标准、非法持有毒品罪的认定和毒品犯罪居间行为；最后，笔者对我国毒品犯罪刑事立法的完善提出了自己的建议，包括增设购买毒品罪和非法提供制毒设备罪、完善我国毒品犯罪从重处罚的犯罪情节以及严格控制对毒犯的假释或减刑。

There are many serious misleading in how to apply the principle of "fraud exception", whereas, it is necessary to make a legal research on the principle of "fraud exception" in light of former researches. The article consists of two parts. In the first part, the author put emphasis on the principle of abstract independence, the definition, the establishment and development of the principle of fraud exception, the analysis of the fraud, the theory, the prerequisite and the procedure of apply the principle of "fraud exception" in order to establish the general principle and necessary procedure. In the second part, the author analysis the existing backward conditions oflegislation and judicial practice in China, and courts" attitude to the judicial remedy for the principle of " fraud exception", further, the author puts forward some suggestions on how to make the legislation on the principle of "fraud exception" perfect, and how to apply the procedure of judicial remedy for the principle of "fraud exception". Lastly, the author hopes that these suggestions could benefit to the judicial practice and the future legislation on the principle of "fraud exception.

我国在加入世界贸易组织后，按照国际惯例和国际公约处理国际贸易中的纠纷己成为一种必然趋势，鉴于我国法院对如何准确适用信用证欺诈例外原则存在着严重误区，使得在先前学者研究的基础上再一次研究欺诈例外原则很有必要，本文分两个部分，第一部分对信用证独立抽象原则、信用证欺诈例外原则的定义、确立与发展、对例外原则下欺诈的分析、理论基础、适用条件以及程序等六方面展开论述，从而确立信用证欺诈例外原则的一般原则和必要的程序：第二部分主要分析我国司法实践中信用证欺诈例外原则司法救济的立法以及司法现状，及法院对欺诈例外原则的态度，从而对如何完善我国法院欺诈例外原则的法律依据以及如何正确适用欺诈例外原则的司法救济程序提出一些构思，希望为欺诈例外原则在我国的司法实践以及为以后的相应立法提供有益的参考。

There are three parts in the main body of the thesis: first the author discussed the origin of charitable spirit, the change in the spirit and acts of modern charities and its new features; meanwhile, the author also gave an introduction of the purpose and scope of charities; second, the author made a further discussion on basic causes of the development of almshouses and charitable associations in Chongqing during that period, their organizational system; and then discussed the breeding fields with modern features and some characters of clan, and some problems and disputes happened among them, and then discussed the relationship among government, civilian, and gentry. Finally, the author gave a summary of the difference and indifference of the charities in Chongqing and Shanghai by comparing of them.

正文首先，论述了中国慈善思想的源流，近代慈善事业在思想与办善举措上的转变状况，以及慈善事业出现的新特征，同时，介绍了慈善事业的落脚点与范围；其次，论述了清末民初重庆综合善堂、善会发展的根本原因，以及善堂、善会的基本建制：接着论述了重庆具有近代特色与宗族特点的教养工场，以及民间善堂、善会中出现的问题与纠纷，并由此分析了官一民一绅在慈善事业中的关系；最后，通过对重庆与上海两地慈善事业的比较，总结了慈善事业在两地的异同。

The selection of geological prospecting in different stages(initial-prospecting, detailed-prospecting)(2)the selection of geological prospecting in the deep-laid and shallow-laid of tunnel project (3)the selection of geological prospecting of tunnel projecting in different geological conditions Finally, the author summed up main problems needing to be solved in tunnel engineering geological prospecting as follow:(1)differentiate stratum and find out the depth and thickness of different stratums in the tunnel section (2)find out geological structure and existence situation of fault, broken zone and weak plane (3)find out weathering level of bed rock to classify surrounding rock combining speed materials (4)differentiate stratum structure of the entrance of tunnel to judge the stability of it (5)find out existence situation and performance of ground water (6)situations of other harmful geological phenomenon In view of above problems and classification of surrounding rock, the author showed principles of rational choosing of methods in geological prospecting and counted disperse range of physical character parameter value in different petrosal character, getting achievements as follow:(1)summarization of effect, merits and demerits of different geological prospecting methods in the tunnel geological investigation (2)method selection and arrangement principle of tunnel engineering geological prospecting in different geological conditions and prospecting stages (3)According to previous experience and cases, the author concluded the物性parameters most in use ,and showed the basis of selecting geological prospecting methods in different geological conditions.

论文中用几个应用实例来说明：(1)不同勘察阶段物探工作的选用；(2)深埋、浅埋隧道工程物探工作的选用；(3)不同地质条件隧道工程物探工作的选用。最后总结归纳出隧道工程物探所需要解决的问题主要有：(1)划分地层，查明隧道通过剖面的各地层深度与厚度。(2)查明地质构造，隧道轴线段有无断层、破碎带、软弱层面等。(3)查明基岩风化程度，从而结合速度资料进行围岩分级。(4)划分洞口地层结构，判断洞口稳定性。(5)查明地下水赋存情况及其活动动态。(6)其他不良地质现象存在情况。针对上述需要查明的地质问题与计算围岩分级情况，论文提出合理选用物探方法的原则，并统计了物性参数值在不同岩性中的分布范围。得出以下研究成果：(1)总结出各物探方法在隧道地质调查中的作用和优缺点。(2)得出不同地质条件下和不同勘察阶段，隧道工程物探方法选择和布置的原则。(3)根据以往工作经验和事例，对常用的物性参数进行了归纳总结，同时介绍了不同地质条件下物探方法选择的依据。

Second, using traditional texturing method, the author pointed out application of texturing method in Wanganyi" s novels, transferred it to narrate level , analysed changes in distance, narrating stop, rhythm speed that texturing method brings in novels, analyse the strong points and weak points further, especially the weak point, namely narrow, close space of novel, the poverty of the inner world of character , and bias of author" s values and ideology.,Third, from novel language and way of narrating , the author point out characteristic of authority narrates in Wanganyi s novels, analysed individualized inclination of authority narrate, compared with Chenran, Linbai and Hainai and point out that the essence of its authority narrates is the fictitious authority

二、借用绘画传统技法&皴&，指出王安忆小说中皴法的运用，并将之引申到叙述学的层面，分析皴法的使用对小说在时空距离、动静结合、叙述停顿、节奏速度等方面带来的变化，进一步分析皴法的优缺点，重点分析不足之处，即小说相对空间的狭窄、封闭，人物精神世界的贫乏，以及作者价值观念、意识形态的偏颇。三、从小说语言和叙述方式入手指出王安忆小说权威叙述的特点，分析权威叙述体现出的女性个人化创作倾向，将之与陈染、林白、海男等女性个人化创作比较，并指出其权威叙述的实质是虚构的权威。

The translator's linguistic choices and pragmatic translation strategies must focus on conveying the author's intentions without putting the audience to unnecessary processing efforts in achieving the contextual effects in the interpretation intended by the author. The choices and strategies should also achieve the similar contextual effects in the interpretation of the author's informative intention manipulatively reconstructed by the translator to cater to the aesthetic expectations and acceptability level of the audience.

因而，译者的译文选择和语用翻译策略必须聚焦于传达原文作者的意图，以及对原文作者信息意图进行操纵，而不会让译文读者付出不必要的推导努力来获得：1原文作者试图传达的语境效果；2译者为了迎合译文读者的审美期待和接受能力而对原文作者信息意图进行操纵性重构而传达的语境效果。

In Lee Kuan Yew's democratic socialism, the author proposed the different fields among the political, social and economic levels. The author will survey the three level viewpoints and use them to recognize if Lee Kuan Yew's democratic socialism is in common with the democratic socialism in the West or not. Besides, the author will use the 〝democracy〞definition of Austin Ranny to analyze whether the Lee Kuan Yew's democratic socialism disappeared or not.

李光耀这一套民主社会主义思想，笔者将其归纳分为政治、经济与社会论点，本文逐一检视这些论点与西方民主社会社会主义的差别，并透过奥斯丁E兰尼的民主定义，检视李光耀在政治方面的作为，以此论证李光耀民主社会主义是否消失。

The work of this paper is as follows: 1. Looking back the progressing history of the linear motor, introducing the features of the elevator driven by linear induction motor, radicating the topic of this paper "the digital frequency variable control of the elevator bi-side direct driven by linear induction motor". The research of this paper covers the conventional VVVF control, space vector based VVVF control, vector control and DTC.

本文主要开展了以下几个方面的工作： 1 回顾了直线电机发展历史，电机的驱动技术演变，特别是针对直线电机的驱动，简要介绍了直线感应电机驱动电梯的优点和不同结构类型，对传统的v／f控制，基于空间矢量法的v／f控制，矢量控制，和基于电压空间矢量的直接转矩控制进行了比较，确立了本课题的研究主题：直线感应电机双边直推式驱动电梯的全数字变频控制。

The article combines with the treatment of a superficial civil air defense work to introduce how the grouting method to improve the performance of the backfill soil.

文章从治理漂浮人防工事的角度提出了注浆技术在改善回填土性质方面的应用，并详细阐述了注浆技术的施工流程。