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Finally, the effect of the complete recycling use of distilled effluent on ethanol fermentation was examined in order to save the cost for the treatment of waste distillage and promote cleansing production. Based on the data of 13 circulations, although the average fermentation time needed to be extended to 30~40 hours, over 12.5% ethanol was achieved, at the same time, residual reducing sugar and total sugar were maintained below 0.70% and 0.90%, which indicates that the negative effect of the completely recycling use of waste distillage was limited, and the waste distillage can be completely recycled within the fermentation system.

在此基础上，从减轻废糟液处理负荷，实现清洁生产的需要出发，进行了无种子罐条件下酒精蒸馏废液直接全循环使用的自絮凝颗粒酵母酒精连续发酵实验研究，十三次全循环运行得到的实验数据，与无废液循环的实验结果相比，虽然平均发酵时间略增至30h～40h，但发酵终点酒精浓度仍达到12.5％以上，残还原糖和残总糖分别在0.70％和0.90％以下，说明循环积累物对发酵的影响有限，废糟液直接全循环使用的工艺技术路线可行。

In order to cutting down the cost, flocculation of recombined Erwinia carotovora-Eccl3B cell from broth, influence of temperature, pH and oxidants on the separation of PHB were studied; and the method which measure the molecular weight of PHB by intrinsic viscosity was also studied; furthermore, a phenomenon was found that insolubility of PHB in chloroform can be changed by pretreated at over 120℃ for the fist time, and the mechanism of this phenomenon was explored.

为了降低成本，提高生产效率，本文针对发酵法生产PHB过程中存在的，发酵液难以分离沉淀，非有机溶剂提取PHB时分子量严重降低等问题，进行了发酵液的絮凝，及温度、pH、氧化剂对提取PHB影响的研究。并对粘度法测定PHB分子量的方法进行了研究，同时，对于研究过程中发现的，加热后PHB在三氯甲烷中的溶解性变化及其原因进行了探索。

To the message that door of Beijing The Ministry of Commerce and Industry asks net inn is registered, city industrial and commercial bureau registers substation to express to pay close attention to about chief, say this new rule has disadvantage advantageous, advantage depends on producing a net to hand in easy dispute, door of The Ministry of Commerce and Industry but restrospect to makes clear responsibility person, consumer won't eat frowsty deficient; again but also can bring a few influences, can increase a net to hand in easy cost for instance, in can be being restricted small the freedom that sells the home, these remain to consider, because this does not have the plan of follow the lead of at present.

对于北京工商部门要求网店注册的消息，市工商局注册分局有关负责人表示关注，称该项新规有弊有利，好处在于发生网上交易纠纷，工商部门可追溯到明确责任人，消费者不会再吃闷亏；但也会带来一些影响，比如会不会增加网上交易成本、会不会限制中小卖家的自由等，这些都有待研究，因此现在没有效仿的打算。

A document that The Economist has seen claims the upgrade "was necessary to preserve the value of the asset"Chris Brooks, head of communications at the OECD, says Mr Gurría had no involvement in the refurbishment, but nevertheless the cost escalation happened on his watch.

经济学家》已知的文件宣称修缮工作&是保护 OECD 财产价值的必要&。 OECD 联络机构的头， Chris Brooks ，说 Gurria 先生与修缮工程无涉，然而花费的增加确实发生在他值班的时候。

Based on the researches of prehominid this thesis first discusses and analyzes on the product characteristic and the cost structure and also the factors that affecting the pricing of software. After that it gets a stage conclusion that the pricing strategy of the traditional product isn't suitable for software product. Then it analyzes the problems of the president pricing strategy of software .At last it gives an operatable and practical pricing model by the example of the ERP software product.

本篇论文在综合前人关于信息产品和软件产品定价方法的研究成果的基础上，首先对软件产品的特点、成本结构、影响软件定价的内外各种因素进行分析和理论探讨，从而得出传统的物质产品的定价方法不适用于软件产品定价这一阶段性结论；然后综合现有的软件定价方法和策略，对其存在的问题进行分析；最后运用定性分析和定量分析相结合的方法，以ERP软件为例提出一个可操作性较强的实用定价模型。

At the same time, the regional unbalance of the ecological importance and the forest resources distribute resulted in the difference environment cost that every region should bear and the contradiction between the development and underdevelopment region and the different region in the same watershed outstood.

总之，从中国的林业分类经营理论和实践两方面看，商品林和公益林生态服务价值评价和补偿问题成为要解决的首要问题。本文探讨了森林生态服务价值的计量并构建了公益林与商品林生态服务价值补偿机制，最后以闽江流域为实例进行了森林生态服务价值补偿机制的研究，对林业分类经营有一定的理论与实践意义。

Pillared montmorillonite, as a representative of Sandwich like pillared interlayered clays ,caught many scientist"s attention not only because of its special structure of two-dimensional sheets but also its excellent activity of catalysis and adsorption. It is well documented that the method to prepare PILM, ion-exchanging, needed a long periods and was affected by many factors, and that the product had low thermal stability especially hydro-thermal stability which was the primary obstruction of its using in large-scale production. At the same time, PILM was well documented prepared with Na-montmorillonite, while there were a few documents about PILM prepared with Ca-montmorillonite. The large cost of remodel of Ca-montmorillonite to Na-montmorillonite was another obstacle of the application of PILM, while Ca-montmorillonite was widely distributed in nature, as a result, to prepare PILM with Ca-montmorillonite has practical significance. What"s more, PILM was mainly studied as a catalyst in oil refining process till now, but rarely documented in other catalysis reactions, especially in coal liquification filed which also needed high activity catalyst.

以柱撑蒙脱石为代表的具有&三明治&结构的柱撑粘土矿物因其特殊的二维孔道结构和优良的催化和吸附性能近年来成为国内外广泛关注和研究的热点，但是目前国内外大量报道的PILM制备大多采用离子交换法，生产周期很长，影响因素很多，并且产物热稳定性不够高，特别是水热稳定性较差，这是其不能在实际中大规模生产和应用的主要障碍，因此制备一种高稳定性的PILM意义非常；文献中大量报道的都是钠基蒙脱石合成的柱撑粘土矿物，传统的离子交换法必须将钙基蒙脱石钠化改型，其成本相当高，而自然界中大量存在的却是钙基蒙脱石，直接用钙基蒙脱石合成柱撑粘土矿物有很现实的意义，但目前这方面的报道却很少见；另外，迄今为止，PILM作为催化剂的研究领域主要在石油的炼制中应用，而在煤炭的液化中却鲜有报道，如果能在煤炭转化领域应用这一成果，其影响也将是相当大的。

Pillared montmorillonite, as a representative of Sandwich like pillared interlayered clays ,caught many scientist's attention not only because of its special structure of two-dimensional sheets but also its excellent activity of catalysis and adsorption. It is well documented that the method to prepare PILM, ion-exchanging, needed a long periods and was affected by many factors, and that the product had low thermal stability especially hydro-thermal stability which was the primary obstruction of its using in large-scale production. At the same time, PILM was well documented prepared with Na-montmorillonite, while there were a few documents about PILM prepared with Ca-montmorillonite. The large cost of remodel of Ca-montmorillonite to Na-montmorillonite was another obstacle of the application of PILM, while Ca-montmorillonite was widely distributed in nature, as a result, to prepare PILM with Ca-montmorillonite has practical significance. What's more, PILM was mainly studied as a catalyst in oil refinin g process till now, but rarely documented in other catalysis reactions, especially in coal liquification filed which also needed high activity catalyst.

以柱撑蒙脱石为代表的具有&三明治&结构的柱撑粘土矿物因其特殊的二维孔道结构和优良的催化和吸附性能近年来成为国内外广泛关注和研究的热点，但是目前国内外大量报道的PILM制备大多采用离子交换法，生产周期很长，影响因素很多，并且产物热稳定性不够高，特别是水热稳定性较差，这是其不能在实际中大规模生产和应用的主要障碍，因此制备一种高稳定性的PILM意义非常；文献中大量报道的都是钠基蒙脱石合成的柱撑粘土矿物，传统的离子交换法必须将钙基蒙脱石钠化改型，其成本相当高，而自然界中大量存在的却是钙基蒙脱石，直接用钙基蒙脱石合成柱撑粘土矿物有很现实的意义，但目前这方面的报道却很少见；另外，迄今为止，PILM作为催化剂的研究领域主要在石油的炼制中应用，而在煤炭的液化中却鲜有报道，如果能在煤炭转化领域应用这一成果，其影响也将是相当大的。

Resultsthe level cross-sectional area of the median nerve at the pisiform bone in the cts patients of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the normal control group and the flat rate of the observation group was significantly higher than that of the normal control group. the high-frequency ultrasound diagnostic sensitivity was 80.4%(lower than the sensitivity of the conventional electrophysiological examination),with painless,non-invasive characteristics of dynamic ultrasound imaging and lower cost.

结果 cts患者正中神经在豌豆骨水平截面积明显大于正常对照组；观察组的扁平率明显高于正常对照组；高频超声检查的诊断敏感度为80.4%，不及常规的电生理诊断敏感度；超声可以动态成像，无痛无创，费用较低。

How to launch new products in the shortest time, in the best quality, at the lowest cost become the focus of competition, along with increasingly acute market competition. Whatever fruits of science and technology were transformed into competitive commodities, design work pivotally extraordinarily. Every country in the world pays attention to design work. As a result of the development and application of control technique, computer technology, applied mathematics, design means has changed rudimentary. New theory and technology of design come forth ceaselessly.

随着市场竞争日益剧烈，如何以最短的时间、最高的质量、最低的成本将产品投放市场成了竞争的焦点，任何科技成果要转化为有竞争力的商品，设计起着极其关键的作用，世界各国都十分重视设计工作，由于控制技术，计算机技术和应用数学的发展和应用，设计手段发生了根本性变化，设计新理论、新技术不断涌现，逐步地形成和创建了一系列包括脑力劳动自动化和各种人工智能为特征的现代设计方法和技术。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。