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Furthermore, it's easy to set environmental conditions and easy to revise when more data are available. Motion controller is also easy tested using the present computer program module for ship maneuvering in short-crested irregular waves.

本计算模组设定环境外力参数值简便，且未来若有更精确的估算式，可以建立新的方法并纳入模组；今后以此为基础，随著掌握实测资料之回馈，逐步提升船舶操纵运动模拟的拟真度。

For supracondylar fracture of humerus with obvious displacement,it is easy to make reduction,but the fixation and the maintenance of reduction is not easy; manual reduction with plaster or splint immobilization,though as the first-chosen method,has such shortcomings as infirm or loosening fixation of plaster or splint which may cause injury to blood vessels or nerves; open reduction may lead to further trauma to soft tissues and tissue adhesion,and to joint stiffness; the closed reduction with cross Kirschners wires under C-arm X-ray can avoid the above mentioned shortcomings and it is easy in operation.

移位明显的肱骨髁上骨折，复位容易，但固定及维持复位困难，手法复位石膏或夹板外固定虽是首选治疗方法，但石膏或夹板固定不牢固，易出现松动甚至可造成血管及神经损伤，而切开复位更易进一步造成软组织创伤，组织粘连，最终导致关节僵直功能障碍。本组C臂下闭合复位交叉克氏针治疗移位明显的肱骨髁上骨折避免了上述缺点，而且方法简单。肱骨髁上骨折；经皮克氏针固定；儿童；闭合复位

The results show that dynamic softening is easy to occur in these ingots and flow stress becomes steady finally; the material constants of hot deformation are procedural parameters that stress-level coefficient α, strain rate sensibility exponent m and deformation activation energy Q are all increased with strain increasing, while stress exponent n is decreased gradually; the values α and m of the alloy homogenized are the biggest and the value n is the smallest, dynamic softening effect of the alloy is the most obvious, which can deform evenly; influence of strain on the value Q of the alloy homogenized is a little and the average value of Q is only 176.5kJ/mol, so the alloy is easy to deform; the alloy matrix shows the regular recrystallization grains when the strain is 50%; dislocation cell structure re-formed in the grains with increase of strain.

结果表明：经不同处理的Al-1Mn-1Mg合金均易发生动态软化并最终呈现稳态流变特征；热变形材料常数是过程量，随应变量的增加，应力水平参数α、应变速率敏感性指数m和热变形激活能 Q 随之增大，而应力指数 n 则逐渐减小；均匀化退火后，铝合金的α和m值最大而n值最小，动态软化效果最明显且变形均匀，在该状态下，铝合金的 Q 值受变形量影响小，平均仅为176.5kJ/mol，易进行热变形；当应变量为0.7时，基体呈现规则的再结晶晶粒组织，随着应变量的增加，晶内重新形成了位错胞结构。

Hydraulic planer the advantages of a smooth drive, theintroduction of hydraulic drive, ram a uniform velocity,and canachieve variable speed; load capacity than the general mechanicaltransmission large Shaper;ram can be in any position toimmediately stop or start;Stage movement to apply the hydraulicdrive,feed rate can be in a certain range without adjustments;Machine done by hydraulic valve protection, are not too easy todamage the machine parts;Part of the oil is not easy to workwear, so long machine life;manipulating simple andconvenient.

液压刨床的优点是传动平稳，由于采用液压传动，滑枕的运动速度均匀，且可实现无级调速；负荷能力比一般机械传动的牛头刨床大；滑枕可以在任何位置上立刻停止或起动；工作台的进给运动也采用液压传动，进给量可以在一定范围内无级调整；机床由液压安全阀做保护，过载时不容易损坏机床的零部件；零件在油里工作不易磨损，因而机床寿命长；操纵简单，使用方便。

Explain how to draw the experimental curves. The advantage of using figure to expression experimental data is clearly,easy to compare, and easy to see the extreme value point and turning point, periodic rate and other properties in the data.

问题补充：说明如何绘制实验曲线实验数据用图形表示的优点是直观清晰，便于比较，容易看出数据中的极值点、转折点、周期性变化率以及其它特性。

The results showed that among three regulator combinations (2, 4-D KT and IBA), 2, 4-D2~3 mgL^(-1 treatment was the best with the highest callus induction rate, most of the explants induced callus and grew well. 2, 4-D2mgL^(-1+KT0.5mgL^(-1 treatment could induce callus from stem parts while the callus induced from the stem top was water-soaked and easy to be brown stained. KT4mgL^(-1 treatment could induce callus on some stems but was easy to be brown stained. KT4mgL^(-+IBA0.5mgL^(-1 treatment could induce callus but they grew very slowly.

试验结果表明：在3种生长调节剂(2， 4-D、KT、IBA)的组合中，以2，4-D2~3mgL^(-1效果最好，愈伤组织的诱导率最高，大部分外植体都能诱导出愈伤组织，生长良好；2，4-D 2mgL^(-1)+KT0.5mgL^(-1)能使部分茎段诱导出愈伤组织，而茎尖诱导的愈伤组织水渍化，易褐变；KT 4mgL^(-1)能使个别茎段有愈伤组织产生，但易褐化；KT 4mgL^(-1)+IBA 0.5mgL^(-1)能诱导出愈伤组织，但生长缓慢。

Hydraulic planer the advantages of a smooth drive, the introduction of hydraulic drive, ram a uniform velocity,and can achieve variable speed; load capacity than the general mechanical transmission large Shaper;ram can be in any position to immediately stop or start;Stage movement to apply the hydraulic drive,feed rate can be in a certain range without adjustments; Machine done by hydraulic valve protection, are not too easy to damage the machine parts;Part of the oil is not easy to work wear, so long machine life;manipulating simple and convenient.

液压刨床的优点是传动平稳，由于采用液压传动，滑枕的运动速度均匀，且可实现无级调速；负荷能力比一般机械传动的牛头刨床大；滑枕可以在任何位置上立刻停止或起动；工作台的进给运动也采用液压传动，进给量可以在一定范围内无级调整；机床由液压安全阀做保护，过载时不容易损坏机床的零部件；零件在油里工作不易磨损，因而机床寿命长；操纵简单，使用方便。

The main job and contribution of this paper are as follows:Based on narrowband signal processing, we propose a new method for FH signal blind detection and blind parameter estimation. Firstly, compute the cross-correlation function of FH signals from multichannels, then we get the cross power spectral density matrixCSDM Secondly, select the hops of FH signals from the CSDM via processing and analyzing the CSDM, meanwhile reduce the influence coming from noise, fixed frequency signal and other interferences; Lastly, estimating the DOA of every hop and according to the DOA, we can separate the hops, get the number of FH signals and their parameters. Propose a new method for designing the threshold in FH signal detection. This method makes it easy to get the threshold by theoretic computing and it can extremely reduce the interference of non-FH signals.Based on broadband signal processing, we propose a new method for FH signal blind detection and blind parameter estimation. Firstly, get the DOA of the signals by wideband spatial spectrum estimation; secondly, separate the signals by spatial filtering using wideband beamformer; Lastly, we propose two methods for FH signal blind detection and blind parameter estimation, one is for several constant hop-rate FH signals whose dwell-time are different and another is for a single FH signal whose hop-rate is alterable.By employing spatial interpolation in broadband signal beamforming, it can reduce the number of antenna elements and corresponding RF modules, A/D converters, etc. It can also eliminate the mutual coupling between antenna elements while getting the narrower main beamwidth and lower sidelobe level.

本文的主要研究工作和贡献如下：●提出了一种基于窄带处理的FH信号盲检测和参数盲估计的实现方法，即首先求出多路信号之间的互相关，进而得到互功率谱密度矩阵，然后通过对CSDM进行对折处理来抑制噪声、定频信号及其他干扰的影响，并将所有属于FH信号的hop(每一跳的驻留时间在时频图上持续的线段)从CSDM中筛选出来，最后用阵列信号处理中的到达方向估计理论在频域中估计出各个hop的方向参数，利用方位信息完成FH信号分离并得到FH信号的数目及其各自的参数集；●提出了一种确定FH信号检测门限的策略，该策略不仅使得检测门限能够通过理论计算得到，而且还显著地抑制了非跳频信号的干扰，从而能有效地检测出FH信号；●提出了一种基于宽带处理的短波FH信号盲检测和参数盲估计的实现方法，即首先利用宽带空间谱测向技术得到接收信号的DOA，然后采用宽带波束形成技术对特定方向进行空间滤波，实现多个信号的分离，最后分别提出了两种FH信号的盲检测和参数盲估计方法，第一种方法适用于空间某个特定方向上存在着几个驻留时间不同的恒跳速FH信号和其他干扰信号的混合信号，第二种方法适用于空间某个特定方向上仅含一个可变跳速的FH信号和噪声的混合信号；●将空间插值的概念和宽带波束形成技术结合起来，提出了一种基于频域处理的宽带恒定束宽的波束形成方法。

At the early iteratives, the mutation rate is bigger and the aim is to make particles to explore smaller and isolate region and to avoid the algorithm trapping to the local optimum. While the algorithm runs, the mutation rate will be decreased to reduce the disturbing to the particles. IPSO adopts a new method that congregates some neighboring individuals to form multiple sub-populations in order to lead particles to explore new search space. Additionally, our algorithm incorporates a mechanism with a simple and easy penalty function based on the largest distance between the particle and the boundary of the feasible region to handle constraint.

IPSO采用了一种新型的变异策略，变异概率随着算法的运行是动态变化的：在算法运行初期，变异概率大，其目的是使算法不但能够探测到目标空间中的孤立区域，而且避免搜索陷入局部极值；在算法运行后期，变异概率逐渐变小，以减少对粒子的扰动；算法通过将部分具有邻近距离的粒子聚集成核形成多子群引导种群中粒子的飞行；采用一个简单的基于粒子与可行域边界最远距离的罚函数处理约束的机制，使得算法高效实现。

DK77 HE Series electric spark digital controlling machine tool High Efficiency and fine quality Multi-technical breaking-through, six paten honored Low price, high quality All-closed loop control, automatic multi-cutting, automatic machinery precision error compensating and highly intellectual Highest precision≤0.008mm Highest smooth finish rate, Ra≤0.58um and reedless Great benefits: at Ra≤1.2um, the process speed could obtain 75mm2/min Highly integrated: clear circuit, strong stability, reliable and easy to fix Unique wire winding system employed, smooth running, noiseless and long useful life Industry controlled computer system, PLC logical control and functional module design materialize the low error rate

DK77□□HE系列高性能电火花数控线切割机床惊人的效率、优良的品质多项技术性的突破、集六项专利于一身慢走丝的效果、快走丝的价格全闭环控制、自动多次切割、自动补偿机械精度误差、智能化程度高最高精度≤0.008mm 最高光洁度Ra≤0.58um，表面无条纹高效益：在Ra≤1.2um时，加工速度75mm2/min 高集成化：电路清晰、稳定性高、安全可靠、维修方便采用独特的运丝系统，运行平稳、无噪声、寿命长采用工业控制计算机系统、PLC逻辑控制、功能模块化设计，使产品故障率大大降低。

You can do some assertiveness training.

你可以进行一些自信训练。

We were well on the path to making a rear-wheel-drive global platform," says Mays."

我们正致力于建立一个后轮驱动的平台，"Mays这样说道。"