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As compared with the existing work in this field, the results given in this paper is simple, and suitable for any robotic manipulators with unknown dynamics nonlinearities.(3) The proposed control scheme excludes the assumption that is often used in the existing literature, i.e., the robot states are assumed to be within a compact set.

与现有方法比较，本文给出的结果比较简单，适合于任何动力学非线性未知机械手的控制；提出的设计方法，克服了现有机械手神经网络控制应用中所需要的假设条件，即假设机械手的状态量严格位于某一紧集中。

It is also assumed that the selection of the contractor will have been made through competitive tendering based on tender documents prepared for the project by a Consulting Engineer.

同样设想选择承包人是根据咨询工程师为该项目准备的招标文件，以竞争性招标方式进行。

There are 2 alleles at a marker locus and they are codominant. We assumed that the sires used were heterozygous at all marker loci with known linkage phases and were mated to females which are randomly sampled from a population being in HardyWeinberg equilibrium.For further understanding of the values of treating QTL effect as random effect and the importance of estimating the variance component of QTL, we estimated the additive QTL effect under several factors combinations assuming that the QTL vanance component to be known.

为了进一步明确将QTL效应作为随机效应处理，并估计其方差组分的重要意义，本文在方差组分真值给定的前提下，采用随机QTL效应模型和单标记及侧翼标记信息，研究了不同试验设计、不同群体结构、不同QTL等位基因类型、不同遗传力和不同QTL方差贡献等因素组合下，TM-BLUP种畜遗传评定的效果。

Jorja Fleezanis has been concertmaster of the Minnesota Orchestra since September 1989, having assumed that position after eight years with the San Francisco Symphony as associate concertmaster.

从1989年九月，Jorja Fleezanis 就已经是明尼苏达管弦乐队的首席小提琴手，八年前，她是旧金山交响乐团联合首席小提琴手。

Alter assumed the pose with one eyebrow raised in condescension. It's his

"我想会有几百万的电脑用户不同意你的观点的，教授。"

Using assumed explained variable condition, applying the maximum entropy principle and with the condition probability distribution complying with that of sample data and prior distribution, the author finally estimates an optimal conditional probability density of the LGD.

利用假定的解释变量条件，应用最大熵原理，并要求所估计的条件概率分布一致于样本数据和先验分布，最终对违约损失率估计出最佳的条件概率密度。

Firstly, the random scene of fire was assumed. And then according to the probability distributions of the random parameters of fire in the building, a large number of samples were obtained using mixed congruence method and inverse function method of Monte-Carlo. Finally, the performance of the samples was simulated using Ozone, and the failure probability of the structure in fire was analyzed.

该模型首先确定火灾随机场景，根据建筑物内火灾随机参数的概率分布，利用蒙特卡洛的混合同余法和反函数法产生火灾随机场景的抽样样本，然后利用OZone软件进行火灾下抽样样本的性能模拟，通过大量样本的模拟实现了结构在火灾下的失效概率分析。

In the basic model,it is assumed that for each commodity,the flow can be routed on any path connecting its origin and its destination.

在这些相关应用中，多种商品通过有容量限制的网络，各自从起点被运送到终点。

In traditional applications, the input link of a mechanism is normally assumed to operate at a constant speed.

在机构的研究与应用中，一般假设机构的主动构件作等速运动。

Gerber and Shiu (1998a) and Tsai and Willmot (2002) all consider the renewal equation for the expected discounted penalty function at ruin Ф and its decomposition in this risk process. In their proceeding, they assumed the twice continuous differentiability of Ф,Ф〓,Ф〓 as a premise but its proof isn't obvious.

Gerber and Landry（1998）及Tsai andWillmot（2002）考虑了此模型下的破产时罚金折现期望Ф所满足的更新方程及其分解后的因子Ф〓和Ф〓，但它们的推导过程都是在假定Ф，Ф〓，Ф〓连续且二次连续可微的前提条件下进行的，但实际上此前提假定的成立并非显然。

The circulation, consumption and reproduction of the trilogy have not only testified to its historical significance and literariness, but also invested it with new meanings.

该三部曲的流通、消费与再生产不仅验证了其历史意义及文学性，而切还赋予它以新的意义。

If he thought that he could buy me off, he would be wrong.

如果他认为他可以收买我，那他就大错特错了。