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Moreover, the actual allele frequency of most varieties deviates far from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. All PPB、na 、I、h、Gi and Fst have proved to be the references to elucidate that ISSR is a most powerful tool to analyze genetic diversity, compared with the RAPD marker and the allozyme marker is less strong ordinally. We could divided the 70 samples into A, B, C, D and E five groups using three methods according to genetic distance clustering. There is a bit displacement for few varieties in different clustering maps, but the most are similar to morphological analysis despite that there is still a great difference among cultivars in the same one group. The above results imply that the three methods have the different sensitivity and resolution in genetic distance analysis of close varieties. The Mantel test indicates that the results from the three kinds of markers have the significant correlation, which demonstrates that the number of the used three kinds of markers is enough to exactly detect the diversity of all 70 samples to ideal extent. And these methods can be used to evaluate the diversity of the whole group using the miscellaneous samples instead of the individual sample, of the Gerbera jamesonii are mainly from tissue culture plants. In conclusion, the above study results provide a reference for the application of three kinds of molecular markers to molecular marker-assisted breeding of flower. 2. The genetic diversity among the eight introduced cut-flower varieties of Ranunculus asiatica was analyzed by the ISSR markers. Based on the genetic clustering tree, all the colorful flower varieties are clustered into one group, and the white flower varieties into another group. Moreover, among the former group the yellow flower varieties are clustered into one sub-group, and the reddish flower varieties, such as rose color, pink, nacarat, are clusetered into another sub-group.

由三种分子标记的分析结果可以看出，等位基因平均值、观察杂合度、Fis值、Fit值皆较高，表明非洲菊等位基因较丰富，杂合基因偏多，且绝大部份品种的实际等位基因频率在品种内偏离了Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium；PP8、na、Ⅰ、h、Gi及Fst皆表明，ISSR检测遗传多样性的能力最强，其次是RAPD，等位酶最低；根据遗传距离进行聚类，三种方法都把70个品种分成A、B、C、D、E五个大组，每一组中除少数品种发生位移外，大部份品种分类结果相似，且与形态分析结果有相似性，但在每一组中，品种间的聚类差别较大，表明这三种方法在近距离品种间检测遗传变异时灵敏度及分辨力不同；Mantel检测表明，三种标记的分析结果有显著相关性，表明所用的三种分子方法的标记数量已经可以相对无偏地检测到70个品种间遗传变异；非洲菊为组培苗，三种标记的检测结果皆表明，混合样品可以作为个体样品的代表，对整个居群的遗传多样性进行评价；这些研究结果可为三种分子标记方法在花卉分子辅助育种中的进一步应用提供借鉴。

The microwave-assisted reactions could be finished within several minutes to give high conversion and selectivity.Substrates whose aryl groups were substituted phenyl or naphthyl groups were more suitable in this reaction.

以TfOH为催化剂，在优化的反应条件下，大部分反应都可在数分钟内完成，该反应对于芳基是取代苯环或萘环的的底物效果较好，能得到较高的原料转化率和产物选择性。

ObjectiveTo establish a microwave-assisted extraction method for the extraction of the naringin in Fructus Aurantii.

目的建立乙醇微波辅助萃取枳壳中柚皮苷的提取方法。

In this work, the horizontally oriented single-walled carbon nanotubes networks deposited directly on Si wafer substrate by the buffer layer-assisted microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition method were successfully developed, using CH4, C2H2 and H2 as the source gases, and Fe and Nias catalyst materials.

本研究利用缓冲层材料辅助微波电浆化学气相沉积法，以甲烷(CH4)、乙炔(C2H2)与氢气(H2)为反应气体，镍与铁为触媒，成功地开发出在矽晶片上直接合成水平方向网状单壁碳奈米管。

DH level, CD4+ T lymphocyte count below 100 × 106/L, and interstitial pneumonia or ground-glass shadow in chest images, the diagnosis of PCP could be made presumptively. It is difficult to make a nosogenic diagnosis of PCP, but TBB considerably increases the positive rate of pneumocystis. Compound sulfamethoxazole is recommended as the first selected drug. In severe cases, corticosteroid and assisted mechanical ventilation combined with compound sulfamethoxazole could remarkably improve the prognosis of PCP.

当AIDS患者出现发热、咳嗽、呼吸困难、低氧血症、LDH增高及CD4+T淋巴细胞＜100×106/L时，结合胸部影像间质性肺炎或磨砂玻璃样改变，临床需考虑PCP；病原学诊断困难，但TBB肺孢子菌检出率高；治疗首选SMZ-TMP，重症病例辅以糖皮质激素和机械辅助通气可改善预后。

Nucleal morphometric , DNA and AgNoRs quantification in 86 cases of urinary bladder carcinoma were analysed by computer-assisted image analysing system.

应用HI－CI真彩色病理图像分析仪对86例移行细胞癌的核形态，DNA量和AgNoRs颗粒进行了定量分析。三种方法分别和综合作分级判别分析。

Microwave-assisted ring-opening polymerizations of DTC were carried successfully with lanthanum chloride (LaCl3) and stannous octoate Sn(Oct2 ascatalyst and the highest weight average molar mass of the obtained PDTC were 66800g/mol and 14600g/mol, respectively.

分别在氯化镧和异辛酸亚锡的催化下，DTC的微波开环聚合反应可以顺利地进行，所得PDTC的重均分子量分别达到66800g／mol和14600g／mol，二者比较而言，氯化镧的催化活性更高。

Ooplasmic transfer increases the fertilizability of the aged oocytes and the early embryonic viability, it has led to the birth of health babies, and become a hotspot in the realm of human assisted reproduction biotechnology and animal clone.

卵胞质转移技术能有效改善老龄卵母细胞的受精能力和早期胚胎的发育能力，在人类已有健康后代出生，它已成为人类辅助生殖生物技术和动物克隆研究的新热点。

Electric massage on driving because of the long-term acid-induced cervical shoulder soreness and has assisted the efficacy and opsonization

电动按摩对因长期驾驶引起的肩酸颈椎酸痛，具有辅助疗效和调理作用。

The ultrasound-assisted extraction process of apple seed oil was studied with orthogonally rotational combination design method.

本研究通过二次回归正交旋转试验，探讨了超声波辅助提取苹果籽油的工艺条件，得出了超声波辅助提取苹果籽油的数学模型，确定了最佳提取条件为：液料比为8，提取时间为35min，提取温度为35℃，超声波频率为60kHz。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。