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This project was established based on the first cooperative development of optical in situ real time detecting technique probing the atomic scale layer-by-layer epitaxy growth of oxide film. Over the last three years, we have given full play to the advantages and characteristics of both sides and have finished the assumptions and plans of this subject satisfactorily. 1. In Institute of Physics, we set up advanced oblique-incidence reflectivity difference equipment and wrote one data acquisition procedure that made the simultaneous detection of optical signal and RHEED signal into reality. 2. The first observation of sustained oscillations over hundreds of monolayers in both real and imaginary signals during the epitaxy growth of SrNb0.1Ti0.9O3 on SrTiO3 substrate in LMBE testifies that oblique-incidence is an excellent method to detect and monitor film epitaxy growth real time. 3. For the first time, we verify that oblique-incidence reflectivity difference method can be used to monitor the layer-by-layer growth mode during continuous growth through the correspondence between optical signals to atomic or molecular step edge density on the growth surface. 4. Phenomenological analysis shows that optical signals comprise three parts, the first is proportional to the average thickness of the film and depends on the bulk phase dielectric response; the second is proportional to the coverage of terraces and depends on the dielectric response of atoms or unit cells in the terrace; the third is proportional to the coverage of step edges and depends on the effective dielectric response of atoms or unit cells at step edges. This makes oblique-incident reflectivity difference technique a quantitative macroscopic method to monitor film growth.

中文摘要：本课题是在合作首次发展了氧化物薄膜原子尺度层状外延生长光学原位实时探测方法的基础上立项的，三年来，我们充分发挥双方的优势和特点，圆满完成了课题的设想和计划。1、在物理所建立了一套先进的光反射差法装置，编写了计算机系统的数据采集程序，实现了两路光学信号和RHEED数据的同步采集和显示。2、用激光分子束外延在SrTiO3基底上生长SrNb0.1Ti0.9O3薄膜，首次观测到连续外延几百个原胞层，周期振荡的光反射差实部和虚部信号，证明了光反射差法是一种能原位实时探测与监控薄膜层状外延生长的好方法。3、首次验证了通过对生长表面原子或分子台阶密度的响应，光反射差法可用于原位实时监测在连续生长条件下薄膜的层式生长模式。4、通过唯象理论的研究，证明光反射差信号由三项组成，第一项只与薄膜的平均厚度和宏观光学电介质常数有关；第二项与分子台阶面覆盖度和台阶面上分子层的光学电介质常数有关；第三项与台阶边缘的覆盖度成正比，并和在台阶边缘的分子的有效光学介电常数有关。

When coverage varying from high to low, the parameter a decreasing, and b increasing. The fitted regression equation between total vegetation coverage and runoff duration as following, C = 3.4881nt_p -11.772 (R~2=0.9477). The equation shows that the vegetation is positive correlation to duration, i.e.

高寒草甸产流、产沙的试验结果表明，不同植被盖度的嵩草草甸其产流、产沙过程可以用幂函数R=at~b分布来描述，随着盖度由大变小，方程参数a值逐渐变小，b值逐渐增大；而覆盖度在5％以下的黑土滩，其产流、产沙过程更符合指数函数R=ae~分布。

The calculated results show that H atom preoccupies the twofold bridge site of the subsurface on the intact W(100) surface at low coverage, and obtains the perpendicular vibration frequency of 156 meV. The H-atom adsorption on bridge site, top site and fivefold hollow site (the top site on the second W layer) were observed at high coverage.

计算结果表明，低覆盖度下， H原子优先吸附在W(100)面的内层吸附位二层桥位B'，获得156 meV的垂直振动频率，随着覆盖度的增加， H原子稳定吸附在表层的五重洞位、桥位及顶位。

Therefore, in this thesis, a new set of models about breaking probability and whitecap coverage is set up using this breaking criterion. Under the assumption of linear ocean waves, and in the light of the theoretical framework about the probabilistic distribution of wave characteristics (Sun Fu 1988), several probabilistic distributions of wave characteristics that is necessary for the estimation of breaking probability and whitecap coverage are derived.

在线性海浪假设下，基于孙孚（1988）关于三维海浪要素统计分布的理论框架，具体给出二维海浪波峰处质点水平速度和表观相速的联合分布等分布函数，在此基础上，根据运动学判据，分别建立起风浪破碎率和白浪覆盖率的理论模式。

The change of activity,specific rate,turnover frequency,acid coverage and the coverage ratio of acidic to alkalic surface area had a similar regularity with the change of the state and the composition of iron oxide precursor of catalyst.

随着母体铁氧化物性质和组成的变化，催化剂活性、质量反应速率、合成氨转换频率和表面酸覆盖度及其酸碱覆盖度的比例有相似的变化规律，即与Fe2+/Fe3+呈驼峰形变化曲线。

Calculated with Clapeyron - Clausious equation, the isosteric heat of adsorption Qst (adsorption heat at certain coverage, which is defined as the numbers of adsorbed melecules per unit cell) and average isosteric heat of adsorption Qst^*(the average adsorption heat with various coverage determined in a certain temperature range) were obtained for the adsorbates investigated.

根据Clapeyron-Clausius方程，处理吸附等温线，得到不同覆盖度C(C=被吸附分子数/晶胞)的等量吸附热Qst(一定覆盖度C时由Clapeyron-Clausius方程计算的吸附热)及平均等量吸附热Qst^*(一定温度区间里等量吸附热Qst的平均值)，以及Qst^*与沸点蒸发热△Hv的差值△H1(定义为相互作用强度△H1=Qst^*-△Hv)。

Intelligent Microzone Wireless Coverage System is a Microzone Wireless Coverage System dynamic, self-allocated traffic and carrier-frequency resource.

智能微小区覆盖系统是一种可动态的、自主调配话务和载频资源的微小区覆盖系统。

Beijing environmental problems hold severe, and atmospheric and water pollute, soil and water loss, hot island and yawp are leading problems,and take on territorial characteristic. Based on research on relativity between urban forest and these environmental problems, urban forest can effective improve environmental quality in Beijing. And for the aim of improve environmental quality, Beijing forest overlay should attain 35% at least in citywide range, and local-areas being severe environmental problem should be provided with higher forest overlay.5. Through the study on urban forest needed capacity, Beijing's forest coverage is up to par in citywide range, but montanic forest coverage, plain covered with trees and average forest area are lacking, and CO2 and O2 balance is incapable;form the point of heat and balance CO2 and O2 balance,urban forest the city zone and suburb is lack. There is urban forest developmental potential space,but the city zone and suburb area need be compensated form urban forest in circumjacent region.6. On the based of the above results and ecological network system, the author drived whole region into city area, plain and mountain area are needed at the point of planning thoughts of running-through forests and water .

根据城市森林与北京市主要环境问题的相关性分析，城市森林在改善这些环境问题中具有重要的作用，为有效改善这些环境问题，整个北京市域范围内森林覆盖率至少达到35%，并且分布比较均匀，环境问题严重的局部区域需要不同程度增加森林覆盖率。5、通过对北京市城市森林需求量研究发现，虽然在市域范围内北京森林覆盖率达到了国家标准，但是山区森林覆盖率、平原林木覆盖率、城区人均森林面积不足；从区域热平衡和碳氧平衡角度分析，城区和郊区不能满足本区域的城市森林需求量，虽然北京市城市森林具有一定的发展潜力，整体上基本可以满足城市需要，但是这些区域需要依靠周边区域城市森林的补偿。6、根据以上的研究结果，以中国森林生态网络体系建设的点、线、面布局理念为指导，以&林网化——水网化&作为优化理念，将北京市整个市域划分为城区近郊区及其辐射区域，平原区和山区三大区域，依据三大区域特点进行城市森林布局优化。

Results showed that total vegetation coverage, herbaceous coverage, and species richness were all decreased, and perennial species gradually gave place to psammophyte annuals, shrubs, and semi-shrubs from gentle slope hilly ridge, through saline bottomland and fixed and semi-fixed dune, and to shifting and semi-shifting dune.

结果表明，从缓坡丘陵梁地，经盐化丘间低地、固定半固定沙地到流动半流动沙丘，植被总盖度、草本植物盖度、物种丰富度均呈下降趋势；植被组成中多年生草本植物逐渐减少，一年生草本植物及沙生灌木、半灌木逐渐增加。

Root-shoot ratio of ramet population with low herbaceous coverage was significantly higher than that with high herbaceous coverage.

荒草坡积雪草拥有更大的根干重和花果干重，但一级匍匐茎节间长和总匍匐茎节间长较短。

Alternatively, the con- trollers can use the synchronous rectifier itself or loss- less inductor current-sensing methods to provide overload protection with lower power dissipation.

另外，康威特罗勒斯可以使用同步整流器本身或亏损减少电感电流检测方法，以提供低功耗过载保护。

Mr. Dauber's other Schatz hangs in his home movie studio.

多伯把沙兹的另一件作品挂在家里的电影室。